This is the Court-Martial of Specialist Armin J. Cruz of the 502nd Military Intelligence Battalion, 504th Military Intelligence Brigade. SPC Cruz was charged with two (2) counts of maltreatment of a detainee at Abu Ghraib prison and pleaded guilty to those charges.
REDACTED
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COURT-MART1AL RECORD
NAME C. RI12_ R Mrd J.
W(6)-5-JC/A)-s
SSN
ACTIONS CODED: ASSIGNED4 FEB 1 7 2005
INITIAL PANEL
ACCA EXAM. DIV. FINAL COMPANION(S): SE. E_ k.E.v EgsE &EDE
RETURN .THIS PILE TO:
QFFICE.OF THE CLERK 0.F COURT ARMY.JUDIPIARY 904 NORTH - STUART STREET,.. SUITE. 4.200 ARLINGTON.-1 VA. .2.220348.37
VOL OF -2M VOL(S)
ARmy 20040973
JALS-CC FORM 24, LOCTOBER 2000
.
FEB I 6 2005 CO2777
VOL I of II
ORIGINAL COPY
VERBAlqlf
RECORD OF TRIAL2
(and accompanying papers)
OF
CRUZ, Armin J. (0) —SA)4/ Specialist
(NAME: Last, Firs1 Middle Initial) (Social Security Number) (Rank)
HHS, 502d MI Bn
504th MI Bde US ArmyVVictory Base, Iraq
(unit/Command Name) (Branch of Service) (Station or Ship)
BY SPECIAL (BCD) COURT—MARTIAL
CONVENED BY CC6BUU4DING GENMUULL (Title of Convening Authority)
Headquarters, III Corps (Unit/Command of Convening Authority)
TRIED AT
Baghdad, IraqVONV11 September 2004
(Place or Places of Trial) (Date or Dates of Trial)
410111011111MMIMIN - ARMY 20041130 - referred Clerk of C.ourt 01-13-05
COMPANION CASES: 111¦•¦11.- ARMY 20041129 - CMCR
1.1.111101/111.-ARMY 20040551 - P.4
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Insert "verbatim" or summarized" as appropriate. (This form will be used by the Army and Navy for verbatim records of trial only.) 2 See inside back cover for instructions as to preparation and arrangement. DD FORM 490, OCT P8 Previous editions are obsolete.. FRONT COVER
2 0 0 4 0 9 7 3
DOD-046804
CHRONOLOGY SHEETi
[
In the case of U.S. v. Specialist Armin J. Cruz
(Rank and Name of Accused)
Date of alleged commission of earliest offense tried: 25 Oct 2003.
(Enter Date)
Date record forwarded to The Judge Advocate General: 2
(Enter Date)
(402 -(7V-) -2,
ammis COL, JA, Staff Judge Advocate8
(Signature and Rank of St8u ge8vocate or Legal Officer)
1 In a case forwarded to the Judge Advocate General, the staff judge advocate or legal officer is responsible for completion of the Chronology Sheet. Trial counsel should report8any8authorized8deductions8and reasons for any unusual delays of the case.
2 Or officer conducting review under Article 64(a) (MCM, 1984, RCM 1112)
3 In computing days between two dates, disregard first day and count last day. The actual number of days in each month will be counted.
48Item 1 is not applicable when accused is not restrained, (See MVM, 1984, RCM 304) or when he/she is ill confinement under a sentence or court-martial at time charges are preferred. Item 2 will be the zero date if item 1 is not applicable.
5 May not be applicable to trial by special court-martial
,.
6 Only this item may be deducted
78If no further action is required, Reins 1 through 8 will be completed and chronology signed by such convening authority or hisfirr representative.
.-8 When further action is required under Article 64 or service directives.
REMARKS
Action
1.
Accused placed under restraint by military authority 4
2.
Charges preferred (date of affidavit)
3.
Article 32 investigation (date of report) 5 4 • Charges received by convening authority
5.
Charges referred for trial
6.
Sentence or acquittal
Less days: Accused sick, in hospital or AWOL 0 Delay at request of defense 0
Total authorized deduction 6 0
7.
Net elapsed days to sentence or acquittal ..
8.
Record received by convening authority Action 7 6
9.
Record received kw officer conducting review under Article 64(a)
- -Action 5'
Date Cumulative 2004-2005 Elapsed Days
4 Sep 04
5 Sep 04 5 Sep 04 11 Sep 04
15 Oct 04 41 18 Jan 05 116 (-20)
• Post trial defense delay from 21 November 2004 to 11 December 2004. Total of 20 days.
• Investigation of the most serious charge was initiated on 31 Jan 2004. The accused was arraigned on
11 September 2004. Total of 224 days.
)D FORM 490, MAY 2000 Inside of Front Cover
002779
2 0 0 4 0 9 7 3
2n n An et
DOD-046805
UNITED STATES ARMY JUDICIARY
901 NORTH STUART STREET
ARLINGTON, VIRGINIA 22203-1837
UNITED STATES
ARMY 20040973
v.
REFERRAL AND DESIGNATION
SPC ARMIN J, CRUZ OF COUNSEL
(41)5-4)(c)'c
1.
The record of trial in this case having been received for
review pursuant to Article 66(b), Uniform Code of Military
Justice, the record is, by authority of The Judge Advocate
General, hereby referred to the United States Army Court of
Criminal Appeals for appellate review. Pursuant to assignment
procedures approved by the Chief Judge, the record is assigned
to the Panel indicated below.
2.
Pursuant to Article 70(c) (1), Uniform Code of Military
Justice, the Chief, Defense Appellate Division, and such
additional or other appellate counsel as he may assign, shall
represent the accused in these proceedings and in any further
or related proceedings in the United States Court of Appeals
for the Armed Forces. The Chief, Government Appellate
Division, and such additional appellate counsel as he may
assign, shall represent the United States.
Date: 16 February 2005
PANEL 4
FOR THE CLERK OF COURT:
ummuipimai wailicHt
WarairanfailiMaa
Paralegal Specialist
DISTRIBUTION:
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DOD-046806
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
v. POST TRIAL AND APPELLATE
RIGHTS CRUZ, Armin J.8 ) (BCD and Special Courts-Martial) SPC, U.S. Army, _8 ) SVC Co., 502nd MI BN, 504th MI BDE8) 11 September 2004 APO AE 093428 )
I, SPC ARMIN J. CRUZ, the accused in the above entitled case certify that my trial defense counsel has advised me of the following post-trial and appellate rights in the event that I am convicted of a violation of the Uniform Code of Military Justice:
1.
In exercising my post-trial rights, or in malcing any decision to waive them, I am entitled to the advice and assistance of military counsel provided free of charge or civilian counsel provided at no expense to the government.
2.
After the record of trial is prepared, the convening authority will act on my case. The convening authority can approve the sentence adjudged (as limited by any pretrial agreement), or he can approve a lesser sentence, or disapprove the sentence entirely. The convening authority cannot increase the sentence. He can also disapprove some or all of the findings of guilty. The convening authority is not required to review the case for legal errors, but may take action to correct legal errors.
3.
I have the right to submit any matters I wish the convening authority to consider in deciding what action to take in my case. Before -the convening authority talces action, the staff judge advocate will submit a recommendation to him, if applicable. This recommendation is required when there is an adjudged bad-conduct discharge. This recoramendation, if made, will be sent to me and/or my defense counsel before the convening authority takes action. If I have matters that I wish the convening authority to consider, or matters in response to the staff judge advocate's recommendation, such matters must be submitted within 10 days after I or my counsel receive a copy of the record of trial or I and/or my counsel receive the recommendation of the staff judge advocate, whichever occurs later. Upon my request, the convening authority may extend this period, for good cause, for not more than an additional 20 days.
4.
If the convening authority approves a bad-conduct discharge, my case will be reviewed by the
U.S. Army Court of Criminal Appeals (ACCA). I am entitled to be repreSiMet by.counsel before such court. If I so request, military counsel wql. be appointedip tePrIrserit me-attc,-.cost to me. If I so choose, I may also be represented by civilian counsel at no emense to the Unite!!! States. I understand that paragraph six governs my aeellate rights if theet is not an 'adjudged or approved bad-conduct discharge.
002781
APPELLATE EXHIBIT V RECOGNIZED R.
20040973
5.
After the ACCA completes its review, I may request that my case be reviewed by the United States Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces (CAAF). If may case is reviewed by that Court, I may request review by the Supreme Court of the United States. I have the same rights to counsel before those courts as I have before the ACCA.
6.
If no punitive discharge is adjudged or approved by the convening authority, my case will be examined by a military lawyer, non-nally at the local installation, for legal error. I have the right to submit allegations of legal error either to the convening authority under paragraph 3 above or directly to the military lawyer reviewing my court-martial, or both. My case will be sent to the general court-martial convening authority for final action on any recommendation by -the lawyer for con-ective action. If the military lawyer recommends corrective action and my case is sent to the general court-martial convening authority for action, I will be sent a copy of the convening authority's action and the recommendation of the military lawyer after action is taken by the general court-martial convening authority.
7.
I also understand that withi_n two (2) years after the sentence is approved, I may request The Judge Advocate General (TJAG) to take corrective action on the basis of newly discovered evidence, fraud on the court, lack of jurisdiction over me or of the offense, error prejudicial to my substantial rights, or the appropriateness of my sentence.
8.
I may waive or withdraw review by the appellate courts at any time before completion of the review. I understand that if I waive or withdraw review:
(a) My decision is final and I cannot change my mind.
(b)
My case will then be reviewed by a military lawyer for legal erior (see paragraph six above). It may also be sent to the general court-martial convening authority for final action.
(c)
Within 2 years after the sentence is approved, I may request The Judge Advocate General (TJAG) to take corrective action on the basis of newly discovered evidence, fraud on the court-martial, lack of jurisdiction over me or the offense, error prejudicial to my substantial rights, or the appropriateness of the sentence.
9. I have read and had my post-trial rights explained to me by counsel and I acicnowledge these rights and malce the elections set forth below. (Please initial where appropriate.)
I understand my post-trial and appellate review rights.
I would like a copy of the record of trial served on
8 (A;
My defense counsel, 111111/11/1116, will submit R.C.M. 1105 matters in my case.
002782
fj-C_ d. If applicable, I want to be represented before the U.S. Army Court of Criminal Appeals' by Appellate Defense Counsel appointed by The Judge Advocate General of the Anny. I understand that I may contact my Appellate Defense Counsel by writing to Defense Appellate Division, U.S. Army Legal Services Agency (JALS-DA), 901 North Stuart Street, Arlington, Virginia 22203.
e. I have been informed that I have the righ to retain civilian counsel at my ovvn expense, whose name and address are provided herein:
-4111111MIIMMIIMIMMIk-. 64)1004
If I later retain civilian counsel, I must provide the name and address to: Clerk of the Court, U.S. Army Judiciary (JALS-CC), Nassif Building, 901 North Stuart Street, Suite 1200, Arlington, Virginia 22203.
10. Pending action on my case, I can be contacted or a message may be left for me at the following address:
NAME:
STREET:
cbloj s-,OW -C
CITY/ STATE / ZIP CODE:
AREA CODE/ TELEPHONE NUMBET
DATED:
SPC, U.S.8Y Accused
I certify that I have advised the above named accused regarding the post trial and appellate rights as set forth above, that he has received a copy of this document, and that he has made electibns concerning appellate counsel.
DATED: U5'9/) °LI
Defense Counsel
002783
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1. OJAG NUMBER
COURT—MARTIAL DATA SHEET
2. NAME (Last, First, Middle Initial) 3. SOCIAL SECURITY 4. RANK 5. UNIT/COMMAND NAME CRUZ , Armin J . HHSC,8502d MI Bn,8504th MI Bde
(hdrik',/ MN— S. SPE
INSTRUCTIONS
When an item is not applicable to the record of trial being reviewed, mark the proper block with a diagonal line similar to the ones which appear in the SPCMCA blocks for items 6a and b.
-
TC Trial Counsel. This column will be
completed in all cases in which a finding of guilty is returned.
SPCMCA -Special Court-Martial Convening Authority who is not empowered to convene a general court-martial. This column will be completed in each special court-martial case by the SPCMCA or his/her designated representative.
KEY TO USE
GCM_ or JA -General Court-Martial
Convening Authority or Judge
Advocate. This column will be completed in any case in which the record is forwarded by the commander exercising general court-martial jurisdiction to The Judge Advocate
General of the branch of service
concerned. If the record is reviewed under Article 64(a), UCMJ, this column will be completed by the judge advocate accomplishing the review
—
SECTION A PRETRIAL AND TRIAL PROCEDURE
6. a. If a general court-martial: Was the accused represented in the Article 32 investigation by civilian or military counsel of his/her own selection or by counsel qualified within the meaning of Article 27(b), UCMJ?
b. If not: Did the accused waive his/her right to such representation?
7.
Does the record show place, date, and hour of each Article 39(a) session, the assembly and each opening and closing thereafter?
8.
a. Are all convening and amending orders of courts to which charges were referred entered in the record?
b.
Are court members named in the convening orders, detailed military judge (if any), counsel and the accused accounted for as present or absent?
c.
Was less than a quorum present at any meeting requiring the presence of court members (RCM 805))?
d.
Does the record show that after each session, adjournment, recess, or closing during the trial, the parties to the trial were accounted for when the court reopened (A13-5)?
e.
If the military judge or any member present at assembly was thereafter absent, was such absence the result of challenge, physical disability or based on good cause as shown in the record of trial (RCM 505(c)(2)(A))?
9.
Were the reporter and interpreter, if any, sworn or previously sworn?
10.
a. Was the military judge properly certified (RCM 502(c))?
b.
Was the military judge properly detailed (RCM 503(b))?
c.
Was the military judge present during all open sessions of the court?
11. a. Was the accused advised that:
(1) He/she had the right to be represented free of charge by a military lawyer of his/her own selection, if reasonably available, in which case detailed counsel might be excused (RCM 506(a))?
OJAG -Appropriate appellate agency in the Office of The Judge Advocate General of the branch of service concerned, This column will be disregarded if a record of trial was reviewed under Article 64, UCMJ, and in cases where there are no approved findings of guilty.
References All references are to the Uniform Code
-
of Military Justice (UCMJ) and the Manual for Courts-Martial, United States (MCM), 1984.
TC SPCMCA GCM or OJAG JA YES NO YES NO YES NO YES NO
/ / / /
/ / / /
X X
X X
X X
/ / / /
X
/ / / /
X X
.
X X
X X X X
X X
DD FORM 494, OCT 84, Page 1 Previous editions are obsolete.
002784
20040973
DOD-046810
_
COURT—MARTIAL DATA SHEET
—
SECTION A PRETRIAL AND TRIAL PROCEDURE
(CONTINUED)
(2)
He/she had the right to be represented at the trial by a civilian lawyer provided at no expense to the government, in which case detailed counsel would serve as associate counsel or be excused with the accused's consent?
(3)
If he/she did not exercise any of the rights listed above, he/she would be defended by detailed counsel certified under Article 27(b), UCMJ (RCM 502(d)(1))?
b.
(1) Was the accused represented by a civilian lawyer?
(2)
Did the accused request a specific military counsel?
(3)
(a) If so, was such request complied with?
(b)
If not, were reasons given why requested counsel was not reasonably available?
12. a. Was the detailed defense counsel properly certified (RCM 502(d))?
b. Was at least one qualified counsel for each party present during all open sessions of the court (RCM 502(d) and RCM 805(c))?
13. a. If the special court-martial adjudged a BCD:
(1)
Was a military judge detailed to the court (RCM 503(b))?
(2)
If not, did the convening authority submit a statement indicating why a military judge could not be detailed and why trial had to be held at that time and place (Article 19, UCMJ)?
(3)
Was a verbatim transcript made (Article 19, UCMJ)?
14.
Did any person who acted as the accuser, investigating officer, military judge, court member, or a member of the defense in the same case, or as counsel for the accused at a pretrial investigation or other proceedings involving the same general matter, subsequently act as a member of the prosecution (RCM 502(d)(4))?
15.
If any member of the defense had acted as a member of the prosecution in the same case, was he/she excused (RCM 502(d)(4))?
16.
a. If any member of the defense had acted as the accuser, investigating officer, military judge, or member of the court, were his/her services expressly requested by the accused (RCM 502(d)(4))?
b. If not, was he/she excused?
17. a. If accused was an enlisted person, did he/she make a request that enlisted persons be included in membership of the court?
b.
If so, were at least one-third of the members who tried the case enlisted persons, or did the convening authority direct the trial without enlisted persons and provide a detailed written explanation which is appended to the record (RCM 503(a)(2))?
c.
Did any enlisted member of the court belong to the same unit as the accused?
18.
If a military judge was detailed to the court, was the accused informed of his/her right to request trial by military judge alone?
19.
Were the members of the court, military judge (if any) and the personnel of the prosecution and defense sworn or previously sworn?
20.
a. Was any person sitting as a member of the court, or military judge (if any), the accuser, a witness for the prosecution, the investigating officer, staff judge advocate, counsel, or convening authority, or upon rehearing or new trial was he/she a member of the former trial (RCM 902(b) and RCM 912(f))?
b. If so, did the accused waive such disqualification (RCM 912(0(4) and RCM 902(e))?
TC
YES NO X
X
'
X
/ / / /
X X
X
/ /
X X
/ /
/ /
/ /
X
/ /
/ /
X X X
/ /
SPCMCA GCM or JA YES NO YES NO X
X
X X
/ / / /
X X
X
/ /
X X
/ /
/ /
/ /
X
/ /
/ /
X X X
/ /
OJAG
YES NO
_
-
-
002785
DD FORM 494, OCT 84, Page 2
2 0 0 4 0 9 7 3
COURT —MART IAL DATA S HEET
—
SECTION A PRETRIAL AND TRIAL PROCEDUR,E
(CONTINUED)
21. a. Was each accused extended the right to challenge military judge (if any), and any member of the court for cause and to exercise one peremptory challenge?
b.
Was action by court upon challenges proper (RCM 902 and RCM 912)?
c.
Does the record show that a member excused as a result of a challenge withdrew from the court?
22. a. Was the accused properly arraigned (RCM 904)?
b.
Do the following appear in the record: The charges and specifications, the name, rank and unit/command name of the person signing the charges, the affidavit, and the order of reference for the trial?
c.
Except in time of war, was the accused brought to trial (which includes an Article 39(a), UCMJ session) by general court-martial within five days (by special court-martial within three days) subsequent to service of charges upon him/her (RCM 602)?
d.
If so, did the accused object to trial?
23. a. Were any charges or specifications affected by the statute of limitations (RCM 907(b))?
b. If so, was accused advised of his/her right to assert the statute and was his/her response recorded (RCM 907(b))?
24.
Did the court take proper action with respect to motions raising defenses and objections (RCM 905-907)?8 .
25.
a. Were pleas of accused regularly entered (RCM 910(a))?
.
b. Were pleas of guilty properly explained, and accused's responses recorded (RCM 910(c))?
26.
Does the record show that all witnesses were sworn?
27.
Did the military judge or president advise the court concerning the elements of each offense, each lesser included offense reasonably raised by the evidence, and the presumption of innocence, reasonable doubt, and burden of proof, pursuant to Article 51(c), UCMJ (RCM 920(e))?
28.
a. If trial was by military judge alone, did the military judge announce the findings (RCM 922)?
b.
If the trial was with members, did the president announce the findings (RCM 922)?
c.
If special findings were requested, were they made a part of the record?
29.
Were the findings in proper form (A 1 0)?
30.
a. Was the evidence, if any, of previous convictions admissible and properly introduced in evidence (RCM 1001(b)(3))?
b.
Was the information from personnel records of the accused properly admitted (RCM 1001(b)(2))?
c.
Was the defense permitted to introduce evidence in extenuation and mitigation after the court announced findings of guilty (RCM 100I(c))?
31. a. In a trial with members, did the president announce the sentence (RCM 1007)?
b. If trial was by military judge alone, did the military judge announce the sentence (RCM 1007)?
TC
YES NO X
/ / / /
X X X
/ /
X
/ /
X
X X X
/ /
X
/ /
/ /
X
/ /
X X
/ /
X
SPCMCA GCM or JA YES NO YES NO X
/ / / /
X X X
/ /
X
/ /
X
X X X
/ /
X
/ /
/ /
X
/ /
X X
/ /
X
OJAG
YES NO
002786
DD FORM 494, OCT 84, Page 3
20040973
COURT—MARTIAL DATA SHEET
SECTION A PRETRIAL AND TRIAL PROCEDURE
—
(CONTINUED)
32.
Was the sentence in proper form (All)?
33.
Is the record properly authenticated (RCM 1104)?
34.
a. Did all members who participated in proceedings in revision vote on original findings and sentence (RCM 1102(e)(1))?
b. At proceedings in revision, were a military judge (if one was present at the trial), the accused, and counsel for the prosecution and defense present (RCM 1102(e)(1))?
35.
Was each accused furnished a copy of the record or substitute service made on defense counsel (RCM 1104(b))?
36.
Was clemency recommended by the court or military judge?
SECTION B PROCEDURE' AFTER TRIAL
—
37.
Was the court convened by proper authority (RCM 504(b))?
38.
Did the court have jurisdiction of person and offense (RCM 202 & 203)?
39.
Does each specification state an offense under the code (RCM 907(b))?
40.
Did the accused have the requisite mental capacity at the time of trial and the requisite mental responsibility at the time of the commission of each offense (RCM 909 and RCM 916(k))?
41.
Is the evidence sufficient to support the findings?
42.
Is the sentence within legal limits (RCM 1112(d)?
43.
Is the action of the convening authority properly entered in the record and signed (RCM 1107(f))?
44.
If appropriate, is a proper place of confinement designated (RCM 1107(f)(4)(c))?
45.
a. Was the staff judge advocate's post-trial recommendation served on the defense counsel for comment (RCM 1106(0?
b.
If the addendum to the recommendation contained new matters, was it served on the defense counsel for comment (RCM 1105(f)(7))?
c.
