Memo re: CJTF-7 Interrogation and Counter-Resistance Policy

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CITF7-CG
MEMORANDUM FOR
06-Sep-2013
. HEADQUARTERS
Of.fiC:E OF THE STAFF JUDGE ADVOCATE
COMBINED JOINT TASKFORCE. SEVEN
BAGHOA.ti,IRAO
1-,.~0 A.E 0~335
C2, Combined Joint Task Force Seven, Baghdad, Iraq 09335
C3, Combined Joint Task For-ce Seven, Baghdad, Iraq 09335 .
Commander, 205th Military Intelligence Brigade, Baghdad, Iraq 09335
SUBJECT: CJTF-7 Interrogation and Counter-Re5istance P9licy
10 September 200;>
cl.l G,£:{7b_f-(.,\ This memorandutn establishes the interrogation and counter-resistancepolicy for
' 2. rifrwl} I ~llprove the use of ~p~ified interrogation ~.t.ocuntercresista,nce ~echniqu~ A-DD,
as-a~~:in-en~losur.e J; subj~t•'cthe followi!!~!41! !'!IU!Iif'r .. ;c,._,;=', ·; · ;;,/ ., . • .
. _L . .. '··· .. - . be.r,'ls?~S ; a. p~ese techniques mu . b. t,4!J:If.) Use of~hese techniques i' limited to interre~tions ofdetai~ee$, ~ecuiity
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''\tem£.~ enemy pnson,ors of war undcnho conEr.ol of(:;:ITF-7: _ · .
' . c. rj,;ti4f.) Use of techniques !3;1. 0-llll[_(( nn liD~ prisonei'S of Wal' m~t be approved by
me personally pFior to use. Submit writ:.--·, r-eques.ts fur use-of-~'i..t11ehni.q!,l!i$:, Wilh Sl!PP!'Irt;ing
rationale, to me.tbr9ugh the CJTF-7 C2. _:. :,·gal rcYiew from the CJTF,7'SJA must-acCQIIIpany
each request. ~ .
3. cBtrJF) CITF-1 is oper11!iu~ in a theater ofwa~ in which lhe Geneva Couventi~ ar;~· _applidbie.
S:Oa!itian forces will continue to treat all pl:I"Sons under their conlrol ~ne-lY.
4. cf,~ Requests for us~~ft~hniques n?t ~~~~din el)l;losure_ l will bC ~t{-ed'tl)llle _ ·
thr~ the C:J"11'-7 _C2, aJ;i;IIIIC!!!d~ ,~ descnp110n Af lh11 P.r9P9s,ed ~bn!qpe and t;e;cOlliiDei!~
safe.ll'llards. Ale~ review ~mlhe CYI'F-7 S!A. must aeco~pany·eac!> ~· , ,
5. jiJ~) Nothi11g in this pelicylimils eltisting aulh~~ ~ maintenancec<~fgt;>wd ord~r al!o!
discipfine among.delainees. _ . ·
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J . lnt.er.ro,"!'ti<>n T~ni-ques
2. Genezza;! Saie!l!'ards
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INTERROGATION TECHNIQUES
~The use of techniques A-DD are subject to the general safeguards as provided below as welt {s~peClfic implementation guidelines to be provided by 205'h Ml BDE Commander. Specific
implementation guidance with respect to techniques A-DP is provided in U.S. Army Field Manual
34-52. Funher implementation guidance will be developed by 205'h Ml BDE Commander.
rhfNF1"0rthe techniques set forth below, the policy aspect~ ofcertai.n techniques should be · /~d~r;d to the extent those policy aspects reflect the views of other Coalition ~entributing nations.
Where applicable, the description of the technique is a!Ulotated to include a summary of the policy
issues that should be <;onsidered b~:fore application of the technique. ·
A. }Sf~Direi::t Asking straightforward questions.
B. (S/fNF) Incentive/Removal of Incentive; Providing a reward or removing a privilege, above
and beyond tl).ose that are required by the Geneva Convention, from detainees. [Caution: Other
nations that believe detainees are entitled to EPW protections rna y consider that provision an4
retention of religious items (e.g. the Koran) are protected under international law (see, Geneva III,.
Article 34). Although the provisions of the Geneva Convention are not applicable to the
interrogation c:Jfunlawful combatants, consideration should be given to these views prior to
· application of the technique.}
C . .{S";IJllf')Emotional Love: Playing on the love a detainee has for an individual or group .