Did the accused submit matters for the convening authority's consideration in a timely manner (RCM 1105)?
d.
If yes, was the convening authority's action subsequent to the submission of the matters?
e.
If no, did the accused waive in writing the right to submit matters and was the action taken subsequent to the written waiver or did the time periods provided in RCM 1105(c) expire before the convening authority's action?
46. a. Does the record indicate that the accused was advised of his/her appellate rights (RCM 1010)?
b.
Do the allied papers contain a statement indicating the desires of the accused with respect to appellate representation in the event his/her case is referred to a court of military review?
c.
Did the accused waive or withdraw appellate review and is the waiver or withdrawal in proper form and attached to the record of trial (RCM 1110, Al9 & 20)?
TC SPCMCA GCM or OJAG JA YES NO YES NO YES NO YES NO X X X X
/ / / /
/ / / /
X X
• / / / /
GCM or TC SPCMCA JA OJAG
YES NO YES NO YES NO YES NO X X X X
X X
X X
X X X X
X X
/ / / /
X X
/ / / /
X X
X X
/ / / /
X X
X X
X X
DD FORM 494, OCT 84, Page 4
OC2787
COURT—MARTIAL DATA SHEET
TC SPCMCA GCM or OJAG SECTION C COURT—MARTIAL ORDERS (CMO) JA
—
YES NO YES NO YES NO YES NO
47. Does the initial CM0 bear the same date as the action of the convening X X authority who published it?
48. Are all the orders convening the court which tried the case correctly cited / / / / in the CMO?
49. Are the accused's name, ranlc, SSN, unit/command name and branch of X X service correctly shown in the CMO?
50. Are all the charges and specifications (including amendments) upon which the X X accused was arraigned correctly shown in the CM0 (RCM 1114)?
51. Are the pleas, findings, and sentence correctly shown in the CMO X X (RCM 1114)?
52. Does the CM0 show the date the sentence was adjudged? X X
53. Is the action of the convening authority correctly shown in the CMO? X X
54. Is the CM0 properly authenticated (RCM 1114)? X X
55. REMARKS:
DD FORM 494, OCT 84, Page 5 o02188
COURT -MART IAL DATA S HE E T
_
55..
REMARKS (Continued):
.
Oa-
0.02 si 447:6 a-
-
56. TRIAL COUNSEL
a. TYPED NAME (Last, First, Middle Initial) b. RANK c. S GNATURE
d. DATE SIGNED
taliiiiiinallINNI WI 4:2 Le -.lax..0 5
57. CONVENING AUTHORITY OR HIS/HER REPRESE TATIVE
a. TYPED NAME (Last, First, Middle Initial) b. RANK c. SIGNATURE
d. DATE SIGNED
58. STAFF JUDGE ADVOCATE OF GENERAL COURT-MARTIAL CONVENING AUTHORITY OR REVIEWING JUDGE ADVOCATE
a. TYPED NAME (Last, First, Middle Initial) b. RANK c. GNATURE
d. DATE SIGNED
111111.11/01.11111111111
111111
146-05
59. ACTION IN THE OFFICE OF THE JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERAL
a.
ACTION:
b.
INDIVIDUAL COMPLETING DATA SHEET
(1) TYPED NAME (Last, First Middle Initial (2) RANK (3) SIGNATURE (4) DATE SIGNED •
DD FORM 494, OCT 84, Page 6
002789
2 0 0 4 0 9 7 3
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
Headquarters, III Corps
Victory Base, Iraq
APO AE 09342-1400
SPECIAL COURT-MARTIAL ORDER 18 January 2005
NUMBER 2
Specialist Armin J. Cruz, CA509).,-5 Headquarters and Headquarters Service
Company, 502d Military Intelligence Battalion, 504th Military Intelligence Brigade, III
Corps, Baghdad, Iraq, was arraigned at Victory Base on the following offenses at a
special court-martial convened by the Commander, III Corps.
Charge I: Article 81. Plea: Guilty. Finding: Guilty.
Specification: At or near Baghdad Central Confinement Facility, Abu Ghraib, Iraq, on or 02_
about 25 October 2003, conspire with Corporal UM Staff Sergeant'''.
Specialist 111111Specialist 1114, and others, to Commit an offence under the Uniform (5;(0S;
Code of Military Justice, to wit: maltreatment of subordinates, and in order to effect th —
e C7AC
'r
object of the conspiracy the said Corporalfiforces detainees to conduct vAlous physical exercises while the detainees were naked and the said SpecialistWpoured water on the detainees. Plea: Guilty. Finding: Guilty.
Charge II: Article 93. Plea: Guilty. Finding: Guilty.
Specification: At or near Baghdad Central Confinement Facility, Abu Ghraib, Iraq, on or about 25 October 2003, did maltreat several detainees, persons subject to his orders, by forcing naked detainees to crawl on the floor in such a manner as to cause the detainees' genitals to touch the floor and by handcuffing the said detainees to one another. Plea: Guilty. Finding: Guilty.
SENTENCE
Sentence was adjudged on 11 September 2004. To be reduced to the grade of Private (E-1); to be confined for 8 months and to be discharged with a bad-conduct discharge.
ACTION
The sentence is approved and, except for the part of the sentence extending to bad-conduct discharge, will be executed.
002790
2 o 0 4 0 9 7 3
SPCMO No. 2, DA, Headquarters, III Corps, Victory Base, Iraq, APO AE 09342-1400 dated 18 January 2005 (continued)
BY COMMAND OF LIEUTENANT GENERAL METZ:
taak (k(c) 2 160(c) -a-
DISTRIBUTION:
SPC Cruz (1) MAJ, JA
MJ, MI) Chief, Military Justice
TC, (1)
ATC, .111111111111111111(1)
CDC, MEM (1)
ADC, 4111111111111(1)
Cdr, HHSC, 502d MI Bn (1)
Cdr, 502d MI BN (1)
Cdr, 504th MI BDE (1)
Cdr, III Corps, ATTN: SJA (2)
Cdr, III Corps (1)
Cdr, Det D, 15th Fin Bn, ATTN: FAO (1)
Cdr, 15th PSB, ATTN: Records Section (1)
Cdr, USAEREC, ATTN: PCRE-FS, Indianapolis, IN 46249 (1)
Clerk of Court, ATTN: 901 N. Stuart St., Suite 1200, Arlington, VA 22203-1837 (10)
2
0 0279 1
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
Headquarters, III Corps
Victory Base, Iraq
APO AE 09342-1400
AFZF-CG JAN 1 82005
MEMORANDUM THRU
Commander, 504th Military Intelligence Brigade, III Corps, Victory Base, Iraq, APO AE 09342 Commander, 502d Military Intelligence Battalion, 504th Military Intelligence Brigade, III Corps, Victory Base, Iraq, APO AE 09342
Commander, Headquarters and Headquarters Service Company, 502d Military Intelligence Battalion, 504th Military Intelligence Brigade, III Corps, Victory Base, Iraq, APO AE 09342
FOR Specialist Armin J. Cruz, Og-rci-5"Headquarters and Headquarters Service Company, 502d Military Intelligence Battalion, 504th Military Intelligence Brigade, Ill Corps, Victory Base, Iraq, APO AE 09342
SUBJECT: Administrative Separation Under the Provisions of AR 635-200, Chapter 10
Action. Your request for discharge in lieu of court-martial under the provisions of AR 635-200, Chapter 10, is disapproved.
7)±
THOMAS F. METZ Lieutenant General, USA Commanding
002792
0 9 7 3
Mcd)-t1
(00
111111111•11111111
ATTORNtY AT LAW' .
41111111111111.111111111MOMMOMMINIMW
0.01111111.00101.01111111 411•111111111111111111101111MINI
1111•1111111M11¦1111111111111111111111110
December 1, 2004
Commander Ill Corps Victory Base, Iraq APO AE 09342-1400
SUBJECT: Request for Discharge in Lieu of Approving Court-Martial Sentence— SPC Armin J Cruz, (4)c..(710-S Headquarters and Headquarters Service Company, 502nd Military Intelligence Battalion, 504th Military Intelligence Brigade, III Corps, Victory Base, Iraq
1.
I, SPC Armin J Cruz, hereby voluntarily request discharge in lieu of trial by court-martial under AR 635-200, chapter 10. I understand that I may request discharge in lieu of trial by court-martial because of the charges whith wete preferred against me under the Uniform Code of Military Justice, one of which or a conabination of which authorizes the imposition of a bad conduct or dishonorable discharge:
2.
I am making this request of my own free will and have not been subjected to any coercion whatsoever by any person. I have been advised of the implications that are attached to it. By submitting this request for discharge, I acknowledge that I understand the elements of the offenses charged, which also authorize the imposition of a bad conduct or dishonorable discharge. Moreover, I hereby state that under no circumstances do I desire further rehabilitation, for I have no desire to perform further military service.
3.
Prior to completing this form, I have been afforded the opportunity to consult with appointed counsel for consultation. I have consulted with counsel for consultation who has fully advised me of the nature of my rights under the Unifonn Code of Military Justice, the elements of the offenses with which I am charged, any relevant lesser included offenses thereto, and the facts which must be established by competent evidence beyond a reasonable doubt to sustain a finding of guilty; the possible defenses which appear to be available at this time; and the maximum permissible punishment in my case. Although he has famished me legal advice, this decision is my own.
4.
I understand that, if my request for discharge is accepted, I may be discharged under conditions other than honorable. I have been advised and understand the possible effects of an Under Other Than Honorable Discharge (including but not limited to reduction to the lowest
002793
2004097
enlisted grade (Private E-1) by operation of law) and that, as a result of the issuance of such a
discharge, I will be deprived of many or all Army benefits, that I may be ineligible for many or
all benefits administered by the Veterans Administration, and that I may be deprived of my rights and benefits as a veteran under both Federal and State law, as indicated on a copy of DA Poster 635-1, which was provided me). I also understand that I may expect to encounter substantial prejudice in civilian life because of an Under Other Than Honorable Discharge. I further understand that there is no automatic upgrading nor review by any Goverm-nent agency of a less than honorable discharge and that I must apply to the Army Discharge Review Board or the An-ny Board of Corrections of Military Records if I wish review of my discharge. I realize that the act of consideration by either board does not imply that my discharge will be upgaded.
5.
I understand that, once my request for discharge is submitted, it may be withdrawn only with consent of the commander exercising general court-martial authority, or without that commander's consent, in the event trial results in an acquittal or the sentence does not include a punitive discharge even though one could have been adjudged by the court. Should my trial result in either an acquittal or should my sentence not include a punitive discharge even though one could have been adjudged by the court, I hereby withdraw this request. Further, I understand that if I depart absent without leave, this request may be processed and I may be discharged even though I am absent.
6.
I have been advised that I may submit statements I desire in my own behalf, which will accompany my request for discharge. A statement in my own behalf is submitted with this request.
7.
I hereby acknowledge receipt of a copy of this request for discharge, with enclosure.
6.?
ARMINJ CRUZ SP C'',
L;U:S . Army
002794
2
2,0040973
DOD-046820
Having been advised by me of:
a.
The basis for his contemplated trial by court-martial and the maximum permissible punishment authorized under the Uniform Code of Military Justice;
b.
The possible effects of an Under Other Than Honorable Discharge if this request is approved (including but not limited to reduction to the lowest enlisted grade (Private E-1) by operation of law and the loss of benefits administered by both the Army and other Federal agencies as indicated on a copy of DA Poster 635-1, which was provided to the soldier);. and
c. The procedures and rights available to him;
SPC Armin J Cruz, personally made the choices indicated in the foregoing request for discharge in lieu of trial by court-martial.8
1116*,)(*)
Civilian Defense Counsel
002795
3
2 0 0 4 0 9 7 3
AFZF-JA-MJ JAN - 1 2005
MEMORANDUM FOR Commander, Ill Corps, Victory Base, Iraq, APO AE 09342-1400
SUBJECT: Addendum to Post-Trial Recommendation in the Court-Martial of the United States v. Specialist Armin J. Cruz Headquarters and Headquarters Service Company, 502d Military Intelligence Battalion, 504th Military Intelligence Brigade, Ill Corps, Victory Base, Iraq - ACTION MEMORANDUM
„
.
1.
Purpose. To forward a petition for clemency submitted by Specialist Armin J. Cruz, under the provisions of Rules for Courts-Martial (RCM) 1105 and 1106, through his defense counsel. The matters submitted by Specialist Cruz, through his defense counsel, are enclosed. Pursuant to RCM 1107, you must consider the defense submission prior to taking action.
2.
Discussion. On 11 November 2004, I signed the post-trial recommendation in this case and directed that the document be served on Specialist Cruz's defense counsel for comment. The defense counsel asserts no legal errors.
3.
Clemency Request. Specialist Cruz and his defense counsel have requested that you disapprove his bad-conduct discharge and approve the request for a Chapter 10.
4.
Recommendation. In accordance with RCM 1106, I have carefully considered the enclosed matters. In my opinion, clemency is not warranted. I adhere to the previous recommendation that you approve the sentence as adjudged. An action to accomplish this is enclosed.
kftle (6)(00\0'
Encl Defense Counsel Submission COL, JA with Enclosures Staff Judge Advocate
002796
2 0 0 4 0 9 7 3
8 NOV 11 2C04
AFZF-JA-MJ --
MEMORANDUM FOR Commander, III Corps, Victory Base, Iraq, APO AE 09342-1400
SUBJECT: Post-Trial Recommendation in the Court-Martial of the United States v. Specialist Armin J. Cruz,49-4:1.0- . Headquarters and Headquarters Service Company, 502nd Military Intelligence Battalion, 504th Military Intelligence Brigade, III Corps, Victory Base, Iraq — ACTION MEMORANDUM
1.
Purpose. To obtain action in the special court-martial of the United States v. Specialist Armin J. Cruz.
2.
Recommendation. Approve the sentence as adjudged and, except for the part of the sentence extending to bad-conduct discharge, order the sentence executed.
3.
Discussion. Pursuant to RCM 1104(e) and 1106, the record of trial in the United States v. Specialist Armin J. Cruz has been referred to me for my recommendation prior to your action. Forwarded herewith is a copy of the court-martial record of trial.
a.
Trial: On 11 September 2004, the accused was tried by a special court-martial.
b.
Summary of the Charges, Specifications, Pleas, and Findings:
ART CHARGE UCMJ SPEC GIST OF OFFENSE PLEA FINDING
G
818The8Did, at or near Baghdad Central G8Confinement Facility, Abu Ghraib, Iraq, on or about 25 October (WS_ 2003, conspire with CPL1111111111.
Lb%) ;
SSG ffirieSPC.SPC aft and others, to commit an offense under the Uniform Code of Military Justice, to wit: maltreatment of subordinates, and in order to effect the object of the conspiracy the said CPLjeforced detainees to conduct various physical exercises while the detaineeuvere naked and the said SPCNpoured water
on the detainees.
002797
2 0 0 4 0 9 7 3
AFZF-JA-MJ SUBJECT: Post-Trial Recommendation in the Court-Martial of the United States v. Specialist Armin J. Cruz, ,ht.,)-5;(1x0_5` Headquarters and Headquarters Service Company, 502nd Military Intelligence Battalion, 504th Military Intelligence Brigade, III Corps, Victory Base, Iraq -- ACTION MEMORANDUM
ART CHARGE UCMJ SPEC GIST OF OFFENSE PLEA FINDING
93 The At or near Baghdad Central
Confinement Facility, Abu Ghraib,
Iraq, on or about 25 October
2003, did maltreat several
detainees, persons subject to his
orders, by forcing naked detainees
to crawl on the floor in such a
manner that as to cause the
detainees' genitals to touch the
floor and by handcuffing the said
detainees to one another.
c. Sentence Adjudged: To be reduced to the grade of Private (E-1), to be confined for eight months, and to be discharged with a bad-conduct discharge.
d. Pretrial Confinement: None.
e. Pretrial Agreement: The convening authority agrees to refer case to special court-martial empowered to adjudge a bad-conduct discharge.
f. Personal Data of the Accused:
(1)
Date and Term of Current Service::
(2)
Date of Birth:
(3)
Awards and Decorations:
(4)
Nonjudicial Punishment or Previous Convictions:
(5)
Dependents:
(6)
G T Score:
(7)
MOS:
002798
2 20040b73
DOD-046824
AFZF-JA-MJ SUBJECT: Post-Trial Recommendation in the Court-Martial of the United States v. Specialist Armin J. Cruz, --, Headquarters and Headquarters Service Company, 502nd Military Intelligence Battalion, 504th Military Intelligence Brigade, III Corps, Victory Base, Iraq -- ACTION MEMORANDUM
(8)
BASD:
(9)
PEBD:
(10)
Additional information concerning the character of the accused's service is located in the Record of Trial.
g.
Discretion of the Convening Authority: As the convening authority, you may approve, disapprove, set aside, or modify the findings of the court-martial. You may also approve, disapprove, commute, or suspend the sentence in whole or in part, in accordance with the pretrial agreement. Such action may be taken in the interests of justice, discipline, mission requirements, clemency, or any other appropriate reason. The action to be taken is matter of command prerogative and lies within your sole discretion.
h.
Service on the Accused and Counsel: This memorandum will be served on the defense counsel for comment before action.
4. Point of contact for this action is the undersigned at DSN 318 822-2500.
kai6b0/0)--'
COL, JA Staff Judge Advocate
002799
3
2 0 0 4 0 9 7 3 DOD-046825
UNITED STATES SERVICE OF POST TRIAL
v.
RECOMMENDATION AND A Specialist CRUZ, Armin J.,
. Headquarters and POST TRIAL RECORD ON Headquarters Service Company, 502d Military Intelligence Battalion, 504th DEFENSE COUNSEL Military Intelligence Brigade, Ill Corps, Victory Base, Iraq, APO AE 09342-1400
In accordance with R.C.M. 1105 and 1106, Manual for Court-Martial, 2002, a copy of the Post-Trial Recommendation and a copy of the Record of Trial in the case of
U.S. v. CRUZ attached for your examination. If you have any rebuttal, comments, corrections or other matters you wish to be considered by the Convening Authority before he takes action, submit them in writing to the Staff Judge Advocate, III Corps, Victory Base, Iraq, within 10 days of service.
UMW NCOIC, Criminal Law Division
CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE
I acknowledge receipt of a copy of the Post Trial Recommendation and a copy of the Record of Trial in the case of U.S. v. CRUZ. I understand that I have an opportunity to rebut, correct, or challenge any matter I deem erroneous, inadequate or misleading, or to comment on any other matter, and that my comments will be appended to the Post Trial Recommendation. If I have matters that I wish the Convening Authority to consider, or matters in response to the Staff Judge Advocate's recommendation, such matters must be submitted within 10 days after the accused or I receive a copy of the Record of Trial or the accused and/or I receive the recommendation of the Staff Judge Advocate, whichever occurs later. Upon my request, the Convening Authority may extend this period, for good cause, for not more than an additional 20 days. If I am unable to complete this within 10 days, I will provide, within that time, a request for delay in submitting the Record of Trial to the Convening Authority for action. I also acknowledge,that failure to provide any reply or request for delay within 10 days will normally be deemed a waiver of any error in the
oco(ii(v)-q
111¦00
Civilian Defense Counsel
0) 611(
(date)
002800
2004097'3
11¦111111111111111111111 0P,Cv-g
ATTORNEY AT LAW
Iii¦INIMM •
esirom meemiggill¦mw
immed¦•••=10
lefilwaistimmar~soramouprirri
December 11, 2004
Lieutenant General Thomas F. Metz Commander, III Corps Victory Base, Iraq
SUBJECT: Supplemental Materials for Post-Trial Submissions, US v. Armin J. Cruz
Dear LTG Thomas F. Metz:
Enclosed please find, as a supplement to the other enclosed materials, a recommendation for clemency fi-om MAJ8 the prosecutor in SPC Cruz's court-martial. Thank you for your attention in this matter.
L Your tnily,
ei i(V)Ly
111111110111M1
Enclosure
002801
11 December 2004
MEMORANDUM FOR Commander, Multi-National Corps-lraq and Corps
SUBJECT: Recommendation for Clemency for Private Armin J. Cruz
1. respectfully submit the following points for your consideration with regard to this
case. 1 was the prosecutor for this soldier's trial.
a.
Private Cruz knowingly and voluntarily committed the acts of abuse for which he pled guilty. Those actions did in fact tarnish the reputation of the Army and the United States. He acted in conceit with several other individuals to conunit these acts.
b.
Prior to committing the abuses for which he pled guilty, Private Cruz was involved in a mortar attack his FOB. During the attack, Private Cruz attended te other wounded soldiers though he was hirtiself Wounded. Private Cruz also witn.essed his close friend and immediate supervisor die in hi.s arms as a result of this attack. Afterwards, Private Cruz had difficulty dealing with the experience and requested that he be allowed to seek professional help on his day off. This request was denied. (Se,e Record of Trial, p. 10°-101, 117-118). Thestnificance of this chain of events is that believe Private Cmz's decision to abuse detainees was appreciably influenced. by the significant, untreated, mental stress borne by the soldier at the time.
c.
With regard to Private Cruz's background, have carefully reviewed letters submitted 011 behalf of the soldier as well as the soldier's civilian and military records. have also interviewed a number of individuals who know Private Cruz. My professional assessment is that prior to the mortar attack, Private Cruz's life was marked by distinction, by genuine selfless-service to others, and by honorable conduct.
d.
Following his court-martial and while in confinement, Private Cruz reported to me through his attorney an incident of inmate abuse by a military police guard. believe that given the circumstances, Private Cruz demonstrated courage in reporting this incident.
3. Based on the above referenced facts, recommend that clemency in some form be granted. Thank you for considering these comments.
,6,(4) If/KO I
MAJ, JA
002802
2 0 0 4 a 9 3
DOD-046828
INII¦0111111hems
6,6)Y;(7X01 wi¦•••
aIATLAw •8 (
December 8, 2004
Lieutenant General Thomas F. Metz
Commander, III Corps
Victory Base, Iraq
SUBJECT: Post-Trial Submissions, Request for Chapter 10 Discharge, US v. Armin J. Cruz, SPC, U.S. Army, (hte)2 ,t.1 7g)- 2. Headquarters and Headquarters Service Company, 502nd Military Intelligence Battalion, 504th Military Intelligence Brigade, III Corps, Victory Base, Iraq
Introduction
Thank you for the opportunity of presenting this information on behalf of SPC Armin J. Cruz. I acknowledge that this material is lengthy, but I respectfully request that you read my summary and view the brief video statement of SPC Cruz's parents. (See enclosed DVD).
This packet catalogues the evidence for SPC Cruz's superlative moral character. There are over forty letters, military and civilian, from people attesting to the values that SPC Cruz has demonstrated to them tluough his actions—generosity, bravery, loyalty, integrity, humility, work ethic, professionalism, discipline, and superior competence. (See enclosed Good Soldier packet). To be plain, SPC Cruz is the "real deal." He is the friend that never lets you down, the son that parent's dream to have, and the Soldier that personifies the mission and values of the United States Army.
The incident at Abu Ghraib represents a departure from the nature and quality of SPC Cruz's character rather than an example of it. The materials and testimony presented at trial clearly demonstrate a consistent pattern of good behavior fi-om a good person. If one were to extrapolate from this incident a conclusion as to the nature and quality of SPC Cruz's character as one that is poor, one would certainly fail to accurately assess his moral worth as a man and Soldier. Please judge SPC Cruz's actions in context, that is, against the background of facts and evidence that depict his heroism, service to others, and dedication to duty. If you do this, I think you will likely agree that his mistake at Abu Ghraib does not define his character—it contradicts it I submit to you that SPC Cruz's superlative character has earned him consideration for a Chapter 10 discharge in lieu of Court-martial.
Summary
For your convenience, I have summarized the information contained in the Good Soldier packet, testimony given during sentencing, and have included additional character reference letters.
1. In his enclosed personal statement and testimony at trial, SPC Cruz unequivocally takes full responsibility for his behavior in the incident (See Enclosed letter from SPC Cruz): 8
002803
2 0 0 4 0
3
"I want to ensure that the intent of my statement is clear. I accept full and
complete responsibility for my actions...I apologize to the detainees. (Trial
Transcript (TT) p. 124)
2. SPC Cruz is a good man and a distinguished Soldier.
A.Civilian life.
SPC Ow is a first-generation American born into a military family; his father is a
USMA graduate. (Class of 1977). As a civilian, SPC Cruz lived a moral life, a large part
of which was in service to others. SPC Cruz is a former elementary school director for
Boys and Girls Club of8a site founder and assistant director for -._810) ..C;
School District after-school program, and a former head lifeguard for ( _
certified by the Red Cross as a lifeguard and swim instructor. (See Good Soldier packet).
B.Military service prior to the incident.
He joined as an enlisted soldier rather than tlu-ough ROTC, although eligible to do so. He volunteered for activation and deployment to Iraq. (TT p. 108). SPC Cruz was approved for a Bronze Star by LTG Thomas F. Metz for performance of duty during Operation Iraqi Freedom fi-om 11 April 2003 to 15 November 2003. (See "Awards," Good Soldier packet). He was awarded the Purple Heart for multiple shrapnel wounds received as a result of enemy action in a mortar attack at Abu Ghraib. (See "Awards," Good Soldier packet). Although wounded, he came to the aid of SSGIMIX(See enclosed letter fi-om SSG8He also came to the aid of fellow soldier, friend, and mentor SGT*Malt who was mortally wounded. (TT p. 97-99). After the mortar attack, he requested assistance from a Combat Stress Team but he was denied this assistance. (TT p. 100 – 101).
C. His actions during the incident.
SPC Cruz's limited acts are distinguishable in severity from those of other Soldiers and
his culpability is not equivalent to that of other Soldiers involved in the incident for the
following reasons stated in the Stipulation of Fact (SOF) and trial transcript:
1.
The incident started before he got there and continued after he left. (SOF p. 2).
2.
He was told that the detainees had raped a boy. (SOF p. 3).
3.
The abuse was not directed or orchestrated by him. (TT p. 34).
4.
He did not enjoy it—he did not laugh, smile, or have his picture taken. (SOF p. 4).
5.
He questioned his and the group's actions. (TT p. 44).
6.
He pointed out a detainee's wound to the MP and then left the area. (TT p. 35).
7.
He reported the incident the next day. (TT p. 118).
8.
He was there only one hour and did not participate for that entire hour. (SOF p. 3).
D. Military service following the incident, but while SPC Cruz was unaware of the
allegations and investigation.
go it 0(0 4
SPC Cruz suffered and continues to suffer fi-om post-traumatic stress disorder. (See TT
p. 117-118 & Enclosed letter from 1.111111111,PC). Regardless, he still performed
2
20040973
DOD-046830
PLEASE NOTE THAT THERE IS A BATES STAMPING ERROR
BETWEEN BATES NUMBERS 2805 - 2816
THERE ARE NO PAGES ASSOCIATED WITH THESE BATES
NUMBERS
o)5so'i A
DOD-046831
his duty at the highest levels of dedication and competence. From November 2003 to / March 2004, he worked for SSG111.1.111101.in the JIDC at Abu Ghraib. SSG
.40.2:10a)2'' -.1011.1111111, stated SPC Cruz was "my right hand man. SPC Cruz's attitude and work ethic were amazing... [SPC Cruz] was and is an outstanding analyst and soldier...was one of my best soldiers...will have no problems with his rehabilitation...anyone who was close to him will tell you the same. SPC Cruz is a soldier who has definitely separated himself from the rest...was by far one of the best soldiers with whom I have ever had the privilege of working." (See Stipulation of Expected Testimony).
In January 2004, SPC Cruz flew to Dallas for 15 days leave. He was given the last available seat on the plane, which was in first class. After having been in Iraq for the better part of nine months, SPC Cruz, true to his moral character, gave his seat to an elderly gentleman on the flight in exchange for the man's coach seat. (See letter from Mr. .111111116). Even in such an ordinary, everyday moment, SPC Cruz is thinking of
go/ others. In fact, SPC Cruz never told me of this incident. I only learned of it when Mr.
00'3 e-mailed me after he saw SPC Cruz's case in the news.
E. Military service following the incident and while SPC Cruz was aware of the allegations and investigation.
C-bNZ1C7k) 2
According to the testimony of CPT 8Headquarters Service Company, 502" MI Battalion, SPC Cruz continued to "soldier on" even under the uncomfortable circumstance of being investigated. He stated: "[SPC Cruz] did an excellent job...He is very well disciplined... [How does Specialist Cruz treat his superiors?]...With dignity and respect; it's never wavering... [So, how would you describe his military bearing overall?]...excellent... [His attitude?]... Professional." (TT p. 79 — 81).
(40 10):07.-
SFC MI also worked with SPC Cruz during this time: "[SPC Cruz]...did all the tasks that we would give him in an outstanding fashion. Everything he did he took some kind of initiative to either make sure it got done or improve...on what we expected...he was an outstanding soldier. (TT p. 69 — 75).
la6)_?0,0 -
SFC8lestates: "[SPC Cruz] always executed his duties very professionally...he always tries to improve things rather than just go with what's already happening...he's always stepped up." (TT p. 84 — 87).
F. While in confinement.
SPC Cruz continues to comport himself according to the highest moral and military standards. He is now classified with a status of minimum security/trustee. This status is not easily awarded nor ea-rned.
Conclusion
It does not serve the Army's interest to give SPC Cruz a Bad Conduct Discharge because he possesses a superior potential for rehabilitation. I urge you to consider SPC Cruz as a Soldier and person who has always sought to be the best he can be and of the'most benefit to those around him. Please consider granting his request for a Chapterl 0 Discharge in lieu of Court-martial or grant him any other relief you deem appropriate. Thank you for your consideration.
3 /..TsaQo
2004097'3
DOD-046832
`1, (7)8-
-
Enclosures
1.
DVD
2.
Good Soldier packet
3.
November 16, 2004 statement by SPC Cruz
4.
Request for Chapter 10
5. Letter from SSG'S" —ROO-) -(7-tC)-2
6.
Letter fron11111.1.1111111111116 LPCMO
7.
Letter fromilIMINIM c6,8,)3;(7[03
8.
Letter from 81/10/11110 (ND'Or./X,q-
4
2 0 0
o 9 T 3
48Vi4:4;tr;
REMOVED BATES PAGES 2819 - 2893
(RECORD OF TRIAL - SPC ARMIN J. CRUZ)
(75 TOTAL PAGES)
DOCUMENTS CONSIST OF PERSONAL LETTERS WRITTEN TO THE
CONVENING AUTHORITY BY FAMILY AND FRIENDS ON BEHALF
OF SPC CRUZ AND OTHER RECORDS CONTAINING PRIVATE
INFORMATION, WHICH WERE DETERMINED TO BE
NONRESPONSIVE TO PLAINTIFF'S FOIA REQUEST
OAtt i:1)(c)1
.2sZ I S A
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
Headquarters, III Corps
Victory Base, Iraq
APO AE 09342-1400
AFZF-CG
JAN 1 8 2005
MEMORANDUM THRU
Commander, 504th Military Intelligence Brigade, III Corps, Victory Base, Iraq, APO AE 09342 Commander, 502d Military Intelligence Battalion, 504th Military Intelligence Brigade, III Corps, Victory Base, Iraq, APO AE 09342
Commander, Headquarters and Headquarters Service Company, 502d Military Intelligence Battalion, 504th Military Intelligence Brigade, III Corps, Victory Base, Iraq, APO AE 09342
(6.&z Pk) -z-
FOR Specialist Armin J. Cruz, 111.111111111 Headquarters and Headquarters Service Company, 502d Military Intelligence Battalion, 504th Military Intelligence Brigade, III Corps, Victory Base, Iraq, APO AE 09342
SUBJECT: Action on Matters Submitted Pursuant to Rules for Courts-Martial 1105 & 1106
I personally reviewed and considered all post-trial matters submitted by your defense counsel before taking action in this case.
7AJ1-)ly
THOMAS F. METZ Lieutenant General, USA Commanding
G02594
2 0 4 0 9 -
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
Headquarters, III Corps
Victory Base, Iraq
APO AE 09342-1400
REPLY TO
ATTENTION OF
AFZF-JA-MJ
(.46))-(117))-(i8
ell.1111111111.111.,
SUBJECT: Request for Delay for submitting R.C.M. 1105 Matters in United States v. Specialist Armin J. Cruz, Headquarters and Headquarters Service Company, 502d Military Intelligence Battalion, 504th Military Intelligence Brigade, Ill Corps, Victory Base, Iraq
Your request for delay, dated 15 November 2004, is hereby granted until 11 December 2004.
011111111Vg)
LTC, JA Acting Staff Judge Advocate tioo OH
G62895
. 0 0 40 9 7 3
Page 1 of 1
U,,,(‘)2 '4,7(c)
MNC-I OSJA DET OPS
From: 1110=111111M-(.9(6) -;(7)(9
Sent: Monday, November 15, 2004 19:39
To:
Subject: RE: US v. Cruz 1105
SSG MIMS Ck6)2--;(.1t ) -2-
Please find attached the Certificate of Service. I would like to request an additional 20 days. I will mail the 1105 matters since I would like to include a short DVD statement from my client's family for the CG. It will be a different statement than the one presented at trial. I assume that the post mark date must be within the filing deadline not when you actually receive it. Also, what is the best to get it to you?
Thanks,
1111.11111111011111 Attorney at Law
8Original Message8 From: Sent: Sunday, November 14, 2004 12:53 AM
(610 -#10) tc)
Subjeci: US-v. Cruz 1105
Sir, I just wanted to follow up with you on whether or not you have receive the SJA post-trial recommendation on Cruz in order to submit his clemency maters. Couls you respond to let me know if this is a correct e-mail.
COA.896
11/16/2004
V
PRETRIAL ALLIED PAPERS 602897
_
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
Headquarters, Ill Corps
Victory Base, Iraq
APO AE 09342-1400
SEP 5 2004
AFZF-CG
MEMORANDUM FOR Staff Judge Advocate
SUBJECT: Disposition of the Court-Martial Charges Preferred Against Specialist Armin
J. Cruz
The recommendations of the Staff Judge Advocate are approved. The attached charges and their specifications are referred to a special court-martial empowered to adjudge a bad conduct discharge convened by Court-Martial Convening Order Number 2, dated 14 January 2004, as amended by Court-Martial Convening Order Number 6, dated 24 July 2004.
THOMAS F. METZ Lieutenant General, USA Commanding
CO2898
AFZF-JA -MJ SEP 5 2004
MEMORANDUM FOR Commander, III Corps, Victory Base, Iraq, APO AE 09342-1400
SUBJECT: Advice on Disposition of the Court-Martial Charges Preferred Against Specialist Armin J. Cruz om, iltol" —ACTION MEMORANDUM
1. Purpose. To forward for disposition, in accordance with Rule for Court-Martial (RCM) 407, the court-martial charges against Specialist Armin J. Cruz, Headquarters and Headquarters Service Company, 502 Military Intelligence Battalion, 504th Military Intelligence Brigade, Ill Corps, Victory Base, Iraq, APO AE 09342.
2. Recommendations.
a.
Chain of Command. As reflected on the attached transmittal of court-martial charges memoranda, the soldier's company commander, battalion commander and brigade commander recommended referral to a general court-martial.
b.
Article 32 investigation. The accused conditionally waived the Article 32 on 4 September 2004.
c.
Staff Judge Advocate. Pursuant to the offer to plead guilty, I recommend you refer the attached charges and their specifications to a special court-martial empowered to adjudge a bad conduct discharge, pursuant to RCM 601, and refer the case to trial by Court-Martial Convening Order Number 2, dated 14 January 2004, as amended by Court-Martial Convening Order Number 6, dated 24 July 2004.
3. Staff Judge Advocate Review. In accordance with RCM 406 and Article 34, Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ), I have reviewed the attached charges and supporting documentation. It is my legal conclusion that:
a.
The specifications allege offenses under the UCMJ;
b.
The allegations of the offenses are warranted by the evidence indicated in the attached documentation; and
c.
The court-martial will have jurisdiction over the accused and the offenses alleged.
4. POC is CPT MEW at
Encls
1.
Charge Sheet COL, JA
2.
Court-IVIartial Charges Transmittal Staff Judge Advocate
3.
Allied Documents CO2899
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
Headquarter, 504th Military Intelligence Brigade
Task Force Ready
APO AE 09342
REPLY TO
ATTENTION OF:
AFVQ-CDR 4 September 2004
MEMORANDUM FOR Commander, Ill Corps, Victory Base, Iraq APO AE 09342
SUBJECT: Transmittal of Court-Martial Charges — United States V. Specialist Armin J. Cruz
1.
I have reviewed the attached court-martial charges, and allied documents against Specialist Armin J. Cruz,C447..A.,.)-7, Headquarters and Headquarters Service Company, 502nd Military Intelligence Battalion, 504th Military Intelligence Brigade, Victory Base, Iraq APO AE 09342.
2.
I recommend trial by:
( ) Summary Court-Martial
( ) Special Court-Martial
( ) Special Court-Martial empowered to adjudge a Bad Conduct Discharge
Alfteneral Court-Martial
A0)4
Encls nc OL, Commanding
GO2900
AFZH-MIE-CDR 4 September 2004
MEMORANDUM THRU Commander, 504th Military Intelligence Brigade, III Corps, Victory Base, Iraq APO AE 09342.
FOR Commander, Ill Corps, Victory Base, Iraq APO AE 09342
SUBJECT: Transmittal of Court-Martial Charges — United States V. Specialist Armin J. Cruz
1.
I have reviewed the attached court-martial charges, and allied documents against Specialist Armin J. Cruz, (p4,)-2-0t0-7, Headquarters and Headquarters Service Company, 502nd Military Intelligence Battalion, 504th Military Intelligence Brigade, Victory Base, Iraq APO AE 09342.
2.
I recommend trial by:
( ) Summary Court-Martial
( ) Special Court-Martial
( ) Special Court-Martial empowered to adjudge a Bad Conduct Discharge
irGeneral Court-Martial
. (KO Z-i
Encls nc M J, MI mmanding
G 0 2901
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
HEADQUARTERS, 502D MILITRY INTELLIGENCE BATTALION
TASK FORCE RAINIER
APO AE 09342
REPLY TO
ATTENTION OF:
AFZH-MIE (600-20) 1 September 2004
MEMORANDUM FOR SEE DISTRIBUTION
SUBJECT: Assumption of Command By Authority of 2-8a
The undersigned assumes command of 502d Military Intelligence Battalion, APO AE 09342 (WBVEAA), effective 0001 hours 1 September 2004.
i(3)@, "2
MI g Commander
DISTRIBUTION: 1 — 504th MI Bde 1 - A Co 1 — B Co 1 — C Co(P)
-HHSC
C 0 29 0 2
AFZH-HHSC-CDR 4 September 2004
MEMORANDUM THRU Commander, 504th Military Intelligence Brigade, Ill Corps, Victory Base, Iraq APO AE 09342.
FOR Commander, Ill Corps, Victory Base, Iraq APO AE 09342
SUBJECT: Transmittal of Court-Martial Charges — United States V. Specialist Armin J. Cruz
1.
I have reviewed the attached court-martial charges, and allied documents against Specialist Armin J. Cruz,WI'itniaL Headquarters and Headquarters Service Company, 502nd Military Intelligence Battalion, 504th Military Intelligence Brigade, Victory Base, Iraq APO AE 09342.
2.
I recommend trial by: ( ) Summary Court-Martial ( ) Special Court-Martial ( ) Special Court-Martial empowered to adjudge a Bad Conduct Discharge
(X) General Court-Martial
1111. Uta)zio)krs-)2_
Encls nc CPT, MI Commanding
ei-s.n014()3
tutJA,v‘-,
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
CONDITIONAL WAIVER OF
v. PRETRIAL INVESTIGATION UNDER
ARTICLE 32, UCMJ CRUZ, Armin J. SPC, U.S. Armdy, (gtaz Ka) 4 September 2004 SVC Co., 502n MI BN, 504th MI BDE APO AE 09342
I, SPC ARMIN J. CRUZ, the accused in the above styled case, hereby conditionally waive an Article 32 investigation in this case, provided that this case is referred to a special court-martial authorized to adjudge a bad-conduct discharge. In the event this case is not referred to a special court-martial authorized to adjudge a bad-conduct discharge, I shall retain the right to have an Article 32 investigation conducted prior to referral to a general court-martial.
This decision has been made after full consultation with my defense counsel. I understand and have had explained to me the purpose of the Article 32 investigation under
R.C.M. 405.
I understand that no charge against me may be tried at a general court-martial without first being investigated at an Article 32 investigation unless I waive that investigation. I understand that I have a right to have that investigation and to have a fair and impartial officer inquire into the truth of the matters charged and to obtain information on which to recommend a disposition of my case.
I understand that I would have the right to be present at the Article 32 hearing and to be represented by counsel at that hearing. I understand that I would have the right to call witnesses, cross-examine government witnesses, and present documents for the investigating officer to consider. I understand that I would have the right to provide an unsworn statement or sworn testimony at the investigation, or I can choose not to testify at all.
I understand that I would have the right to attempt to have the investigating officer recommend a disposition of the charges other than a trial by general court-martial.
Knowing these rights, I freely and willingly conditionally waive the Article 32 investigation in my case upon the terms and conditions set forth above.
Most
3iVeri. CRUZ
Defense Counsel , U.S. ARMY
Accused
002904
27°MpaZYL2004
ATZM-DPS-C — °I 24-(14.4.4
012-Q
frxcelo tat) 40it-d
MEMORANDUM FOR RECORD AO ptc)
SUBJECT: Statement of SGT8Headquarters and Headquarters Company, Garrison Fort Lee, Virginia
1. My name is SGT 111111¦1111M, Headquarters and Headquarters Company, Garrison Fort Lee, Virginia. On 24 September 2001, I was assigned to 352"d MP Company, 220th MP Brigade, Gaithersburg, Maryland, On 23 February 2003, I was involuntarily transferred to 37rd MP Company, Cumberland, Maryland. On 24 February 2003, my unit was mobilized and on 27 February 2004, I arrived at Fort Lee, Virginia. On 16 May 2003, members of 372"d MP Company deployed from Fort Lee, Virginia to Camp Arifjan, Kuwait. I remained at Fort Lee in order to undergo surgery. On 21 September 2003, after the surgery, I deployed from Fort Lee and arrived at Camp Arifjan, Kuwait. On 30 September 2003, I left Camp Arifjan and on 1 October 2003, I arrived at the Baghdad Correctional Facility (BCF/Abu Ghreib). I was assigned to 3rd platoon of 372nd MP Company. My duty assignment was Team Leader. My missions included escort of detainees from BCF to various courts in Baghdad, as well as escorts of VIPs and contractors. My quarters were located at 3rd platoon building, approximately 400 meters away from the BCF hard-site. I was not.aetailed to conduct any missions at the BCF hard-site.
(40-4-tfiC)
2.
During the la week of October at approximately 2200 hours I went over to the BCF hard-site
in order to spe with SPC Oa my driver. I found SPC lig at Tier lA speaking with his
cellmate, CPL8. When I approached Tier IA, I observed two (2) service members (the
first servIce member wore black PT shorts, brown t-shirt, and shower shoes; the second service
member wore DCU pants and brown t-shirt). I perceived both service members to be military
intelligence (MI). I saw both MI soldiers handcuff two (2) naked Iraqi detainees to the bars of
cells on opposite sides. I then witnessed the same MI soldiers handcuff the detainees together,
face to face. The MI soldier dressed in black PT shorts and brown t-shirt approached me and
asked me in a sarcastic tone of voice: "Do you think we crossed the line?" or words to that effect.