. D. ~~Emotional Hate: ~laying on the hatred a detainee .has for an individual or group,
·, \ E., ~~ear Up Harsh: Significantly increasing the fear level in a detainee.
, ' F. (.8¥) Fear Up Mild: Moderately increasing the fear level in a detainee.
G. 9t'~Reduced Fear: Reducing the fear level in a detainee.
H. ~/!btF} Pride and Ego Up: Boosting the ego of a detainee.
• _I. )!S'.¢) Pride and Ego Down: Attackingc:Jr insulting the ego of a d~.l!in~~t ~~ lmuts that would apply to an EPW. [Caution: Article 17 of Geneva III prov1~, ·'PFI~I;)~QfwEU:
who fefus.e to answer may no.t be threatened, insulted, or exposed to any UFipleaB?nt or .
disadvantageous tr.eatme~ of any kind.' Uther nations that believe' detainee&~ enti~led to EP.W
pro:ections may consider :ihis tecbnique inconsistent with the provisions.0f.Gene'!M. A provisions of Geneva are not applicable to the interrogation of unlawful cembatants, consi!fiirattO~
sheuld be given to these views prior to applieation ofthe technique.}
. J. f'FtjF> Futility: ~okin~ the_feel!gg of futf!ityoJ a detainee.
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. ~) V:e· Know All: Conv~ncwg the detainee that the interrogator already knows the
o questtons lte asks the aetamee. OOG
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..... ~.{~Establish Your Identity: Convincing th~ detainee that the intenogator has mistaken detafn~ for someone else.
. ~· (~~ ~eperition: Continuo~sly repeating the same question to the detainee within
1nten o~li~n penods of nonnal duratron. . · · ·
. N. CJt/N.P) File and Dossier: Convincing. detainee that the interrogator has a damning and
tnaccu~reyfij~: which must be fixed: · .
. 0. (l;t!Nt} Mutt.and Jeff: A team consisting of a friendly and harsh interrogator. The harsh
mterrog~or might employ the Pride and Ego Do\vn teclu:lique. (Caution: Other nations that believe
tha~ EPW proteetio.ns apply to detainees may view this ·technique as inconsistent. with Geneva m,
Art!~l: 13 which provjdes that EPWs must be protected against acts of intimidation. Although the
provrstons of Geneva are not a.pp!ical?le to the interrogation of unlawful combatants, consideration
should be given to these views prior to application of the technique.) . .
P. _¢1J*)Rapid Fir~: Questiening in rapid succession without allowing detainee to answer.
Q. ~/~Sil~nce: Staring at the detainee to encourage discomfort. ·
, .R. CW¥) Change. of Scenery Up: Removing tbe detainee from the ~andard interrogl!tion
settmg (generally to a location more pleasant, but no worse). ·
.s. '"(JfF) Change of Scenery Down: Removing the detainee from the standard inten:ogation .
setnng ind placing him in a setting that may be less comfot1able; would not constitute~ substantial ·
.chan~e in environmental quality. .
·, \ ;, .. (4/IjPJ' Dietary Manipulation: Chaf!ging the diet of a detainee; no intended deprivcayion of.
'food or *'~re~~ no adverse medical or cultural effeet and without intent to deprive subjt;ct of fc;>oc;l or
w.ater, e.g., hot rations to MREs. · .
. U. ($//tfi) Environmentall'vf!lni:pulation: Altering the environment to create, moder~te . ·
dtscomfQtt (~.g. adjusting temp~)ilt)l-re or introducing 4n unpleasat~t smell). Co~i!ti~l:lli .CWIY ~ot be
such that they inj1:lfe the deta.ii}ee. Detainee is aceGmpanied by interreg)ltor at alHi¢e~, t!J:If-l!ltiPfi:
Based on c~u11t e~es in ether,,co~mtti¢s, some nations may view li.Pflti.\>lltion oft~'·t~~lle.ln
certain cir014mtances io be itihuma11e. C-onsidera~~~m Qf these vie~vs should he glven·ilt.l$'f1t!);P:~e cf
.. this technique.] " ·
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implementation instructions, including specific guidelines regarding the length of isolation, medical
and psychological review, and approval for extensiOns of the length of isolation by the 205'11 MI BDE
.:::ommander. This technique will not be used for interrogation purposes for longer than 30 days
continuously. Use of this technique for more than 30 continuous days must be·briefed to 205'h MI
BDE Commander prior to implementation. Those nations that believe detainees are subject to EPW
protections may view use of this technique as inconsistent with the requirements of Geneva III;
Article 13 which provides that EPWs must be protected against acts of intimidation; Article 14 which
pxovides that EPWs are entitled to respect for their persons; Article 34 which prohibit!; coercion and .