I responded: "I am not sure, you are MI" or words to that effect. The MI soldier then stated that
they were interrogating 2 detainees and said: "We know what we are doing," or words to that
effect.
3.
Subsequently, both MI soldiers walked back to the detainees, separated them, and then re-
cuffed them to the bars. The MI soldier wearing PT shorts tapped one of the detainees on his
buttocks with a plastic water bottle. Then both MI soldiers re-cuffed the detainees together.
Throughout this incident, both MI soldiers, via an interpreter, ordered the detainees to confess. ,., 8v-
When the detainees failed to cooperate, both MI soldiers yelled at them and ordered CPL 0111111111{/V?-4)
to yell at the detainees. At this time another MI soldier (wearing DCU pants and brown t-shirt)
came in and the others seemed to look to him with respect and sought his approval. I asked him:
"Is this how you interrogate detainees?" or words to that effect. The MI soldier responded "there
are different ways to get it done," or words to that effect. The MI soldiers escorted the naked
detainees around Tier 1A.
Ei 15.7
062905
age OA 2,ateJ -
&eV- *0 owe"). 012,4-04-(4002.2.
—
ATZM-DPS-C
SUBJECT: Statement of SGT111111111.11111., Headquarters and Headquarters Company, Garrison Fort Lee, Virginia
4. One of the MI soldiers pointed to the naked detainees and said, "These are the people who raped a little boy," or words to that effect. Then SSG..., I believe, escorted a third detainee to Tier 1A. SSG IOW said that this detainee assisted in the rape by holding down the victim. One of the MI soldiers then told the third detainee to get undressed like the other two. The new detainee refused. The MI soldiers proceeded to yell at the detainee. Then, one of
/the MI soldiers ordered CPL all to tell the detainee to get undressed. The third detaineeby/IN , undressed after CPL OM yelled at him. Then the MI soldiers ordered all three detainees to low -7,,-,13 crawl on the floor. When the detainees attempted to arch up, two of the MI soldiers put pressure I.S-1 m the middle of their backs and yelled at them to get down. Two MI soldiers then cuffed the detainees together.
5. After the detainees were again handcuffed, I walked over and asked the detainee to tell the MI soldiers what they needed 'mow and that I would try to make the MI soldiers stop. The detainee stated, through the interpreter, that he would not confess to something that he did not do. I tumed to the older MI soldier and asked him with a raised voice: "Did you all ever consider that they guys are irmocent1" or words to that effect. The MI soldier responded: "I've been doing this longer than you've been in the military. You lmow, sergeant, they are guilty," or words to that effect. I then turned to walk out and the MI soldier wearing black PT shorts started to sprinkle water on the detainees from his water bottle. While I was leaving the tier, I also observed one of the MI soldiers on the upper tier tossing a nerf ball towards the detainees. I also noticed SPC
MPS standing in the distance and taking photos. I went back to my LSA at approximately 2230. By the time I returned to my LSA, everyone was already asleep.
6. Following morning, at approximately 0530, I along with SPC6111h and SPC SW left the BCF on mission to escort detainees to Rusafa Courthouse. After completing the mission, at approximately 1600, I went to my platoon leader, 2LTIIII", and I described to him the incident I witnessed the previous night. I informed 2LT OM that MI soldiers were interrogating naked detainees. zurgrilstated: "They are MI and they are in charge let them do their job," or words to that effect. I then began to question 2LTIIIIIIIIIr about who was in charge of the facility. I further voiced my concems about our mission and organization. 2LT
agar then acicnowledged my complaint and indicated that he will address it. Approximately---1 one week later CPL IIIIIIbreceived a written counseling statement from CPT NEM for use of/L excessive force. CPL UM informed me about the counseling statement and I overheard CPT (=-° CaV
UM indicating that he counseled CPL.."'" for use of excessive force.
7. Approximately one week prior to the incidents I described above, I spoke with CPL INN and I noticed that CPL./MO voice was hoarse. I asked CPL oft why he was hoarse. CPL
Wilk stated that OGA and MI were making him yell at detainees and do things that he felt were wrong. CPL..* did not provide any details. I told him "then don't do it," or words to that effect. He stated that MI soldiers would tell him after an explosion that there are Americans out (&10.517t0 there dying and unless he helps them get inforrnation from the detainees then more Americans will die. CPL VIM then told me that he was taking pictures to protect himself. I told CPL
Willibto take this issue up his chain of command.
2
br 157
CO2906
-0444.04-1,
6
_ (.6,6N 'OW
ATZM-DPS-C8SUBJECT: Statement of SGT8 Headquarters and Headquarters Company, Garrison Fort Lee, Virginia
8.
I retumed to Tier IA approximately one week later in order to inform one of the detainees of his release date. At this time, I did not observe any unusual conduct by the MI personnel. This was the last time I went to Tier 1A.
9.
In November 2003, while in Iraq, I experienced post-surgery complications. On 2 December 2003, my unit received a Red Cross message informing me that my father experienced a very serious heart attack. I was placed on Emergency Leave statues and retumed to Dallas, Texas on 2 December 2003. Subsequently, I returned to Fort Lee, Virginia on or about 17 December 2003 in order to undergo medical procedures.
10.
In addition to attempting an on the spot correction, I reported the above-mentioned incident to my platoon leader, ILT amp After returning to Fort Lee, Virginia I informed the following, among others, of my concerns regarding the incident I witnessed at BCF:
' Chaplain 111111111111111.1.1. December 2003 41Y r-• I SG December 2003
•
CPT December 2003
•
CPT January 2004
•
COL March 2004
•COL SAMMOMMINNO March 2004
-COL March 2004
Chaplain April 20044 MS.1111111111111111111111.11111111. Ckt2) q C7kPt April 2004
U.S. House of Representatives Armed Services Committee: April 2004
11. POC is the undersigned
0)-'L 0111111101
SGT,
3
-7
CO2907
RIGHTS WARI,....G PROCEDURE/WAIVER CERTIFICATE
For use of this form, see AR 190-30; the proponent agency is ODCSOPS
DATA REQUIRED BY THE PRIVACY ACT
AUTHORITY: Title 10. United States Code. Section 3012(g)
PRINCIPAL PURPOSE: To provide commanders and law enforcement officials with means by which information may be accurately identified.
ROUTINE USES:
Your Social Security Number Is used as an additional/alternate means of identification to facilitate filing and retrieval. DISCLOSURE: Disclosure of your Social Security Number la voluntary.
1 LOCATION
. DATE FiLE NO.
38th Military Police Detachment (CID), Camp Victory 4 June 2004 • °rt.! l'I
r, MO . 9tRGANIZAT1Ogr.DAEIS pp (1',(03----7 0C-
MD/ S-"4
6 SSN . GRADE/STATUS
SPC/Res
PART I -RIGHTS WAIVER/NON-WAIVER CERTIFICATE Section A. Rights
The investigator whose name appears belovv told me that he/she is with the United States Army Criminal Investigation Division and wanted to question me about the following offenseIsi of which i am ( trscpcvm,4,.. Dereliction of Duty, Failure to Obey an Order or Regulation 4,./
"—ife—
Before he/She asked me any questions about the offense's), however, he/she made it clear to me fCat I have t owing rights:
) i \(.64) - 5, N
do not have to answer any question or say anything. . . 2 Anything t say or do can be used es evidence against me in a criminal trial.
3. 'For personnel subject othe UCM.I.1 have the right to talk privately to a lawyer before, during, end after questioning end to have a lawyer present with me during questioning. This lawyer can be a civilian lawyer I arrange for at no experise to the Government or a military lawyer detailed for me at no expense to me.
Of bOth
-or -(For civilians not subject to the UCIK.1) 1 have the right to talk privately to a lawyer before, during, and after questioning and to have a lawyer present with me during questioning. I understand that this lawyer con be one that I arrange for et my own expense, or if I cannot afford a lawyer and want one, a lawyer will be appointee for me before any questioning begins. 4 If i am now willing to discuss the ()Hamlets, under investigetIOn, with Or without a lawyer present, I have a right to stop answering questions at any time, or
spear( privately with a lawyer before answering further, even if I sign the waiver below.
5. COMMENTS (Continue on reverse sidel
Have you been advised of your rights in the past 30 days?8
04/5--0,(0 --f-
/1/0
I understand my rights as stated el. nzw willing to discuss the offensels1 under investigation and make e statement without talking to a lawyer first end without
Section B. Waiver
having a laWyof Present vv,th ml•.C.., X05-- . (7)(e) -5---/vvrmEssEs (II availablel ...... .
NAME ir1ePe or Prim! CZAOS:(7) —5.--
ORGANIZATION OR ADDRESS AND PHONE All -. ' •-16 RE •F NVEST ... • :
:a NAME ITVpa or Print) ..TYPED NAME OF INVE c • • t (.4,C6) //. [7g) /
SA
ORGANIZATION OR ADDRESS AND PHONE 8. ORGANIZATION OF INVESTIGATOR
Prisoner Interrogation Team (PIT)(CID) 75th Military Police (DET) (C1D)(-), BCCF
Section C. Non-waiver I do not want to give up my rights 0 I want a lawyer E3 I do no% want to be questioned or say anything SIGNATURE OF INTERVIEWEE
ATTACH THIS WAIVER CERTIFICATE TO ANY SWORN STATEMENT (DA FORM 28231 SuBSECIUENTLY EXECUTED BY THE sUSFECT/AcCuSED DA FORM 3881, NOV 89 EDITION OF NOV 84 IS OBSOLETE ciSAPA, 2 et
DOD-046849
SVVOKN STATEMENT
For use of this forrn, see AR 190-45; the proponent agency is of The Deputy Chief of Staff for Personnel.
LOCATION
TIME la FILE NUMBER
38th Military Police Detachment (CID) 4 Jun 2004
(;3
LAST NAME, FIRST NAME, MIDDLE NAME SOCIAL SECUFUTY NUMBER GRADE/STATUS
ORGANIZATION OR ADDRESS
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EXHIBIT INITIALS OF PERSON MAKING STATEMENT
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SUPERSEDES DA FORM 2823, 1 JAN 68, WHICH WILL BE USED.
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INITIALS OF PERSON MAKING STATEMENT
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INITIALS OF PERSON MAKING STATEMENT: PAGE 3
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L-0
DOD-046853
ai-e_C6A)s-,,VkJ5
USE THIS PAGE IF NEEDED. IF THIS PAGE JS NOT NEEDED. PLEASE PROCEED TO FINAL PAGE OFNIS FORM.
STATEMENT OF 6 PC TAKEN A.T 334 mo al (C49).DATED V.J1714/
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DOD-046854
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.
USE THIS PAGE IF NEEDED. IF THIS PAGE'S NoT NEEDED, PLEASE PROCEED TO FINAL PAGE OF'IMTS FORM
STATEMENT 0'; 31K-IIIIIIIIMP___ TAKEN A'T 351' *PP at (10) Li 701/t a004
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iNiTIALS OF PERSON MAKING STATEMENT PAGE F PAGES
-7.
Z
DOD-046855
ENT OF SPC RIVERA TAKEN AT 38th MP DET (CID) DATED 4 June 2004 CONTINUE
ad)
AFFIDAVIT
WERA. , HAVE READ OR HAVE HAD READ TO ME THIS STi
GE 1 AND E S ON PAGE L. I FULLY UNDERSTAND THE CONTENTS OVHE ENTIRE STATEMENT MA(
RUE, I HAVE INITIALED ALL CORRECTIONS AND HAVE INITIALED THE BOTTOM OF EACH PAGE CONTAI
MADE THIS STATEMENT FREELY WITHOUT HOPE OF BENEFIT OR REVVARD, WITHOUT THREAT OF PUN
::10N. UNLAWFUL INFLUENCE, OR UNLAWFUL INDUCEMENT.
g a ure of rson Making Statement)
Subscribed and SWOM 10 before me. a person authon to administer oaths, this 4th day of June , 2004. at 38th MP DET (CID) C Iraq
ADDRESS
(Signatur. enng
C6V ,CIM
YPe. al
ADDRESS
Article 136 UCMJ
(Authority To Administer Oaths)
J MAKING STATEMENTalp
PAGE 7 OF 1
7_065
0 0
.
—{31 D1410—!'"-,',"‘
...JHTS WARNING PROCEDUREIWAIVER CERTIF. ... For use of this kum, see AR 190-30; the greponent agency is ODCSOVS
OATA REQUIRED BY THE PRIVACY ACT
AUTHORITY: Title 10, United States Cade, Section 30 I 2(9)
PRINCIPAL PURPOSE: To provide commanders and law enforcement officials with means by which information may be accurately identified.
ROUTINE USES:
Your Social Security Number 4 used as an additionallaltemate means of identification to facilitate fifing and retrieval, OISCLOSUR . OiseInsole of yaur Social Secwity Number is voluntary. / /
7 ,c) "../. 2. n °A" 4t.k--. rimc x 't . FILE NO.
, .s.---
31 .3-a0 -z_ coo5-01-l-CIDeccz
. NAmE on
ORGAMZATION OR AOORESS 3 2.5-/A D'k ZA... --Ossi47-1 Z-}^-r(.4•2‘...-pe..A. C3,1•4. &, C._0,—.4 Ps. NY'e
SSN 7. GRA ;STATUS
G-4 e-5,41.-..) C-oz-..-i--)ST 1.k.A& 01. LES 7___, PART I • RIGHTS WAIVERTSION.WAIVER CERTIFICATE
Section A. Rights
r
The invratlabill wheel name appears balow told me that Mahe is with the United Stain Arrny Crt4-1341't3474rei---1-1-)k)&-.5T -T-C.IVI 7--C1 C 0 r-1--?"--4-0D p„--, ..6.. S9 .C:22.-4;c I.-A,COT
and wanted to question me about the billowing allensafol of which I am suspectadlaecusortV.C.E.-74-11.-CA-t Cc. 't¦:+-Cst C1,64.A.x.kizots, CRL341-1-7- /Jot)
1/4-::"{:%•IVeCkl.)T kisA0I-T VAT-I-1)11E -lboSSef 4304E-?...C*.r , en ALTKERT(Kr.-4-ir Cx:si.3-5 Pa-R-A.CY / ff
Elects helsho asked me any questions about the olteeselel, howeve ade it dear to me that I haws the following rights: 7
I. I do not have te answer any question ar say anything.
2.
Anything I say or do can be used as evidence against me in a criminal trial.
3.
!for personnel :Wadi orhe UCM.1 .I have the right to talk nihilist, to a lawyet be cis. owing. mid atter questioning and la have &lawyer present with me donna quasnoning. This lawyer can be a civilian lawyet I vamp tor at no expense to the Government or a military lawyer detaged for me et no expense to me, or both
¦ Of •
/for cblVant nor subject ro the UMUI I have the right to talk privaisly to a lawyer before. during, and atter queotioning and to hay. a lawyer present with
MN dining quitstioning. I understand that Mis lawyer can be one that I arrange lot ai my own town. or il I cannot Word a lawyer and want ane, alawyer
will be appointed tor me before any quaint/mg begins.
4.if i am now willing to discuss die a ilensels1 undw investigation. with at withal a lawyer preseaL I have a right to stop answering questions at any time, or speak ptivately with a lawyer before answering briber. even if I sign the waive' below.
. COMMENTS (Conine on ravvre ride). :,,)e.'
(E..
YE-4.
Powe •16-1..) 4%1G3-t_eiZ.-*_..s-ce4) A LAI-4-711&R- A?Teg. bE7-x/L) gkiLD `Ttrol?. eLiCss.N.7S Section B. Waiver
I understand my rights as stated above. I am no...willing to discuss tha uttensels) under invesiieation and maks a statement without talking la a lawyer first and without having a lawyet prasant with me.
WITNESSES (If available) 3. SIGNATURE OF INTERVIEWEE
la. NAME (Typo or Mod
ORGANIZATION OR.A0ORESS ANO PHONE . ........SIGNATURi-IIE VESTIGATOR —
NCQ)) / .1 (2Z-) /
2a. NAME !Typo o, Print) TYPED NAME OF INVESTIGATOR
_
Pit
ORGANIZATION OR ADDRESS AND PHONE 8. ORGANIZATION OF imasTicAroB
13 c---) E.)-) c,t._ hb t,th.s?..f.,c,kk 0-mc....... cz-D)
c..)e.-) -c-ralS im-V. 0 'Li-3Z_ - 4-ILL/ 2 4( Section C. Non-waiver
i. I do not wont to give up my rights
0 I want a lawypi 0 I do not want to be ques tionsd 01 oay anything
SIGNATURE OF INTERVIEWEE
ATTACH THIS wAIVER CERTIFICATE TO ANT SWORN STATEMENT (OA fOffM181,11 SUBSEOUEN f LT EXECUTEO BY THE SUSPECTTACCUSED
DA FORM 3B81, NOV 89 EDITION OF NOV 84 IS OBSOLETE t-i if',UST' 2.01
?i-OU
DOD-046857
00 0 C--- 0 4 - c tOoLq-
PART II • RIGHTS WARNING PROCEDURE
THE WA RNINE
I. WARNING Inform the suspect:accused of: can be a civilian you arrange lor al no eepense ia the Gavemment a' a militaty lawyer detailed lot you it ne
a. Yow official position. manse to you, or bath.'
b. Nature of atIonsels). • Or •
c. The tact that Nish' is a suspectlaccused. A( wham not subject to the 001.11 Yau have the right to talk privately to elawyet halm, &eine, and
2. RIGHTS • Advise the suspectlaccused al hislher fights as !allows: after questioning and to have a lawyer present with you dwing questioning. This lawyer can be ono Wm
'Before I ask you any questions. you must understand your rights' mange lot at yaw own expense, or if you cannel affOrd a lawyer and want one, a lawyer will be appointed
a. "You da not have to answer my questions or say anything." for you bolero ant queshoiling fisOlim*
b. 'Anything you say or do can be used at evidence ageing you in a criminal trial."
IFor personnel 'object to tha UCMJI "You have Ws right to talk privately to a lawyer befete. O. 'If yam ate now mike to tISCIMS the ollenselsl under investigation, with or witheut a lawyer
c. during, and alter questioning and to have a lawyetpretent with you during questioning. This present, you have a tight to stop answuing ealiStiOnS at any Ina, af speak pnvately with a
lawyer lawyer balm answering hither, even il You Hen 3 waiver cenificalL"
Maki certain the wmpectlaccused undeistands hiSlher rights.
THE Vi AIVER
'00 yOu anklet/rid your nghts?' "Oa you want a lawyer at thit lime?'
ID the suipectlaccuied ssys "no.' determine what is not understood. and if luminary repeat the III the socrectlaccused says 'yes,' SI011 the questioning until bertha has a lawyer. II the suspectlaccused
applepriate rights adweement. II the wspectlaccused says "yes." atts the Wowing questinn.1 3ays 'no,' ask himlher the fallowing question.)
'Have you ever requested a Homo alter being read yaw rights?" 'AI this lint all you willing to Olscuss the Mantels) under investigation and make statement without Itl the suspecOaccus id says -yes; find out when and whets. II the request was recent 0e, fewer than 30 talking to a lawyer and without having a ;Dwyer present with you?' the suspect/accused says "no.' stop clays apt obtain legit advice whether to continue the interrogation. II the suspecductise4 says 'no,' or if the interview and have hiln/her teal and sign the non-wail/et section ol the warms certificate on the other the prier felisieSt Wa3 not fecent. isk hirtilher the hollowing question! side of this fort* If the suspect/accused says 'yes," have hinither read and agn MI waiver section of the waiver cartiilrati an the other side of this fornr.1
SPECIAL IRS TFIUCTIONS
WHEN SUSPECTIACCUSE0 REFUSES TO SIGN WAIVER CERTIFICATE:11 ON suspeadaccuted wily waives hitlher tights but Muses le sign the waivw certificate. you may proceed with the quutioning. Make notations on the waivu certificate io the Urea t that Mlle hat mated that helshe understand3 hisfher rights. does nal want a lawyer, wanu to discust the Utensils) under investigation, and refuses to sign the waive: certificate.
IF WAIVER CERTIFICATE CANNOT BE COMPLETED IMMEIHA TELT: In all CaSe3 the waiver certificate must be completed as soon as possible. Every eflort should be made to complete she Mier tendicits belies any gumming begins. ine waiwor certificate cannot los completed at OM at in the este of Weal inleirepanon. annals lion may be compoterny poStpone0. Rates should by kept on the tocuntstances.
PRIOR INCRistINATiNG STATEmENTS.
I. 11 the supsectlaccuted ha3 made spontaneous incriminating statements bolus bung emptily advised of Winer nghts helshe should be told that such statements do not engem himlher answer loam ritieliOnt.
COMMENTS (Canniumill
7. II the suspectlaccused was questioned as 3uch either without being :dotted of hisffier rights or some onition estate as ta the propriety al the first statement the accused must be so adoised. The Ace al the serving Stall Judge Advocate should be contacted 101 amislance in drafting the proper rights advisal.
NOTE: II I or 2 applies. the Nat that the suspectlaccused waS advised accardingly should he noted in the cnnynent feClian On the waiver certificate and initialed by the wipectlaccused.
WHEN SUsPECITACCUSE0 DISPLAYS INOECtSiON ON EXEFICISING HIS OR HER RIGHTS CURING THE INTERROGATION PROCESS: If during the inteiregation. the suapoCI diselellintleelman acme( reavTaliog counsel (lot "emote, -Maybe I should get a lavuu."1, hitter questianine must cease immediatehy. Al that paint, yau may question the suspectlaccused only canteining whether he or she tlesees to waive COLUMN. The quettimung may nal btotilited ta discourage a suspectlaccused from uerwsing Ns/hir fights. Oar example, do nat make tuch comments as "If you didn't do anything wrong. you shouldn't need an atwney:I
Men e201
REVERSE OF OA FORM 31381
EXHIBIT ys
For Offioial Uso Only
1.‘ \-1
DOD-046858
.4:;?..0 40 ilea)
ate-A1C, Okci -5" Ric ;
0003— ' -
SWORN STATEMENT
For use of this form, see AR 190-45: the proponent agency is ODCSOPS
PRIVACY ACT STATEMENT AUTHORITY:
Title 1 0 USC Section 301; Title 5 USC Section 2951; E.O. 9397 dated November 22, 1943
ISSN'.
PRINCIPAL PURPOSE:
To provide commanders and law enforcement officials with means by which information may be accurately identified. ROUTINE USES:
Your social security number is used as an additional/alternate means of identification to facilitate filing and retrieval.
DISCLOSURE: Disclosure of your social security number is voluntary.
2. DATE tYYYYMMDCEI 3. TIME..., . FILE NUcmin8ER
-
111111111111111 2004/01/31 tt • •80005-8-2
II..A.
iiimilmirLE NAME
8. SSN 7-, GRADE/STATUS
-
07586-32528 E-4/RESERVE
B. ORGANIZATION OR ADDRESS
A CO8ANY, 325TH MILITARY INTELLIGENCE BATTALION, DEVENS, MA 01432
I. , WANT TO MAKE THE FOLLOWING STATEMENT UNDER OATH:
While I was deployed in'Iraq, I was assigned to the 325th MWtary Intelligence Battalion, 205th Military Intelligence Brigade, and I was working in Abu Ghraib. There was alredy an Iraqi prison locatedin Abu Ghraib and when US Forces moved into Iraq they took control of the prison. My job was an interrogator while I was assigned to the prison, I was interrogating Iraqi detainees, some of them were Syrian Iraqis, and I also performed interpretations of Russian speaking detainees. Each interrogation was different, my team leader would assign me a detainee to interrogate and I would perform planning and preparation for each one. When I was ready I would call one of the Military Police (MP) working inside the prison, the guards, 1.would tell them the number of the detzdnee that I wanted to tall( to and they would bring the detainee into a tent, for about thefirst two or tbree weeks outside tkte facility, and then after the first couple of weeks they were brought into wooden booths outsidt the prison. Inside the tent or booth with me would be an interpretor, an analyst, and myself. Sometimes there would be two analysts, sometimes no interpretor because the detainee spealcs English. When the detainees were brought to me they were in different conditions. Sometimes I would ask the' Ws to bring the detainee blindfolded sornetimes, hancuffed and for the first couple of weeks they sometimes would be brought without handcuffs but then that stopped and they were always brought handcuffed. I conduced the interrogations in different ways, sometimes we uncuffed them, sometimes not, sometimes we let them stands and sometimes we would let them sit.
Q. Were you ever present when any detainee was abused?
A. Yes, when I was walking through the isolation cells part of the prison, I saw prisoners being handcuffed to each other naked, having two inmates walking in the isolation section of tlae cells naked and handcuffed to each other. One Of the IVIPs took a Nerf football and threw it at the detainees and another MP threw water at the detainees. I had never seen anything like that before. I only saw this take place once. It was between the middle and the end of October or the beginning of November. I saw three or four MP Guards in the same area. There were eight or nine Iraqi Police that saw it. All tlae other detainess appeared normal.
Q. Who were the individuals who abused the detainees?
*re that I spoke with • • - • detainees, the same night that I saw the detainees handcuffed to each other CPL
was working, SPC8was in the female section, and a very overvveight interpretor, a TITAN Contractor. . ere the detainees • - • ., . • o each nude on the floor and walking around?
A. The MPs were making these two detainees do exercises and "smoking" them. From what I understand these two detainees were in the same cell as a yourig boy when they came into the prison, the boy was fifteen or sixteen year old, and supposedly the two raped the young boy in the prison. There were also Iraqi guards inside the prison, the Iraqi guard saw it going on and told the MPs aboui it and the MPs ended up moving the boy to a juvenile cell. Then the two detainees who abused the boy were put in separate cells in isolation and "smoking" them, making them do push-ups and other exercises. After that incident, they didn't let us go to the isolation cells anymore and the MPs kept us out of there. Prior to that I could just go in there when I wanted but if I was going to do a full interrogation I had to let my supervisor Imow. Like one time when I wanted to bring a Koran into one of the detainees the MPs would not let me take it in arid would not take it in for me.
Q. What was the purpose for you being present during this incident?
A. fvfyself and my interpretor and analyst were asking one of the detainees that was assigned to me questions through the cell
door.
Q. What other ways were the detainees abused?
A. Once I saw a detainee being walked on their hands by and knees with a leash by an MP The MP had a strap from a mattress or some cloth, he was an E-5 Guard, white male, 5'11", medium build, maybe 175 pounds, I'm not sure what unit he was in, he had dark hair, high and tight hair cut.
Q. Did you ever take any photographs of the detainees?
A. No.
Q. Do you know of anybody who took photographs or videotaped the detainees?
io.8EXHIBIT 11. INITIALS OF P MAKING STATEMENT
• PAGE 1 OF 82 PAGES
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THE BOTTOM OF EACH ADDITIONAL PAGE MUST BEAR THE INITIALS OF THE PERsON mAKING THE STATEMENT. AND PAGE NUMBER MUST BE BE INDICATED.
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STATEmENT OF TAKEN AT RANDOLPH, MA DATED 2004/01/31
9. STATEMENT (Continued/
Q. Have you ever seen any photographs of any detainees?
A. Not besides the photograph in their personal file.
Q. Have you ever seen anybody providing any photograhs to any other individuals?
A. No.
Q. Did you ever see anyone with a cauiera taking photographs of detainees?
A. Many of the MPs had cameras but they would take pictures of themselves. I never saw any MP take pictures of any detainee:
while they were handcuffe
ilailyou ever see CPL... SSGM1111, SPC1111110VFC AMBHL, SGT 1.SGTIMINIK SPC assault any of the detainees? 8A.TIM& MPs walking detainees on,a leasiltand handcuffing them together. There were four of five MPs that were involved inthese types of things.
Q. Describe where the two inmates that were handcuffed together naked walked?
A. 'They walked out of the isolation section, up onto the second floor, through the whole isolation section, then they went down to where the Iraqi police were and they went back to the first floor. 'They eventually uncuffed both of them from each other and then separately and that is the last time I saw them. After the two handcuffed detainees were handcuffed. individually, there was a third detainee that carne from over where the Iraqi Police were, 8really not sure, and he was not in the isolation cell from tht beginning, and he came. The same four of five MPs told the detainee LO take his clothes off, be was naked and they made him drpush-ups, low crawl on the ground. 'They were yelling at the detainee while he was doing this. There was no kicking orptuiching, if they wanted him to go the ground they would move the detainees arm to the ground and push them down.
Q. Did you ever see any of the listed suspects photograph or videotape any of the detainees?
A. No.
Q. Did you ever receive any photographs of die detainees from the listed suspects or other personnel working at the prison?
A. No.
Q. Did you receive emailed pictures of detainees or email pictures of detainees?
A. No.
Q. Did you ever throw a football at the detainees?
is.. No.
Q. Who were the detainees abused?
A. I don't remember the two that were handcuffed. One was about 6', very skinny, 140 or 145 pounds, black hair, beard, mustache, and the other guy was about the same build, about 5'7", black hair, beard and mustache. The guy that was on theleash I don't remember what he looked like, I just remember he was built for an Iraqi, he had a scar that was a couple of inches on the right side of his neck. He was about 5'8" and built, 150 pounds.
Q. Is is commori practics to have MPs assist in interrogations?
A. It's not conunon but it happens sometimes.
Q. Who told the NIPs to conduct the interrogations?
A. No one, they aren't allowed to conduct the interrogations.
Q. What form of interrogation techniques were the MPs told to use?
A. We asked them if they could come in and randomly yell at the detainee, sometimes there would be MPs in the booth just to
stay with the detainee while myself and my analyst would go outside and talk.
Q. Were any of the detainess injured during any interrogations by Military Intelligence (MI) with MP personnel?
A. No.
Q. Were any MI or MP personnel left alone with female detainees?
A. No. We only had three or four femal 8and I never had to interrogate one of them.
Q. Did you ever see a videoclip of CPL8eying sex with a female detainee or female at the prison?
A. No.
Q. Has anyone discussed with you any incidents that happened to the detainees at the prison?
A. I never heard anything about anyone hitting or having anything sexual to do with the detainees.
Q. Can you describe the four of five guards that were present for the two inmates being hancuffed naked?
A. There were three white males and a black male, that is all I remember.
Q. Do you have anything else you wish to add to this statement?
A. No detainees were abused or hurt in niy custody.
Q. Do y8ve anything else you wish to add to this statement?
A. No.
/////////// 8////////////////////////////////////////////END OF STATEMENT///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
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Entertainment PAULA ZAHN NOW
World Sport Travel Who Is to blame for Abu Ghraib? Interview with men who were there.
Weather Special Reports
Aired August 26, 2004 - 20:00 ET
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'Services ,n PAULA ZAHN, HOST: Who is really to blame for Abu
Ghraib? Military police? Military intelligence? Two
'Languages men who were there, 2 different stories.
(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: It was told to us that military intelligence is in charge of this compound.
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: That's probably their only line of defense, to blame everything on military inte
(END VIDEO CLIP)
ZAHN: Tonight, a CNN exclusive: Eyewitness to Abu Ghraib.
Good evening. Welcome. Glad to have you with us tonight. The truth of what happened at Abu Ghrail
almost take for granted now. It is the abuse we've all seen in those horrid pictures.
The truth of how it happened, well, that is only still becoming clear, thanks in part to the reports out th
and independent investigators. They point to failure in leadership far up the chain of command. But tt
circle of blame on the ground.
When the pictures first appeared, the story focused on one detachment, the military police assigned
prison. Now we know that more than two dozen military intelligence personnel may have been involvr
(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)
ZAHN (voice-over): Under Saddam, the Abu Ghraib Prison was a place where people were tortured
After Saddam's defeat, it became the U.S. Army's own house of horrors. All too familiar pictures like t
American image in Iraq.
So far, 7 guards from the military police have been charged with mistreating detainees. But defense I
military intelligence agents, not the military police, created the atmosphere of abuse.
Nevertheless, testimony has shown the actions depicted in the worst photos had little to do with intell
Lynndie England holding a leash, told an investigator this was no more than an effort to persuade a p
another cell. The 3 men, hand-cuffed together in a naked tangle, were suspected in the rape a 15-yei
prisoners in the human pyramid were thought to have incited a riot in another part of the prison comp
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ZAHN: And where it Mr. Graner in this picture?
DAVIS: Graner has his hand up against the wall in the back of that picture. He has gloves on.
ZAHN: Did he seem to be disturbed by what he was being told to do?
DAVIS: He just seem like he was doing what they were telling him to do. He — it was hard to tell if he
lot was going on that night. I had only been in country 2 1/2, 3 weeks. So, I felt like I had missed som trying to pay attention to what's going on. I'm looking for blatant abuse, someone punching someone, them, something that maybe that would cross the limit with me. Because I wasn't sure where the line especially since military intelligence said they were Interrogating. I don't know anything about interrog know what roughing someone up is in their books.
ZAHN: Did it strike you that what they were doing was wrong?
DAVIS: Oh, yes.
ZAHN: Did you challenge either Mr. Cruz or Mr. Krol?
DAVIS: Earlier in the — what they were doing, they walked up to me when I calm on the Tier, Cruz dic
we crossed the line? Kind of sarcastically. I said, I don't know. You are military intelligence.
He said, well, you are the MP.
I said, well, I'd have to say yes. In a question form thinking, what have I walked into. What am I seein
He said, that's right, we're military intelligence, we know what we're doing.
ZAHN: So, the signal that sent to you was what? Don't say anything else to me?
DAVIS: Correct.
Plus not wearing rank or knowing who they were, there's no telling who they were, what rank they we
ZAHN: So, what was the next step you took after witnessing what you allege was acts of degrading b
part of the guards towards these detainees.
DAVIS: The following day we — I ran my missions because we were — my teams were in charge of ru Which was off site, outside of the compound. We would run into Baghdad and take detainees to cour Well, coming back from the missions, my lieutenant was out back of our living facility. And I said, sir,
you. And we started to talk.
And I said, military intelligence is doing some weird things to naked detainees over at the hard site.
He said what?
I said they are interrogating naked detainees and it's pretty weird.
And he said, that's military intelligence. They are in charge. Stay out of their way.
ZAHN: And who was this you spoke to?
DAVIS: My lieutenant, which is my platoon leader, Lieutenant Raider (ph).
ZAHN: I actually have a quote from your platoon leader when asked about some of your allegations.
quote, I don't recall my specific conversation with Davis, but no one reported to me any incidents of a
DAVIS: mm-hmm.
ZAHN: Are you saying he's lying?
DAVIS: I can't say he's lying, because if he doesn't recall a conversation, how does he recall what ex
And if I'm saying they are doing some pretty weird things with naked detainees, how do you call it abi that's proper interrogation techniques. You don't know if it's abuse. And who knows if he knew that or
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Yet a Pentagon investigation has found Military intelligence personnel, M.I. in shorthand, set the tone the abuse. Often joining in the interrogations.
MAJ. GEN. GEORGE FAY, U.S. ARMY: There were a few pictures that had military intelligence soldi them, and we do find Instances where some military intelligence soldiers participated in the actual ab
ZAHN: Intelligence agents, none of them charged, could be seen in this picture of the rape suspects ' the floor. One was Roman Krol, a young reservist from Massachusetts. We'll talk with him in this houi only an onlooker. Not so, says Sergeant Kenneth Davis, a guard. He tells us, M.I. orchestrated the at
Abu Ghraib has become both a horror story and a mystery. How much more is yet to be told?
(END VIDEOTAPE)
ZAHN: And joining us now, former Army Reservist Kenneth Davis who says he saw naked detainees
at Abu Ghraib, and says military intelligence agents led and directed the abuse. Welcome.
KENNETH DAVIS, FRM. ARMY RESERVIST: Thank you, Paula.
ZAHN: Based on your experience at Abu Ghraib, how clear was the chain of command?
DAVIS: It was very unclear. It was very confusing. As MPs, we're used to being in charge, but when
military intelligence is in charge of you, it makes a confusing site.
ZAHN: How did it work on any given night? How were orders made?
DAVIS: I'm not sure how the orders were made, but I — what I know is every time we'd question somr
who was in charge, it was explicit. It was told to us, military intelligence Is in charge of this compound
ZAHN: Who would you ask that of?
DAVIS: Either our lieutenants or our captain, anybody that would number the chain of command, eve
sergeants would know. That's who is in charge of this place, because they make it very evident.
ZAHN: When is the first time you saw something that you thought was morally reprehensible and not
the Geneva Conventions? DAVIS: Being unaware of what the Geneva Conventions actually say, bec
been trained on the Geneva Convention, it would have been October 25, the night I walked up on Tie
ZAHN: Describe to us what you saw?
DAVIS: As I walk over to the tier, I saw who I thought was two MI, military intelligence officers, agent:
the tier interrogating 2 naked detainees.
ZAHN: We're looking at that picture now.
VVhat do you allege is happening now?
DAVIS: This is well after they had already done other things. Now 3 detainees are handcuffed togeth.
middle of the floor screaming, because the MI would be positioning them in different positions. And
ZAHN: Where are you standing?
DAVIS: I am number 2 in that picture.
ZAHN: And number 1 you to allege is whom?
DAVIS: Is Krol, Specialist Krol. And then number 3 is Specialist Cruz, who are military intelligence.
ZAHN: And do you allege that they were directing this kind of treatment of the detainees, or just obse
DAVIS: They were definitely directing, because when they brought In the third detainee, he still had o
jumpsuit on and they instructed him to take it off through the interpreter. He refused. They instructed
refused again. And they look at Graner, he said Graner, he's refusing to take off his clothes, make hir
ZAHN: So, you are saying both of these military intelligence officials at the same time told Soldier Gil
DAVIS: Yes.
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ZAHN: Mr. Krol vehemently denies he participated In the abuse. He says he witnessed it, He was an
did not direct the abuse.
DAVIS: It's all on video. Ifs all in pictures. And he's in a lot more pictures than I or even Rivera, who
military intelligence analysts, was In as well.
ZAHN: As a man of deep faith who carried pocket Bibles with him around in Iraq, occasionally sharini
children in Iraq, how haunted are you by what you witnessed at Abu Ghraib?
DAVIS: It hurts. That's not what I went over there for. I didn't go over there to see abuses. I went ovei
people. Help an Iraqi people that were now free.
But when you see this going on. And then you see a prison riot where detainees are shot inside their them die and one of them is dropped at your feet, it changes you. You are wondering why am I even what America brought me here for.
I really don't believe that a lot of soldiers went over there with the intention to hurt anybody. My bigge to let me shoot an Iraqi. Don't let me shoot anybody's son or anybody's daughter or anybody. I just w. there and help these people.
And then you see this and you get confused thinking, why am I really here? And so that's what I live
ZAHN: How troubled are you by the fact that you weren't able to stop it?
DAVIS: Very troubled.
ZAHN: As you look back and place yourself in that prison on various occasions, do you think there wi
could have done that would have stopped the madness?
DAVIS: Knowing what I know now, yes. I could have apprehended them all on the spot.
ZAHN: And you would have had the power to do that.
DAVIS: With what I know now, I would have.
ZAHN: Ken Davis, thank you very much for joining us tonight. Appreciate your sharing your painful ot
us.
DAVIS: Thank you.
(END VIDEOTAPE)
ZAHN: And the allegations you just heard leveled against former military intelligence Specialist Rome
and carry severe penalties. When we come back, I will ask Roman Krol about those allegations in an
interview.
(COMMERCIAL BREAK)
ZAHN: We are talking tonight about the abuse at Abu Ghraib prison in Iraq. And for the first time on ti
about to hear from a member of military intelligence who was there. Roman Krol was an interrogator
prison. He joins us now in this exclusive interview. Welcome. Thanks so much for joining us.
ROMAN KROL, FORMER ABU GHRAIB INTERROGATOR: Thank you for having me, Paula. ZAHN: Our pleasure. So you were assigned to the prison for six weeks, and there are two brand new
week who describe the abuse that went on as freelance at the prison, much like the atmosphere of "/
that a fair characterization based on what you saw?
KROL: I would have to say yes. Major General Fay's report is very accurate. I would — I'm very impre
actually. Especially the part about the atmosphere in Abu Ghraib. It was very well defined.
ZAHN: Describe that atmosphere to us tonight.
KROL: Well, lack of personnel, for one. The MPs, their job is to escort a prisoner to the cell and from
interrogation. Handcuff the prisoners and guard them. And because of the lack of MPs, MI personnel that.
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ZAHN: Were you forced to do that?
KROL: I was forced to walking prisoners to the interrogation booth and back.
ZAHN: So you were put into a position where you were physically handcuffing detainees?
KROL: Yes, I was.
ZAHN: Is that something you were trained to do?
KROL: No, I wasn't.
ZAHN: We're going to go through a series of pictures now so the audience can better understand mo
witnessed. Up on the screen now, you'll see a picture of Lynndie England with a detainee on a leash.
KROL: Yes.
ZAHN: Describe to us your reaction when you say you stumbled on to this scene.
KROL: One word, indifference.
ZAHN: Indifference?
KROL: Yes.
ZAHN: Were you shocked?
KROL: No.
ZAHN: Why indifference?
KROL: It might sound strange, but during the wartime, I was not shocked. If this happened at peaceti
country maybe, and I haven't seen a lot of war, it would probably shock me. But back then, I didn't fer
ZAHN: So you weren't troubled on any level?
KROL: No. I wasn't.
ZAHN: You didn't think anything was wrong with this treatment of detainees?
KROL: Well, I thought something was wrong, but it wasn't my business. It was not my soldier. It was
That's what I did. I just walked by.
ZAHN: When you look back on that now and reflect on how you felt at the time, as a human being, ar disappointed in yourself? KROL: You can say that. But now its all different. Now I'm back in the States. There's no war going o
different.
ZAHN: And as you look at that picture tonight, what are you thinking?
KROL: It's wrong, but it happened.
ZAHN: Let's fast forward to another picture. This picture taken in October, not long after you were as:
Ghraib prison. Describe to us what we're looking at here.
KROL: We have three detainees on the floor. They are stripped of their clothes. They are handcuffed
here. I'm not sure who this is, and I'm not sure who the guy in the green uniform is.
ZAHN: We're going to look at this scene now from another angle...
KROL: OK.
ZAHN: ... where we have you clearly identified by a number.
KROL: Yes, yes, this is me right there.
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ZAHN: Number 2. And Mr. Cruz is number 3.
KROL: I don't see number 3...
ZAHN: This is Charles Graner over here, number 1.
KROL: I believe so. OK.
ZAHN: Do you think that the treatment of those detainees that night was appropriate?
KROL: No, no, I do not think so. It was definitely inappropriate. It was definitely humiliation. It was jus
ZAHN: But that night you didn't think that way.
KROL: The reason why, I asked the MPs why are they — people being treated that way. They said th,
boy. My feelings were a little different. Basically, the reason...
ZAHN: So because of how venal that alleged crime was, you thought these detainees deserved it?
KROL: I didn't think they deserved it. I didn't think they didn't deserve it. I was also indifferent back tht
reason why I ended up there, because I went to talk to one of my prisoners that were assigned to me second floor, and I took my interpreter, which is — I don't believe he's pictured here, and Analyst Cru2 be this guy right there, but I'm not sure.
ZAHN: That's correct.
KROL: That's correct? ZAHN: OK. So once again, you are right here...
KROL: I'm right here.
ZAHN: and Mr. Cruz is there...
KROL: And I'm not sure if this is Cruz, but...
ZAHN: ... and this is Ken Davis, a military police officer. The two of you on the right are with military it
KROL: That's correct. And myself and Cruz went to talk to one of the prisoners that was assigned to
the second floor. The same block that you are looking at right now. And we talked to them, and we lo we see pretty much this, which you can see on this picture. I'm not going to go into details and descri happened there, even though I was there for about an hour, for a good hour.
ZAHN: We have also spoken with Ken Davis, who was this military police officer on duty that night.