Article 126 which ensures access and basic standards oftreatmen\~ Although these provisions are not
applicable to the interrogation of unlawful combatants, consideration should be given to these views
prior to application of the technique.]
. · Y.~~) Presence of Military Working Dog: Exploits Arab fear of dogs while maint;1ining
security during intetTogations. Dogs will be muzzled and under control ofMWD handler at all times
to prevent contact with detainee.
Z. not to excd"d 72 continuous hours. . .
AA. fl.ttyf) Sensory Deprivation: Combination use of isolation and sleep management to
disorient de;ainee and prolong capture shock. Not to exceed 72. hours. · .
BB. ($1~) Yelling, Louq Music, and Light Control: Used to create fear, disorient detainee and
- prolong ca'p!Ore shock. Volume controlled to prevent injury. ·
CC. jt!J:*'J Deception: Use of falsified representations including documents and reports.
DD. ($1!J>Hi Stress Positions: Use of physical postures (sitting, standing, kneeling, prone etc)
.for no.I\m,J're thap I hour per 1.1se. Use oftechnique(s) will not ex<>eed 4 hours and adequate rest
b~tween use of each position will be prov.ided .
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Enclo.sure 2
GE~ERALSAF£GUARDS
L,f%) Application of these inter;·ogation techniques is subject to the following general safeguards:
/<.D limited to use at interrogation facilities only; (ii) there is a reasonable basis to believe that the
detainee possesse~ critical intelligence; (iii) the detainee is medically and operationally evaluated as
suitable (considering all techniques to be used in combination); (iv) interrogators are specifieally
trained for the technique(s); (v) a specific interrogation plan (including reasonable safeguards, limits
on duration, intervals between applications, termination criteria and the presence or availabi·li'ly of
qualified medical personnel) has been developed; (vi) there is appropriate supervision; and, (vii)
there is appropriate specified senior approval as identified by 205'h MI BDE Commancter for use .with
any specific detainee (after considering the foregoing and receiving tegal advice).
(U) The purpose of all interviews and intetTogations i~ to get the most information from ll detainee .
with the least intrusive method, always applied in a humane and lawful manner with sufficient ·
oversight by trained investigators or interrogators. Operating instructions must be develelped l;>ased
on command policies to insure unifonn, careful, and safe application of interrogations ofdetainees.
(£¥> Interrogations ~ust always be planned, deliberate actions that take into a,qcount factot:s such jas a detainee's current and past performance in both detention and inten·ogation; a d!)tainee's ·
emotional anq physical strengths and weaknesses; assessment of possible approaches that may work
on a certain detainee in an effort to gain the tnlSt of the detainee; strengths and W~tak!lesses of
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X~~knesses to gain his willing cooperation. Interrogation operations are never conducted in a
vacuum; they are conducted in close cooperation with the Limits detaining the individuals. l'he ·
policies established by the detaining units that pertain to searching, silencing and segregating also
play~ role in the interrogation of the detainee. Detainee interrogation involves clevelopin& a plan
. 'tailored to an individual and approved by senior interrogators. Strict adherence to poliE;iW~andard
'.operating procedtires governing the administration qr interrogation techniques an,d ov~r.;lght is
~\;sential. · · ·
jf__tfti.F) It is important that interrogators be provided reasonable lat-itu.de to vary te;:::!m;i,mj~.
depending on the detainee'-s culture, strengths, weaknesses, environment, extent of:tri~iiillii:W');~·
resistance techniques as well as the urgency of obtaining lnimnation thatthe detarnee 'is']5~jrey,;tcl to
have.
· r/J!t}F). While t~hniql\1\S are considere_d indivi?ua~ly with~n this aqaf~sis, it must:tbe l!IB~f~l'~il fu~t .
m practice, techniques are usually used m combmatlOn. The cumull!tiVe effect of aU t~~~® to b~·
employed must IDe considered b~ere any decisions are made re~Q;tng I!Bproyal fol' !?.~~~~ ·
situations. The title of a particular technique is not alwa;ys fuUy deserip~i¥e of a pa~~iilaF'tee~jqul!.
205'h MI BDE Conunander is responsible for oversight of all techniques in,el\\itrg :ph~at~;an~act.
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