KROL: OK.
ZAHN: And he describes the scene quite differently.
KROL: OK.
ZAHN: He says that you and Mr. Cruz directed the treatment of the detainees, and you two were the
handcuffed the detainees.
KROL: Not — did not happen, because neither myself or Cruz are in position to order anything like tht handcuff detainees while the military intelligence — military police present, excuse me. ZAHN: So what you are saying, going back to what you said earlier is the only time you claim handcu
handcuffed detainees when you were alone.
KROL: Because of the lack of the MPs.
ZAHN: What about his accusation that you two directed Charles Graner to get tough on these detain(
refused to take their clothes off.
KROL: When I arrived there, they were naked. So I don't see how that accusation can be considered
ZAHN: Why would he say that? Why would he make that up?
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KROL: I have no idea who Davis is, actually, even looking at this picture, I couldn't identify him. Mayt myself or Cruz for another person. I don't know. Maybe he's trying to help a friend. I have no idea wh! (UNINTELLIGIBLE) testified, I believe in his testimony, he did say that he arrived and the detainees v naked, handcuffed, on the floor, and the same thing happened.
ZAHN: Roman, if you wouldn't mind standing by, we want to hear much more of what you have to se! We're going to take a short break and continue our conversation on the other side. We'll be right bacl
(COMMERCIAL BREAK)
ZAHN: Welcome back. Thanks so much for staying with us. We continue an exclusive conversation E inside Iraq's Abu Ghraib prison. My guest is Roman Krol who was an interrogator at the prison. WeIci Before we went to the break we talked about what some of your early exposure was to Abu Ghraib.
Lynndie England with a detainee on a leash. You said you were quite indifferent about It that night. Y. tonight.
KROL: Yes.
ZAHN: But what about the picture of the three detainees who are naked on the floor and you are sort
above them with sort of no expression on your face.
KROL: Yes, as you can see, I do have no expression on my face. — I have very accurately descril
just plain indifference. I found out what those people did, and I was just Indifferent. Just completely in
ZAHN: So you — in your heart, you made no attempt to stop the treatment of these prisoners?
KROL: No.
ZAHN: What about your understanding of the Geneva Conventions at that time, which bars not just tc
inhumane or degrading treatment?
KROL: Military intelligence have their rules of engagement for interrogations. And every interrogation within those boundaries. I never went out of boundaries during interrogation. Now what happened he directed by MPs. I would assume that.
ZAHN: And, of course, the accusation by Ken Davis is that you and your colleague, Mr. Cruz were dit
activities here.
KROL: He's wrong, of course.
ZAHN: VVhy is it do you think then in the conclusion of both of these reports that came out this week t come down pretty hard on military intelligenc,e officers, and you've got attorneys out there representir soldiers who have been charged so far basically pointing at you guys.
KROL: That's probably their only line of defense, to blame everything on military intelligence, They he defense to base it on. VVhat else can they say?
ZAHN: But was it really clear who was in charge on most nights when you did your job?
KROL: It's very clear who was in charge when. For example, military intelligence is in charge of priso
being interrogated...
ZAHN: Now these prisoners weren't being interrogated.
KROL: These prisoners are not intelligence value, these prisoners are not being interrogated, and no
people talked to them. That's me, myself, Cruz, and Rivera, I don't believe Rivera talked to them at al
did not talk to them so that's not interrogation. We did not...
ZAHN: But why were you there?
KROL: Well...
ZAHN: Did you need to be there?
KROL: I explained why I went there, to talk to one of my prisoners, and I just — I stood there like a mc
admit that. Rivera said the same thing, I believe. I'd like to say the same thing about Cruz, probably,
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=7'
other reasons to do it.
ZAHN: I'm interested in hearing you say that you thought there were clear lines of delineation betwee
police were supposed to do and military intelligence officers because one of the criticisms of the Pen1
out in these reports is the fact that they didn't think the Pentagon gave you clear enough guidelines fc
and sometimes that the chain of command within the prison was confused.
KROL: The Geneva Conventions for the interrogation was pretty clear. No physical abuse of prisoner
say to a prisoner he's going to be tortured or basically general dislike and everybody stayed in those
sure.
ZAHN: So you deny ever physically abusing a prisoner?
KROL: Of course.
ZAHN: Did you see any of your colleagues?
KROL: Military intelligence, no.
ZAHN: Hurt a prisoner?
KROL: Hurt a prisoner? No.
ZAHN: So why are there so many accusations flying out there that it was your guys' fault that it tumei
they were taking orders? Attorneys for some of these seven soldiers are saying quite pointedly... KROL: I understand — people that are — for example, Graner, I believe he's a sergeant and myself ar specialists. He is a higher rank than us. We physic,ally cannot give him orders. Legally we cannot gist( do anything. OK, just, in our position, we cannot give order to anybody to do anything.
ZAHN: How many nightmares have you had about what you witnessed at Abu Ghraib and what you accused of? KROL: None. ZAHN: You are at peace? KROL: Yes. ZAHN: With what you saw on one hand but troubled that you didn't react in a more aggressive way o KROL: Yes, that's correct. That's exactly what feel. ZAHN: Is it hard for you? KROL: I'm trying to forget what I saw back in Iraq. I think I can manage it. ZAHN: Are you worried you're going to be charged? KROL: Of course, I'm worried about I'm going to get charged. ZAHN: Do you think you will be? KROL: I think so, yes. ZAHN: You think you will be charged? KROL: I probably will be charged on not reporting information. ZAHN: And how will you confront that charge? How do you plan to fight that charge? KROL: I can't. ZAHN: You can't? What do you mean? KROL: Well, I was a witness of what you saw in the picture and there's nothing I can do about it, and
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ZAHN: So you are prepared to spend time in prison for what you describe as your indifference?
KROL: If the penalty for not reporting information that I saw is prison, then, yes.
ZAHN: And do you understand the outrage in the world about the kind of abuse that took place at Abi Of course, I understand the outrage. What else can I say? I am just happy that I wasn't directing the participating in it Basically, by not reporting it, I know I also did the wrong thing, but people that were pictures are my buddies also. Some of the MPs were my friends, they were my buddies. And also by information, I guess, you can say by reporting the information I understand that would probably get th trouble, that they are in right now. And one of their own people went public with the photos, of course know.
ZAHN: And now you are fully expecting to face a prison sentence, basic,ally, because you were trying are saying, your colleagues under very difficult conditions.
KROL: That's not the main reason why I didn't report the information, but that was part of the reason. same team, even though there were military police and military intelligence, but we work together. An that they did were very disgusting. That was one of the reasons why I did not report the information y
ZAHN: Roman Krol, thank you for spending time with us this evening and telling us what you saw at /
KROL: Thank you.
ZAHN: Good luck to you.
When we come back, the perspective on the events at Abu Ghralb from a reporter who has been folk from day one.
(COMMERCIAL BREAK)
ZAHN: It will take some time to get a complete and accurate picture of what happened at Abu Ghraib heard tonight was chilling. I was struck by the tragedy of two young men confronting a situation even were neither emotionally nor professionally prepared for. Small wonder, then, that so many investigat trouble getting to the truth.
VVith that in mind, we tum to a journalist who has written extensively on the abuse at Abu Ghraib. In ¦• Angeles Times" national security correspondent, Greg Miller. He is the co- author of a new book calk Interrogators: Inside the Secret War Against al Qaeda."
Welcome, Greg. You have just heard these two men tell their story. VVhere does the truth lie?
GREG MILLER, L.A. TIMES: Paula, to me this shows you just how tangled this story is still, and it prc some time. I mean, these two accounts from these two soldiers that you interviewed tonight, as gripp they are somewhat contradicted by the Fay report. Davis says bec,ause the Fay report says — conclu. description of this incident that MI was not controlling or directing this behavior, and Krol's because tt concludes that two military intelligence troops took part in the abuses last night, and other sources int was one of them.
ZAHN: Specialist Krol, as you heard, adamantly denied he had anything to do with neither directing o We have a statement for the lawyer for Specialist Armin Cruz, quote: "we adamantly deny that Speck orchestrated anything." Your response.
MILLER: There — the third military intelligence soldier who was there last night is Specialist Rivera, al different version of events. He has described Krol having taken part in the abuses by climbing up on balconies in the tier and throwing footballs at the detainees, and Cruz of dumping water on the detain them. So there are contradictions all around here.
ZAHN: The two gentlemen also contradicted each other's accounts of the chain of command. Mr. Hai hand suggesting that it was a very confused situation. The last guest, Roman, saying that that wasn't military police knew what they were supposed to do. They were in charge of the prison. The MI guys the interrogations. You see a lot of gray area there, don't you?
MILLER: There's a lot of gray area there. It certainly doesn't look like anybody was totally in charge o I mean, one of the striking things to me, having written a book about a prison in Afghanistan, is just tt much greater here. In Afghanistan, the largest prisons held 500, 600 prisoners at most, and at Abu G many as 6,000. It was just a much more chaotic and large and sort of amok facility than anything I thi prepared for.
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ZAHN: I know this is early on, and everybody's accounts of what they believe Went on in this very che where should most of the blame be pointing right now?
MILLER: That's a tough question. I think that the Fay report makes it clear that this is no longer a c,as can describe this as confined to a few bad apples taking advantage of their freedom on the night shifi also says that there was no indication in many of these instances that this was being ordered or direc mean, I think that what has to happen now is Just — the Pentagon and other agencies need to really s to reach some — arrive at some new policies that achieve some clarity that eliminates the possibility c a confusing environment in the future.
ZAHN: Just a final thought, a very personal reflection on the tragedy that both of these men confront account you buy into.
MILLER: Well, it's, you know, one of the things that I try to keep in mind as we write these stories is, 1 many readers and many of your viewers think about this as well. What would we have done in those hard to know. We saw Krol tonight talking about feeling indifferent toward this. He told me much the 5. interview recently several months ago, where he talked about he didn't report it because he simply di.
And that's hard to understand. But when you talk to people who have worked in these prisons, you ur these are debilitating places to be, especially over a long period of time.
ZAHN: I think both of the gentlemen made that clear this evening. Greg Miller, thank you for your add We appreciate your time tonight.
MILLER: Thank you, Paula.
ZAHN: Just ahead, we move on to politics, as New York braces for the GOP's big show, and the derr are coming with it. That story when we come back.
(COMMERCIAL BREAK)
ZAHN: Well, if you are counting, we are 68 days from the election. In a CNW'USA Today"/Gallup pol shows President Bush and John Kerry still locked in a statistical dead heat. We are also, of course, fc from the Republican convention here in New York, which was the subject of another poll. This one frc University. Well, the survey found President Bush has an approval rating of only 25 percent among N Those same New Yorkers apparently think more highly of themselves. 77 percent of them expect Ne, good hosts for the convention. Still, not everyone is planning such a warm welcome. Maria Hinojosa I
(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)
MARIA HINOJOSA, CNN CORRESPONDENT (voice-over): In New York City, not all protests look al
A group of women shoot this video as they sneak into Grand Central Station to send a very public me
UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: It seems like people were so overjoyed and relieved to see those words gc
HINOJOSA: An anti-Bush punching bag standing on a street comer. Self-described anarchists holdin
meetings. A little flower store tumed political rallying spot.
(on camera): What are you hearing from New Yorkers? Are you hearing New Yorkers saying, "I want
that protest" or are you hearing New Yorkers saying, "I'm getting away."
UNIDENTIFIED MALE: No. The majority of them are going to be there, I think.
HINOJOSA: In a city where Democrats outnumber Republicans, 5 to 1, protesters want to send a me like these, pro- choice, gay-friendly, anti-war, have nothing in common with Republicans. But inside tl the Republicans aren't buying into the caricature being painted outside. They are taking advantage oi image of New York, where many top Republicans are Democratic converts and where party labels dc
RUDOLPH GIULIANI, FMR. NEW YORK MAYOR: I believe one of the things we can accomplish is ti demonstrate how broad the Republican party really is.
HINOJOSA: Former Republican Mayor Rudy Giuliani is one of the convention's top speakers. Once e has a history of taking more moderate stances on conservative issues.
GIULIANI; There are a substantial number of Republicans who you would describe as moderate Rep
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that's probably the best way to describe them but who have some very, very strong conservative viev economy, on national defense. But on social views we tend to be moderates.
HINOJOSA: The "we" Giuliani is talking about Includes Michael Bloomberg, another Democrat who b Republican and then became mayor of New York. And there's the state's moderate Republican Gove Pataki. Both will be convention speakers.
GOV. GEORGE PATAKI (R), NEW YORK: I've got elected three times in the state of New York beca Independents and enough Democrats believe that these principles and policies work for them, too.
HINOJOSA: Going after so-called swing voters means showing that Republican delegates inside the can address some of the Issues the protesters are raising outside.
GEORGE ARZI, POLITICAL CONSULTANT: It might be a way in which to leverage opposition and tc people, the protesters out there. Because I don't know what these people out there are protesting ab( these moderates we have inside.
HINOJOSA: But demonstrators want to send a message of their own that no matter how moderate a be, it's not enough.
BILL DOBBS, UNITED FOR PEACE AND JUSTICE: The Republicans have brought us four years of civil liberties, immigrant round-ups and now many of us are going to be marching under the banner, tl to the Bush agenda.
HINOJOSA: So as the opposition welcomes protesters to town, the Republicans are rolling out a mor image.
ARZI: If you look at the images outside, with all the protesters and you look at the images inside with the Karl Rove types will try to tell you, you see, we are much more moderate than people are trying tc
(END VIDEOTAPE) ZAHN: And that was Maria Hinojosa reporting for us this evening. And just one v
President Bush accepts his party's nomination for the second time. You can see live prime-time cove
Republican National Convention in New York starting Monday night right here on CNN.
Coming up next, a tale of two JFKs. The surprising connections you may not know.
(COMMERCIAL BREAK)
ZAHN: John Fitzgerald Kennedy, John Forbes Kerry. They share the same initials. They're from the both served in the Navy during wartime and they both wanted to be president.
Well, after Kennedy achieved his goal, he made quite an impression on Keny, even in person 42 yea
(BEGIN VIDEOTAPE)
ZAHN (voice-over): On an August day in 1962, President John Fitzgerald Kennedy is sailing off New! One of his passengers is 18-year-old John Forbes Kerry. It is the summer before Kerry starts at Yale Janet Auchincloss, Jackie Kennedy's half-sister. Auchincloss invited Kerry to Hammersmith Farm wh married Kennedy nine years before.
The politically active Kerry idolizes Kennedy. They chat. They board the 60-foot Manitou for a cruise (UNINTELLIGIBLE). A few weeks later, Kerry is invited back, this time to watch an America's Cup rac President Kennedy is there and again they have a private conversation.
"Thank you for a very unforgettable and exciting time," Kerry later would write the president. "I am, to ardent Kennedy supporter." Indeed he was like so many young Catholic men from Massachusetts. K1 political speech in a prep school debate was in support of Kennedy's 1960 presidential run. Kerry \roll Kennedy's first Senate campaign in '62. And when the president campaigned for Democrats in Connr Kerry was in the crowd, a crowd peppered with disruptive hecklers.
JOHN F. KENNEDY, FMR. PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES: But they will leam as this count the Democratic party is best for them as it is for the country.
ZAHN: Kerry, in this October 1962 letter, apologizing for the, quote, "deplorable behavior of some ofi undergraduates here at Yale." The young Kerry added, "it is possible that you personally were not bo happened here, but the insult was made and there is no one here who is not now conscious of it.''
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A year later, President Kennedy was dead.
LOUIS DINATALE, UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS: Kennedy's shadow on Massachusetts ha: been big for 30 or 40 years. ZAHN: Political science professor Lou Dinatale describes Kennedy as th the Democratic party.
DINATALE: Celebrity, good looks, coat over the shoulder, loosened tie around the neck. You know, tl for Democrats and it's also a standard because it was unfulfilled.
ZAHN: After the late president's brother Bobby also fell to an assassin, Ted Kennedy became the sta the family mystique and eventually Kerry's mentor. The senator backed his first and unsuccessful run 1972. The two men have stood side by side for two decades in the Senate, and this year, Kennedy pl Kerry's presidency.
SEN. TED KENNEDY (D), MASSACHUSETTS: Let's give him a great Waterloo reception!
ZAHN: Kerry seems to be tapping into that JFK playbook, sometimes literally following his footsteps, same West Virginia diner Kennedy visited 44 years ago.
KERRY: Well, we're going to get to work on it.
ZAHN: Kennedy had PT 109, the small boat he commanded in the Pacific during World War II, swim' saving a man after being rammed by an enemy warship. Kerry has PCF 94, the Swift boat he comme saving a man and winning five medals in combat. Each a decorated veteran when he ran for presider would make America safer than the Republican incumbent, whether against the communists or the te
DINATALE: The campaign actually is evolving precisely the way the 1960 campaign evolved, which i using his war record is finding himself — is fighting the fight in the middle of the political spectrum, ant a squeaker of an election just like Kennedy was in '60.
ZAHN: Many Democratic presidential candidates before Kerry have tried to capture the magic of JFK Whether through personal or political inadequacy, most of those efforts have fallen short except the r year-old at this VVhite House handshake.
For John F. Kerry the Kennedy era was a sort of golden age and he hopes that the imagery and the
for him this year.
(END VIDEOTAPE)
ZAHN: For more on the imprint that John Kennedy left on John Kerry, I am joined from Washington b
biographer Laurence Leamer. His most recent book is, "Sons Of Camelot, The Fate Of An American
good to see you.
So the similarities in the two JFKs are certainly hard to ignore. But there are some very distinct differ( there? LAURENCE LEAMER, KENNEDY FAMILY BIOGRAPHER: Yes, there certainly are. The idea some ways it's very similar in that they are both authentic heroes, although there have been aspersio of them, JFK during his lifetime as well. They both saved one of their sailors. They both deserve the r but the motivation is very different.
John F. Kennedy was a kind of reluctant hero. When his boat was cut in half by a Japanese destroye his men. He wasn't too comfortable with being called a hero. John Keny, he's more like JFK's older b was the anointed, the golden one in the Kennedy family. He was brought up to be president of the Ur thought he would be president. He was opposed to World War II, but he entered bec,ause he thought president, I've got to be a hero. So he was a self-conscious hero and he sought the hero's medals an mouth and in the summer of 1944, he volunteered for a very risky mission and he was killed. And tha more similar case.
ZAHN: Laurence, when you see pictures of John Kerry with Ted Kennedy, for example, you are left
that they are close. But it hasn't always been that way, has it?
LEAMER: No, I mean Ted Kennedy is an 800-pound gorilla in Massachusetts. He doesn't like anybot light, and in the — during the early years, I mean, he was not too comfortable on Kerry and Senator K issues that, you know, didn't get him too close to Kennedy. Kerry wasn't going to have medical issuer wasn't going to get in the same way. Now, Senator Ted Kennedy sees the election of Kerry as being triumph. If he can't be in the VVhite House, this is as close to him being in the White House as he can
ZAHN: How much do you think John Kerry has studied the life of John F. Kennedy?
CO2932
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G32933
RECORD OF PROCEEDINGS OF COURT-MARTIAL
RECORD OF TRIAL
OF
CRUZ, Armin J. 0,W_ PIO SPC
(Name: Last, First, Middle Initial) (Social Security Number) (Rank)
HHS, 502d MI Bn
504th MI Bde U.S. Army Victory Base, Iraq
(Unit/Command Name) (Branch of Service) (Station or Ship)
BY
SPECIAL (BCD) COURT-MARTIAL
Convened by: Commander
(Title of Convening Authority)
Headquarters, III Corps
(Unit/Command of Convening Authority)
Tried at
Baghdad, Iraq on 11 September 2004
(Place or Places of Trial) (Date or Dates of Trial)
INDEX RECORD
Article 39(a) Sessions R-2
Introduction of Counsel R-2
Challenges R-N/A
Arraignment R-10
Motions R-N/A
Pleas R-11
Prosecution Evidence R-13
Defense Evidence R-N/A
Instructions on Findings R-N/A
Charge(s) dismissed R-N/A
Findings R-61
Prosecution Evidence R-62
Defense Evidence R-63
Sentence R-152
Appellate Rights Advisement R-151
Proceedings in Revision R-NA
G02934
DOD-046874
TESTIMONY DIRECT/ CROSS/ COURT NAME OF WITNESS REDIRECT RECROSS PROSECUTION: None.
000,0)2,;(7t)- 2-
DEFENSE:
SFC 11111111111111•2110 69 CPT 1111111111.111111111111101 76 SFC 1111111111111111111.iik 83 1S G 88 _SSGAMMINIMIllas 92 SSG 01111111111Mallei 93 Accused (unsworn) 106
COURT:
None. EXHIBITS ADMITTED IN EVIDENCE
NUMBER OR LETTER DESCRIPTION
1 Stipulation of fact 2 ERB
A Certificate of appreciation B Excerpts from AR 15-6 investigation C Good soldier book D Family video E Stipulation of expected testimony F Stipulation of expected testimony G Stipulation of expected testimony
PAGE WHERE
OFFERED ADMITTED
13 16
62 63
63 64
63 64
63 64
64 66
103 105
103 105
103 105
C32935
DOD-046875
APPELLATE EXHIBITS
I Request for military judge alone 8 II Offer to plead guilty 46 III Quantum 46 IV Post-trial and appellate rights 151
V.;223.6,
PROCEEDINGS OF A SPECIAL COURT-MARTIAL
The military judge called the Article 39(a) session to order at
4 0923, 11 September 2004, pursuant to the following orders:
5
6.Court-Martial Convening Order Number 2, Headquarters,
7 III Corps, Victory Base, Iraq, dated 14 January 2004, as amended by
8 Court-Martial Convening Order Number 6, dated 24 July 2004.
9. [END OF PAGE]
8
1 CO2937
E."777777=
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
Headquarters, Ill Corps
Victory Base, Iraq
APO AE 09342-1400
COURT-MARTIAL CONVENING ORDER 24 July 2004 NUMBER 6
The following personnel are detailed as members of the special court-martial convened by Court-Martial Convening Order Number 2, this headquarters, dated 14 January 2004:
COL =111111 HHC, 3d Sig Bde
00(9z io(c) -2_
LTC , SC, HHC, 57th Sig Bn COL HHC, III Corps LTC HHC, Ill Corps LTC HHC, III Corps
VICE
COL , HHC, III Corps
COL HHC, III Corps
LTC HHC, Ill Corps
MAJ , AR, HHC, Ill Corps
MAJ , HHC, III Corps
Relieved permanently.
BY COMMAND OF LIEUTENANT GENERAL METZ:
DISTRIBUTION:
Each individual indicated (1)
Cdr, III Corps (SJA) (1) Chief, Criminal Law Division
Record Set (1)
Reference Set (1)
C 0293 8
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY 4) Acc.)17—
Headquarters, Ill Corps
APO AE 09342-1400
COURT-MARTIAL CONVENING ORDER 14 January 2004 NUMBER 2
A special court-martial is convened with the following members:
COL , 504th MI Bde COL , HHC, III Corps COL , HHC, Ill Corps COL , HHC, III Corps COL HHC, Ill Corps LTC , TC, HHC, III Corps LTC HHC, III Corps LTC , HHC Corps MAJ , AR, HHC, Corps MAJ , HHC, Ill Corps
In the event an accused requests that the membership of the court-martial include enlisted persons, the following members are detailed to the special court-martial convened by this order:
MEMBERS
CSM HHC, III Corps CSMO1111111111111 504th:MI Bde
HHC, III Corps MSG 41111111111111HC, 89th MP Bde MSG 111111111111111111, HHC, 3d Sig Bde
VICE
COL HHC, Ill Corps COL , HHC, Ill Corps LTC HHC, III Corps LTC HHC Corps MAJ HHC, III Corps
Relieved only for trials in which an accused requests that the membership of the court-martial include enlisted persons.
BY COMMAND OF LIEUTENANT GENERAL METZ:
DISTRIBUTION: 411.0101111 Each individual indicated (1) MAJ, Cdr, III Corps (SJA) (1) Chief, Criminal Law Division
CO2939
1.MJ: Court is called to order. 28TC: This court-martial is convened by Court-Martial Convening 3 Order Number 2, Headquarters, III Corps, dated 14 January 2004, as 4 amended by Court-Martial Convening Order Number 6, same headquarters, 5 dateci4 july 2004, copies of which have been furnished the military 6 judge, counsel and the accused and which will be inserted at this 7 point in the record. The charges have been properly referred to this 8 court for trial and were served on the accused on 5 September 2004. 98The prosecution is ready to proceed in the case of United
10 States versus Specialist Armin J. Cruz. 11VThe accused and the following persons detailed to this 128court are present:.
w4c-447
8 aPitoV 2-iCekc
13 COLONEL 4OMMOMMMIEJ, MILITARY JUDGE; 8
14 MAJOR 1111111111111/111111MIS, TRIAL COUNSEL; 8
15 CAPTAIN 01.111111111111111111. ASSISTANT TRIAL COUNSEL; 8
16 MR. 41111111111110111111110, CIVILIAN, DEFENSE COUNSEL; and 00q4047)01 8
17 CAPTAIN VOMMOMMOMMI ASSISTANT DEFENSE COUNSEL. 8
18 The members are absent. 8
19 Sergeant First Class Immilm011111111111 has been detailed 20 reporter for this court and has been previously sworn. 218All members of the prosecution have been detailed to this 22 court-martial by Captain.Chief of Justice, III
2 8 CO2940
DOD-046880
pri,Lcb,,co zitik)z-
1 Corps. All members of the prosecution are qualified and certified
2 under Article 27(b) and sworn under Article 42(a), Uniform Code of
3 Military Justice. No member of the prosecution has acted in any
4 manner which might tend to disqualify us in this court-martial.
5.
MJ: Specialist Cruz, you have the right to be represented by
6 Captain luma your detailed military defense counsel. He is
7 provided to you at no expense to you. Do you understand that?
8.
ACC: I understand that, sir.
9.
MJ: You also have the right to request a different military
10 lawyer to represent you. If the person you request is reasonably
11 available, he or she would be appointed to represent you free of
12 charge. Now, if your request for this other military lawyer were
13 granted, however, you would not have the right to keep the services
14 of your detailed defense counsel because you are entitled only to one
15 military lawyer. Now, you may ask Captain...In superiors to let
16 him stay on the case, but your request would not have to be granted.
17 Do you understand that?
18.
ACC: Yes, sir.
19.
MJ: In addition, you have the right to represented by a
20 civilian lawyer. A civilian lawyer would have to be provided by you
21 at no expense to the government. If you're represented by a civilian
22 lawyer, you can keep your military lawyer on the case to assist your
38 G32941
DOD-046881
civilian lawyer. Or, you could excuse your military lawyer and be
2 represented only by your civilian lawyer. Do you understand that?
.
3 ACC: Yes, sir.
.
4 MJ: Specialist Cruz, do you understand your rights to counsel?
.
5 ACC: I understand, sir.
6.
MJ: By whom do you wish to be represented?
7.
ACC: I wish to be represented by Mr.....0.61404*)14
8.0441A)-2,
MJ: And Captain ogymom also?
9.
ACC: Both, yes, sir.
10.
MJ: Those two and nobody else?
11.
ACC: Yes, sir.
Y2k.)-201-
12.
MJ: Captain megmlW put your detailing and qualifications on
13 the record.
14.
-DC: I have been detailed to this court-martial by Lieutenant
Colonel.
15.. I'm qualified and certified under Article 27(b)
16 and sworn under Article 42 Alpha, Uniform Code of Military Justice.
17 I have not acted in any manner which might tend to disqualify me in
18 this court-martial.
CVIt 10)Q) Li-
19.
MJ: Mr. 11111¦1 put your qualifications on the record, please. 20.
CDC: Yes, Your Honor. I'm an attorney licensed to practice law
in the state of Texas. I'm a member in good standing of the state
4.
GO2942
1 bar. I have not acted in any manner which might tend to disqualify
2 me in this court-martial.
[The civilian defense counsel was sworn by the military judge.]
MJ: I've been properly certified, sworn, and detaiied to this
5 court-martial. Counsel for both sides appear to have the requisite
6 qualifications and all personnel required to be sworn have been
7 sworn.
8.Trial counsel will announce the general nature of the
9 charges.
10.
TC: Yes, sir. The general nature of the charges in this case 11 is one specification of conspiracy to maltreat a subordinate and one 12 specification of maltreatment of a subordinate. 13 0.4o z-ina The charges were preferred by Captain 1.01.011111 ¦11.11.1. 14 and forwarded with recommendations as to disposition by Major WNW 15 Williii and Colonel 011¦111111.111. The Article 32 investigation was
)_..
16 waived.
17.Your Honor, are you aware of any matter which might be a
18 ground for challenge against you?
19.
MJ: As I think both sides are aware of, I am the military judge
20 in the companion cases involving, at least according to the
21 Specification,-C-drporal somm, Sergeant IMMOMOMMI, and Specialist
22 IIMMINOK,I have no involvement up to this point with Specialist limis
5 G02943
(WS-40 LC) "-C
DOD-046883
1 and in neither of the other three cases have we done anything in the
2 case except motions. There has been no entering of findings. The
3 trials are pending. And I have tried and accepted a guilty plea in a
4 Cb05-,C,7co-accused's case by the name of Specialist.. I believe
5 both sides are aware of that. I made no findings in that case or
6 credibility determinations. I did enter findings of guilty pursuant
7 to his plea and sentenced him.
8.I'm assuming both sides are aware of my involvement in the
9 companion cases?
10.
TC: Yes, sir.
11.CDC: Yes, Your Honor.
12.
MJ: Does either side desire to question me further or to
13 challenge me?
14.
TC: No, Your Honor.
15.
DC: No, sir..
10d, .(3)(c).7,
16.
MJ: Now, Major IMMIOft, you said the Article 32 in this case was
17 waived, but my charge sheet shows this has been referred to a
18 straight special--or to a BCD special?
19.
TC: Yes, sir, that's correct.
20.
MJ: Specialist Cruz, you have the right to be tried by a court
21 composed of at least three officer members. Also, if you requested,
22 you would be tried by a court consisting of at least one-third
6
G32944
DOD-046884
1 enlisted members, but none of those enlisted members could come from
2 your company and no member of the court would be junior in rank to
3 you. Do you understand what I've said so far?
4.
ACC: I understand, sir.
5.MJ: Now, if you're tried by court members, the members will
6 vote by secret, written ballot and two-thirds of the members must
7 agree before you could be found guilty of any offense. If you were
8 found guilty, then two-thirds must also agree in voting on a
9 sentence. Do you understand that?
10.ACC: I understand, sir.
11.MJ: You also have the right to request a trial by military
12 judge alone. And if approved, there will be no court members, and
13 the judge alone will decide whether you are guilty or not guilty, and
14 if found guilty, the judge alone will determine your sentence.
15.Do you understand the difference between trial before
16 members and trial before military judge alone?
17.ACC: Yes, sir.
18.
MJ: Do you understand the choices that you have?
19.
ACC: Yes, sir.
20.
MJ: By what type of court do you wish to be tried?
21.
ACC: I wish to be tried by judge alone, sir.
G32945
7
DOD-046885
1.MJ: I have before me what's been marked as Appellate Exhibit I,
2 a written request for trial by military judge alone. Specialist
3 Cruz, is that your signature on this document?
4.
ACC: It is, sir.
5.
MJ: At the time you signed this request, did you know that I
6 would be the military judge in your case?
7.
ACC: I did, sir.
8.
MJ: My name was written in there up at the top?
9.
ACC: Yes, sir.
10.
MJ: Now, is your request a voluntary one? By that, I mean, are
11 you making this request of your own free will?
12.
ACC: I'm sorry, sir?
13.
MJ: Is your request a voluntary one? By that, I mean, are you
14 making this request of your own free will?
15.
ACC: I am making the request, sir.
16.
MJ: If I approve your request for trial by me alone, you give
17 up your right to be tried by a court composed of members. Do you
18 understand that?
19.
ACC: Yes, sir.
20.
MJ: Do you still wish to be tried by me alone?
21.
ACC: Yes, sir.
CO291C
8
1.MJ: Defense, I understand there is a pretrial agreement in this
2 case. Is that correct?
3.
CDC: Yes, Your Honor.
4.
MJ: Is the judge alone request part of the pretrial agreement?
5.
DC: Yes, Your Honor.
6.
MJ: Specialist Cruz, we'll talk more about your pretrial
7 agreement later in the case, but I want to go over this provision
8 with you now. Your pretrial agreement apparently states that you
9 agree to waive, that is, give up trial by members and select trial by
10 military judge alone. Is that correct?
11.ACC: Yes, sir.
12.
MJ: Do you understand the difference between trial before
13 members and trial before military judge alone as I explained them to
14 you earlier?
15.
ACC: I understand, sir.
16.
MJ: Did you understand these differences between the various
17 types of trial at the time you signed your pretrial agreement?
18.
ACC: Yes, sir.
19.
MJ: Did you understand you were giving up trial with members
20 when you signed your pretrial agreement?
21.
ACC: Did I understand the....
G32947
9
DOD-046887
1.MJ: You were giving up trial with members when you signed your
2 pretrial agreement?
8
3 ACC: Yes, sir.
8
4 MJ: And was that waiver a free and voluntary act on your part? 8
5 ACC: It was, sir.
8
6 MJ: The request for trial by military judge alone is approved.
7 The court is assembled. The accused will now be arraigned.
88TC: All parties to the trial have been furnished with a copy of
9 the charges. Does the accused want them read?
8
10 CDC: The accused waives the reading of the charges. 8
11 MJ: The reading of the charges may be omitted. 8
12 [THE CHARGE SHEET FOLLOWS AND IS NOT A NUMBERED PAGE.] 8
13 [END OF PAGE]
10 8 CO2948
..-
CHARGE SHEET
I. PERSONAL DATA
1. NAME OF ACCUSED (Last, First, MI) 2. SSN 3. GFtADE OR RANK 4. PAY GRADE
CRUZ, ARMIN J. (4(6) 217:KC ) -2.
i SPC E-4
5. UNIT OR ORGANIZATION 6. CURRENT SERVICE
a. INITIAL DATE b. TERM
Headquarters and Headquarters Service Company, 502nd Military Intelligence Battalion, 504th Military Intelligence Brigade, APO AE 09342
28 SEP 2000 8 years
7. PAY PER MONTH 8. NATURE OF RESTRAINT OF ACCUSED 9. DATE(S) IMPOSED
a. BASIC b. SEA/FOREIGN DUTY c. TOTAL c'e oLi
$1,726.80 j /00.00 40,tie NIA-it ir 82440 $1,726.80 None N/A
ADDITIONAL II. CHARGES AND SPECIFICATIONS
10. CHARGE I8VIOLATION OF THE UCMJ, ARTICLE 81
( THE SPECIFICATION: In that Specialist Armin J. Cruz, U.S. Army, did, at or near Baghdad Central Confinement Facility, Abu Ghraib, Iraq, on or about 25 October 2003, conspire with Corpora1111111111.1
0.41.15. , Staff Sergeant ommummimi Specialist 11111111101.1111•11. Specialist 111111011111111111 and others, to commit an offense under the Uniform Code of Military Justice, to wit: maltreatment of subordinates, and in order to effect the object of the conspiracy the said Corporallillit forced detainees to conduct various physical exercises while the detainees were naked and the said815C up poured water
-
on the detainees.
Cz-(-615;(7icc.)6--
,..______8_______
CHARGE II: VIOLATION OF THE UCMJ, ARTICLE 93
THE SPECIFICATION: In that Specialist Armin J. Cruz, U.S. Army, at or near Baghdad Central Confinement Facility, Abu Ghraib, Iraq, on or about 25 October 2003, did maltreat several detainees, persons subject to his orders, by forcing naked detainees to crawl on the floor in such a manner as to cause the detainees' genitals to touch the floor and by handcuffing the said detainees to one another.
iii. PREFERRAL
11a. ME OF ACCUSER (Last, First, MI) b. GRADE c. ORGANIZATION OF ACCUSER
CPT HHSC, 502nd MI Battalion
d. SIGNATURE OF ACCUSER ( .--8• e. DATE
6X6') -2 i OW -Z._ q SePoer
AFFIDAVIT: Before me, the undersigned, authorized y law to administer oaths in cases of this character,
personally appeared the above named accuser this day of 54-6...Alto , 20t4 ,
and signed the foregoing charges and specifications under oath that he/she is a person subject to the Uniform
Code of Military Justice and that he/she either has personal knowledge of or has investigated the matters set
forth therein and that the same are true to the best of his/her knowledge and belief.
(Z)) 6, -2;0(0 2--
11111111111111111111.111111. HHD, 504th Military Intelligence Battalion
Typed Name of Officer Organization of Officer
Ca•tain Trial Counsel
rad Official Capacity to Administer Oath WZ) --21.7k) (See R.C.M. 307(b)- must be a commissioned officer)
.-a,
-'4 — Agioali ..—ardll¦.. .. Signa b re
DD FORM 458, MAY 2000 PREVIOUS EDITION IS OBSOLETE.
CC12949
12. •
.-_-_-4
On 4/ 5e/074,4 e,v- zoaq . the accused was informecrotihe charges against him/her and of
,
the name(s) of The accuser(s)known to me , (See R.C.M. 308 (a)). (See R.C.M. 308 if notification cannot be made.)
IMMIIIIIIIIIMIIIIIIINIISIIOIIIS HHSC, 502nd MI Battalion
Typed Name of Immediate Commander Organization of Immediate Commander
Captain
C.4)2. Pt)-/Z---
------41.1111,01.11111.—
ia
IV. RECEIPT BY SUMMARY COURT-MARTIAL CONVENING AUTHORITY
13.
The sworn charges were received at kZ50 hours8
4s,,e-,20048at 8HQ 6024, 1,-Ai vo
'Designation of Command or
Officer Exercising Summary Court-Martial Jurisdiction (See R.C.M. 403)
i
IOR TI IC
IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIMI8\ Commanding
Typed Name of Officer Official Capacity of Officer Signing
go) -2-100-2,
Major
— Grade
Irlighowims
7—
Signature
V. REFERRAL; SERVICE OF CHARGES
a. DES8NATION OF COMMAND OF CONVENING AUTHORITY b. PLACE8____ .c. DATE MT) 7nri4
Victo-ry Base, Iraq
Headquarters, III Corps APO AE809342
Referred for trial to the 8special8court-martial convened by Court-Martial Convening Order Number 2,
dated 14 January 2004, as amended by Court-Martial Convening Order Number 6, dated 8,
24 July 20048, , subject to the following instructions:82
Empowered to adjudge a bad-conduct discharge.
By8OOMMAND8of8LIEUTENANT GENERAL METZ:
Command or Order
1111111111111116 Chief, Paralegal NCO
Typed Name of Officer Official Capacity of Officer Signing
Sergeant Major/E-98 (40)i 00 -2-
rade
ign ure
15.
On 0 5 , s.e p8, I (caused to be) served a copy hereof on (each of) the above named accused.
111.10.11/011IIMMIN OW KO 2—
IA A.:). 0 r
fyped Name of Trial Counsel I Grade or Rank of Trial Counsel
Signature
FOOTNOTES: 1 — When an appropriate commander signs personally, inapplicable words are stricken.
2 — See R.C.M. 601(e) conceming instructions. If none, so state.
DD FORM 458 (BACK), MAY 2000
CO2950
DOD-046890
MO-2 Pk) - 2-
1.TC: The charges are signed by Captain MOMMIMOMMOMMEMMOMMO, a 2 person subject to the Code as accuser; are properly sworn to before a
commissioned officer of the armed forces authorized to administer
4 oaths; and are properly referred to this court for trial by
5 Lieutenant General Thomas F. Metz, the Convening Authority.
6.
MJ: Accused and counsel, please rise. [The accused and his
7 counsel stood.]
8.Specialist Armin J. Cruz, I now ask you, how do you plead?
9 Before receiving your plea, however, I advise you that any motions to
10 dismiss or to grant other appropriate relief should be made at this
11 time. Your defense counsel will speak for you.
12.
CDC: Your Honor, the defense has no motions.
13.
MJ: Please enter a plea.
14.
CDC: To all charges and their specifications: Guilty.
15.
MJ: Specialist Cruz, your counsel has entered a plea of guilty
16 for you to both charges and their specifications. Your plea of
17 guilty will not be accepted unless you understand its meaning and
18 effect. I'm going to discuss your plea of guilty with you. If at
19 any time you have any questions, stop and ask them. Do you
20 understand that?
21.
ACC: I understand.
118 GO2951
.MJ: A plea of guilty is equivalent to a conviction and is the
strongest form of proof known to the law. On your plea alone and
without receiving any evidence, this court can find you guilty of the
offenses to which you've pled guilty. Your plea will not be accepted
unless you realize that by your plea, you admit every act or omission
and element of the offenses to which you've pled guilty, and that
you're pleading guilty because you actually are, in fact, guilty. If
you do not believe that you are guilty, then you should not, for any
reason, plead guilty.
8
Do you understand what I've said so far?
8
ACC: Yes, sir.
.
MJ: Now by pleading guilty, you give up three important rights,
.
first, the right against self-incrimination; that is, the right to
say nothing at all.
.Second, the right to a trial of the facts by this court;
that is, your right to have this court-martial decide whether or not
you're guilty based upon evidence the prosecution would present and
on any evidence you may introduce.
.Third, the right to be confronted by and to cross-examine
any witness called against you.
.Do you have any questions about any of these rights?
.
ACC: No, I do not, sir. 12.C32952
1.MJ: Do you understand that by pleading guilty, you no longer
have these rights?
3.
ACC: Yes, sir.
4.
MJ: If you continue with your guilty plea, you will be placed
5 under oath, and I will question you to determine whether you are, in
6 fact, guilty. Anything you tell me may be used against you in the
7 sentencing portion of the trial. Do you understand that?
8.
ACC: Yes, sir.
9.
MJ: If you tell me anything that is untrue, your statements may
10 be used against you later for charges of perjury or making false
11 statements. Do you understand that?
12.
ACC: I do, sir.
13.
MJ: Trial counsel, place the accused under oath. [The trial
14 counsel did as directed and the accused was sworn.]
15.Is there a stipulation of fact?
16.
TC: Yes, Your Honor.
17.
MJ: It's been marked as Prosecution Exhibit 1 for
18 identification.
19.Specialist Cruz, I have before me what's been marked as
20 Prosecution Exhibit 1 for identification, a stipulation of fact. Did
21 you sign this stipulation?
22.ACC: I did, sir.
13
3
c_.‘
DOD-046893
8
1 MJ: You did sign it? .
2 ACC: Yes, sir.
.
3 MJ: And did you read it thoroughly before you signed it?
.
4 ACC: I did, sir.
.
5 MJ: Do both counsel agree to this stipulation and that your
6 signatures appear on the document?
.
7 TC: Yes, sir.
.
8 CDC: Yes, Your Honor.
.
9 MJ: Now, Specialist Cruz, a stipulation of fact is an agreement
10 among the trial counsel, your defense counsel and you, that the
11 contents of the stipulation are true, and if entered into evidence,
12 are the uncontradicted facts in this case. No one can be forced to
13 enter into a stipulation, so you should enter into it only if you
14 truly want to do so. Do you understand that?
15.
ACC: I do, sir.
16.
MJ: Now, I want to make sure that you and I have the same
17 stipulation. I have one that's got eight pages of narrative and then
18 there's a signature?
19.
ACC: Yes, sir.
20.
MJ: After that, there's one, two, three, four, five pictures,
21.
five photos.
22.ACC: Yes, sir.
14
1.MJ: And that's what you have, okay. In this whole document,
2 the photos and the narrative constitute the stipulation of fact.
3 That's your understanding?
4.
ACC: I understand that, sir.
5.
MJ: Now, if I admit this stipulation into evidence, it will be
6 used in two ways. First, I will use it to determine if you are, in
7 fact, guilty of the offenses to which you've pled guilty. And
8 second, I will use it to determine an appropriate sentence for you.
9.Do you understand and agree to these uses of the
10 stipulation?
8
11 ACC: I understand and agree, sir. .
12 MJ: Do both counsel also agree to these uses?
.
13 TC: Yes, sir.
.
14 DC: Yes, Your Honor.
.
15 MJ: Specialist Cruz, a stipulation of fact ordinarily cannot be
16 contradicted. If it should be contradicted after I have accepted
17 your plea, I will reopen this inquiry. You should, therefore, let me
18 know if there's anything whatsoever you disagree with or feel is
19 untrue. Do you understand that?
20.
ACC: I understand, sir.
21.
MJ: At this time, I want you to read your copy of the
22 stipulation silently to yourself as I read it to myself.
15.G32955
[The accused did as directed.]
2.
MJ: Have you finished reading the stipulation of fact?
3.
ACC: Yes, sir.
MJ: Is everything in the stipulation true?
5.
ACC: Yes, sir.
6.
MJ: Is there anything in the stipulation that you do not wish
7 to admit is true?
8.
ACC: No, sir.
9.
MJ: Do you agree, under oath, that the matters contained in the
10 stipulation are true and correct to the best of your knowledge and
11.
belief?
12.
ACC: Yes, sir.
13.
MJ: Defense counsel, do you have any objection to Prosecution
14 Exhibit 1 for identification?
15.
CDC: No, Your Honor.
16.
MJ: Prosecution Exhibit 1 for identification is admitted into
17 evidence, subject to my acceptance of the accused's guilty plea.
18.Specialist Cruz, at this time, I'm going to explain to you
19 the elements of the offenses to which you have pled guilty. By
20 "elements," I mean those facts which the government would have to
21 prove beyond a reasonable doubt before you could be found guilty if
22 you had pled not guilty. When I state each element, ask yourself two
16
002956
DOD-046896
things, first, is the element true; and second, whether you wish to
2 admit that it's true. After I list the elements for you, be prepared
3 to talk to me about the facts regarding the offenses.
.
4 Do you have a copy of the charge sheet there?
.
5 ACC: Yes, sir.
.
6 MJ: I'm going to start with Charge II. In the Specification of
7 Charge II, you have pled guilty to maltreatment of subordinates, in
8 violation of Article 93 of the Uniform Code of Military Justice. As
9 alleged and pled, this offense has the following two elements:
10.One, that several detainees were subject to your orders.
11.And two, that at or near Baghdad Central Confinement
12 Facility, Abu Ghraib, Iraq, on or about 25 October 2003, you
13 maltreated the said several detainees by forcing them to crawl on the
14 floor in such a manner as to cause the detainees' genitals to touch
15 the floor and by handcuffing the said detainees to one another.
16."Subject to the orders of" include persons under the direct
17 or immediate command of you. The maltreatment must be real, although
18 it does not have to be physical. "Maltreated" refers to treatment
19 that when viewed objectively under all the circumstances is abusive
20 or otherwise unwarranted, unjustified and unnecessary for any lawful
21 purpose and that results in physical or mental harm or suffering or
17 8 G02957
1 reasonably could have caused physical or mental harm or suffering. 2 Assault or improper punishment may constitute this offense. 3.Now, turn back to Charge I. In the Specification of Charge 4 I, you have pled guilty to conspiracy to maltreat subordinates, in 5 violation of Article 81 of the Uniform Code of Military Justice. As 6 alleged and pled, this offense has the following two elements: 7.First, that at or near Baghdad Central Correctional 8 Facility, Abu Ghraib, Iraq, on or about 25 October 2004 [sic], youag...., 9 entered into an agreement with Corporal 4111111111111111101, Staff (.0PJ6) 5
10.Sergeant 1111111111111111.11M, Specialist.Specialist SIMMM, 11 IMO and others to commit maltreatment of subordinates, an offense 12 under the Uniform Code of Military Justice. 13.And two, that while the agreement continued to exist and 14 while you remained a party to the agreement, Corporal IRMO and 15 Specialist qpiet performed the overt acts alleged, that is, Corporal 16 mum forced detainees to conduct various physical exercises while 17 the detainees were naked, and Specialist aft poured water on the 18 detainees for the purpose of bringing about the object of the 19 agreement. 20.Now, the elements of the offense to which you are charged 21 with conspiracy to commit, namely, maltreatment of subordinates, or 22 as I told you earlier for Charge I, proof that the offense of
188 GO2958
DOD-046898
1 maltreatment of subordinates actually occurred is not required.
2 However, to be guilty of conspiracy, the agreement must have included
3 every element of the offense of maltreatment of subordinates.
4.Now, the agreement of the conspiracy does not have to be in
5 any particular form or expressed in formal words. It is sufficient
6 if the minds of the parties reach a common understanding to
7 accomplish the object of the conspiracy, and this may be proved by
8 the conduct of the parties. The agreement does not have to express
.
9 the part in which the conspiracy is to be carried out or what part
10 each conspirator is to play. The overt act required for this offense
11 does not have to be a criminal act, but it must be a clear indication
12 that the conspiracy is being carried out. The overt act may be done
13 either at the time of or following the agreement. The overt act must
14 clearly be independent of the agreement itself, that is, it must be
15 more than merely the act of entering into the agreement or an act
16 necessary to reach the agreement.
17.Specialist Cruz, do you understand the elements and
18 definitions as I've read them to you and as they apply to each
19 specification?
20.
ACC: I understand, sir.
21.
MJ: Do you understand your plea of guilty admits that these
22 elements accurately describe what you did?
19
r) "
ULI4UOU
DOD-046899
18ACC: I understand, yes, sir.
2.
MJ: Do you have any questions about any of them?
3.Yes, sir, I don't know how to bring this up, it's the date,
ACC:
4 sir?
5.
MJ: The date?
68ACC: You said 2004, and it's 2003.
7.
MJ: Well, the charge sheet says 2003.
88ACC: Oh, my apologies, sir.
9.
MJ: No, it was my fault, it's my fault. I wrote down 2004, but
10 no, thank you. No, both of these events allegedly occurred on or
11.
about 25 October 2003.
12.Yes, sir.
ACC:
13.
MJ: Do you have any other questions?
14.sir.
ACC: No,
15.
MJ: Do you believe and admit the elements and definitions taken 16 together correctly describe what you did? 178ACC: I do, sir. 188MJ: Specialist Cruz, at this time, I want you to talk about 19 what happened. First of all, how old are you? 20.I'm 24 now, sir.
ACC:
MJ:.
22.In just a couple of weeks, it will be 4 years, sir.
21.And how long have you been in the Army?
ACC:
20.
002960
DOD-046900
8
1 MJ: 4 years. Are you a Reserve component soldier? .
2 ACC: I am, sir.
.
3 MJ: Are you National Guard or Reserve?
.
4 ACC: Reserve, sir.
.
5 MJ: Reserve, okay. And were you activated for this deployment?
.
6 ACC: I was, sir.
.
7 MJ: And when were you activated, approximately?
.
8 ACC: March 17th, if memory serves, sir.
.
9 MJ: 2003?
8
10 ACC: Yes, sir. 8
11 MJ: And how long were you activated for? .
12 ACC: There's some confusion as to that from the unit, sir. The
13 first set of orders we got were for 6 months, but it ended up being
14 for the one-year tour in Iraq, sir.
15.
MJ: And then have you been extended beyond that pending this
16 proceeding?
17.
ACC: Pardon me, sir?
18.
MJ: Have you been extended beyond that pending this proceeding?
19.
ACC: Yes, sir.
20.
MJ: Defense, is there any issue that the accused is properly on
21 active duty for this trial?
22.
CDC: He's properly on active duty, Your Honor.
21.
C32961
DOD-046901
8
1 MJ: Currently. .
2 CDC: Yes, sir.
.
3 MJ: There's no issue as to----
.
4 CDC: There's no issue.
.
5 MJ: Now let's go back to 23 October of--excuse me, 25 October
6 of 2003, I'll get the dates right. Now, were you working at the
7 prison at Abu Ghraib at the time?
8.
ACC: I was, sir.
9.
MJ: What was your job?
10.ACC: I was an analyst, a member of a Tiger Team.
11.MJ: A Tiger Team, and your MOS is what?
12.
ACC: 96 Bravo, intelligence analyst.
13.
MJ: That would be in the rubric of the military intelligence
14 area?
15.
ACC: Yes, sir.
16.
MJ: And you were there in the course of your job, and again, I
17 don't want you to tell me anything that may be classified. What did
18 you do in the day to day, doing the job in your MOS, I know that
19 there's other things that soldiers do.
20.
ACC: Roger, sir. During the time that I was at Abu Ghraib on a
21 Tiger Team before I moved to other sections, the job duties would
22 require finding intelligence gaps that an interrogator may find, and
228
C32962
1 then researching the information to prove or disprove whatever
2 information was extracted in interrogation.
3.
MJ: So, somebody else--you weren't an interrogator then.
4.
ACC: I was never--I'm not qualified. I didn't go to AIT, sir,
5 as an interrogator, but there were times that I was asked to
6 interrogate based on the security clearance level for the
7 interrogation.
MJ: Okay, so your day-to-day activities were to analyze the
9 intelligence other interrogators got, but occasionally because of
10 your clearance, you had to ask detainees or the individuals
11.
questions.
12.
ACC: Roger, because of the difference between an interrogator's
13 clearance and the analyst's clearance.
14.
MJ: Okay, now on the 25th of October of 2003, from looking at
15 the stipulation of fact, this event began, at least your involvement
16 was, when Specialist...woke you up?
NV54,0("CS--
Iv
ACC: Roger, sir.
18.
17.
MJ: Now, in your own words, just kind of tell me what happened
19 that day.
20.
ACC: I was on my cot. It was late. I was getting ready to rack
21 out, or I was already racked out. Specialist In came to the hooch
22 area that I was staying in.
23 .C32963
DOD-046903
ace PO,
1.MJ: Now who's Specialist
2.
ACC: He's an interrogator, 97 Echo, assigned to the unit I was
3 assigned to, sir.
4.
MJ: Okay, he was an interrogator, but he was also in your
5 military intelligence unit for want of a better term.
.
6 ACC: Roger, sir.
.
7 MJ: Okay, go ahead.
.
8 ACC: And then said that he was--he told me that the MPs were
9 disciplining three detainees that were alleged to have raped a
10 teenager and if I wanted to go see what they were doing. And, I
11 said, "Yes," I walked down there. When I got there, it appeared that
12 they were taking a break. My assumption was that Specialist IND was
13 there for the first part because he told me what they were doing, it
14 was--punishing for raping a young man. And then....
15.
MJ: When you showed up, there was nothing going on.
16.
ACC: It seemed like they were done, yes, sir, a break.
17.
MJ: Now, when you said "showed up," where did this occur?
18.
ACC: In the hard site, sir.
19.
MJ: Now, there's two tiers there?
20.
ACC: I always got them confused, sir.
21.
MJ: Confused, okay.
24.C32964
DOD-046904
(b)(05' (*.35"
8
1 ACC:.
going to trust that this is right and it was 1B, but I
2 always had a hard time what that was.
3.
MJ: And when you walked into this scene up to the point before
4 you did anything, who did you see there that you can remember?
5.a lady,
ACC: I remember seeing a female, Army Specialist gm
6 a female soldier who I didn't realize her name until later on in the
7 media and then seeing her picture as PFC gum I might've known
8 her name that day, but I really didn't know her; Sergeant Immummilk
•
9 Corporal 4111110 Specialist NM, Specialist 1111, Specialist
10 mow There was a civilian interpreter there, I can't really
11 pronounce his name correctly.
12.
MJ: Was he an Iraqi civilian?
13.
ACC: No, no, sir, he worked for, my belief is that he worked for
14 the Titan group. He worked with soldiers.
15.
MJ: I mean, but was he American?
16.
ACC: Yes, sir. Then there was a soldier there that was in green
17 BDUs. I couldn't tell you his name, sir. That's all that I can
18 remember, sir.
19.
MJ: Now, did you see any detainees when you walked up?
20.
ACC: Not initially. Soon after I got there, Specialis111111111
21 pulled them out.
22.
MJ: Pulled them out from where?
8
25 CO2965,
atelbx-os-10:0
1.ACC: Cells, sir.
2.MJ: Were they in three separate cells, or all were in one cell,
3 if you can remember?
ACC: If memory serves right, sir, I believe two were together
and one was brought later, and I don't know from where, sir.
MJ: And Specialist.brought them out. Now, you're in a
hallway between cells here?
8.
ACC: Yes, sir.
9.
MJ: And this is a multi-tiered operation, two tiers?
10.ACC: Yes, sir.
11.MJ: And the floor is concrete?
12.
ACC: Yes, sir.
13.
MJ: So Specialist 1111111 you said, brought the three guys out?
14.
ACC: Roger, sir.
15.
MJ: What were they wearing?
16.
ACC: To be honest, I couldn't remember. The -.3/pical garb was
17 either, an orange jumpsuit, sometimes sheets.
18.MJ: The first time----
19.ACC: They were wearing something, yes, sir.
20.
MJ: The first time you saw the three detainees, they were
21 wearing something.
22.ACC: I believe one of them was just in underwear.
268 GO2966
DOD-046906
8
1 MJ: Did they eventually become naked?
.
2 ACC: Yes, they did, sir.
.
3 MJ: How did that happen?
.
4 ACC: By orders of me and other people there, sir.
.
5 MJ: Now, you walk up to the scene, had you heard anything
6 before this about how the MPs sometimes treated the detainees?
7.
ACC: I didn't know how they brought their disciplinary
8 procedures or anything, sir.
9.
MJ: So you walked up, and then you said, you among others told
10 them to take off all their clothes?
8
11 ACC: Yes, sir. .
12 MJ: Well, why did you do that?
.
13 ACC: There's no real good reason why that would happen, sir.
14.
MJ: Do you have a real bad reason why it happened, though?
15 Were you just going along with what the other guys were doing?
16.
ACC: Perhaps that's a part of it. I think a bigger part is I--I
17 think this is in there that....
18.Specialist Cruz, don't worry about whether it's in the
MJ:.
19 stipulation of fact or not, just tell me in your own words as best
20 you can remember, okay?
21.
ACC: I was under the--I didn't really see when I was looking at
22 the three detainees that were rapists when I was looking at them,
8
27 GO2967
DOD-046907
1 sir. It was shortly after a mortar attack, and frankly, I saw three
2 guys that killed two soldiers and injured me, injured my bosses, and
that's not a reason.
4.
MJ: No, it's an explanation though. You were saying, and the
5 mortar attack that occurred about a month earlier that's in the
6 stipulation of fact of where two soldiers died, including one who
7 apparently you knew?
8.
ACC: He was my boss for a while, sir, he was my NCOIC.
9.
MJ: And other people were injured. So when you came onto this
10 scene, you saw these three Iraqis, you associated them with the
11 Iraqis who, or similar to the Iraqis who had mortared your friends.
12 Is that what you're telling me?
13.
ACC: Yes, sir.
14.
MJ: That in your mind, you knew they weren't the same guys, or
15 they could be, but you didn't know.
16.
ACC: They could've been, I mean, there's no proof. It wasn't a
17 logical thing.
18.
MJ: But did you want then to take out on them what happened to
19 your friends?
20.
ACC: I believe that's correct.
21.
MJ: Now, when you walked in, you were clear that these people
22 were detainees?
28.‘0,29168,
DOD-046908
1.ACC: Yes, sir, they were in the prison.
2.MJ: And in your role as, I guess, primarily as a soldier, are
3 they subject to your orders?
4.
ACC: They are, sir.
5.
MJ: The way the prison runs is that they have to obey what you
6 tell them to do?
7.ACC: Yes, sir.
MJ: Okay, so they come out and then you and others tell them to
9 take off their clothes. What happened next?
10.ACC: They were told to do various physical exercises such as the
11 low crawlings. When one of them arched their back up to get up, I
12 put my----
13.
MJ: How did they--we're kind of out of sequence here. They
14 came out, you told them...Specialist Cruz, take your time. We've got
15 all the time in the world. They came out, you among others told them
16 to take off their clothes.
17.
ACC: Yes, sir.
18.
MJ: And then, what happened right after that?
19.
ACC: They were handcuffed together, sir, near--I believe the
20 first time was standing up next to the actual bars of the cell.
21.
MJ: Okay, now did you handcuff them to each other? Did you
22 help the other ones handcuff----
29.
1.ACC: At this time--I did, yes, I'm not saying I did not, I did,
2 but not at this particular time.
3.
MJ: Okay, it starts out, somebody else is handcuffing them
4 together, and they're standing up?
5.
ACC: Right.
6.
MJ: What happened next?
7.
ACC: They were instructed to get on the ground, and that's when
8 I started with the handcuffing.
.
9 MJ: They got on the ground and then you started handcuffing.
8
10 ACC: Roger. 8
11 MJ: Now, were they any threat to you at this time? .
12 ACC: No, they were not.
.
13 MJ: You had a, what, half dozen, at least, soldiers there, if
14 not more? And these guys, were these guys obeying everything you
15 guys told them to do?
16.
ACC: They were.
17.
MJ: When you told them to take off their clothes, they took off
18 their clothes?
19.
ACC: Yes, sir. cgv-
20.
MJ: When"... pulled them out, one female specialist was able
21 to tell all three to come out?
22.ACC: Yes, sir.
30.
002970
DOD-046910
1.MJ: So there was no risk of these guys.
2.ACC: They were not a threat to us.
MJ: Why did you handcuff them then? I mean, was this part of
4 your...I mean, did you do it to protect yourself or did you do it to
5 mess with the guys, for want of a better term?
6.
ACC: I believe it would be the latter, to mess with them, sir.
7 And they clearly weren't any sort of threat to us. They couldn't
8 have inflicted any harm to any of us.
9.
MJ: And do you think when you did that, that caused them
10 physical suffering?
11.ACC: Yes, sir.
12.
MJ: And in this whole environment, having their clothes taken
13 off and putting them down----
14.
ACC: It was humiliating.
w,(-Ixo
15.
MJ: What happened next?
16.went to the
ACC: At some point right thereafter, Specialist.
17 second floor--before that, actually, there was a :time when two of
18 them were handcuffed on the ground. They were both handcuffed on the
19 ground. There was a third detainee off closer to the main exit door.
20 Specialist.
was asking that person, "Why did you rape this young
21 man?" And he exp ssed to him that he did not want him to lie, and
22 to tell him the truth
318
002971
DOD-046911
1.MJ: Did he say it like you saying it to me, or was it perhaps a
2 lot more forceful?
.
3 ACC: It was yelling and screaming. He wasn't happy at the time.
.
4 MJ: Did any of these guys speak English, to your knowledge?
.
5 ACC: No, sir. The civilian, whose name I can't pronounce
6 correctly----
7.
MJ: Was he kind of translating or....
8.
ACC: Roger, sir.
9.Ay50067-
MJ: Okay, go ahead.
10.
ACC: At one p i , the first overt act there I saw was
11 Specialist.o grab a detainee by...I don't remember if he was
12 wearing a jumpsuit or just grabbing him by the chest. I remember
13 grabbing this area.
14.
MJ: The upper chest area?
15.
ACC: Roger, and slapped him and said, "I know you're lying to
16 me. Tell me the truth."
17.
MJ: Okay, what happened next?
18.
ACC: I think he pulled them over to the two detainees and he
19 walked upstairs.
20.
MJ: Okay, was this guy, was he naked, too, then at that point,
21 or had he put his clothes back on?
32.G02972
ag2 6‘,(05
1.ACC: If he did have clothes on, and I don't think he did, sir.
2 He definitely was instructed to get them off by the time he got to
3 the other two detainees.
4.
MJ: So when you saying' may have grabbed his shirt, you're
5 just not sure whether he was undressed. Okay, so he goes back
6.
and....
7.
ACC: Second floor, someone was throwing a Nerf ball, initially.
8 I don't remember who it was. I know I saw specialists. up there.
9 He took a Nerf ball, football, and threw it down on the detainees.
10.MJ: And threw it down, and what did he do with it?
11.ACC: H just threw it down at the detainees, sir.
12.
MJ: Just to hit them?
13.
ACC: Roger.
14.
MJ: What were the detainees doing at this time?
15.
ACC: Nothing, they couldn't do anything, sir. They were
16 helpless, they were handcuffed.
17.
MJ: They were handcuffed? Were the handcuffs behind their back
18 or in front, or were they handcuffed together?
19.
ACC: They were handcuffed...all of the above, sir.
20.
MJ: The Ziploc--cuffs----
21.
ACC: Negative, metal----
22.
MJ: The metal regular handcuffs.
33
G32973
1.ACC: Right, like the handcuffs used back home in the State, not
2 zip ties, just metal.
3.MJ: What happened next?.
(4)c)/(*)
.
4 ACC: One of the senior ranking persons, Sergeant IMMIMOMMO
5 reorganized the handcuffs. That went on for a little bit. I cannot
6 tell you the logic to that one. Clearly there isn't, it was just a,
7 "I'm gonna handcuff them this way, and then I'm going to handcuff
them this way."
MJ: Okay.
10.ACC: And then, I went up to the second floor and I grabbed a
11 Nerf football.
12.
9.
MJ: Okay.
13.
ACC: I threw it, but I also say that I didn't hit the detainees,
14 but it was in the direction.
15.
MJ: You were trying to hit them?
16.
ACC: Yes, sir.
17.
MJ: I'm sorry?
18.
ACC: [No verbal response.]
19.
MJ: I saw you nod, it's just that the court reporter needs a
20 verbal.
21.What happened after that?
34. CO2974
DOD-046914
00405P1:05'
1.ACC: I went downstairs and leaned against the wall and I said,
2 at some point close to this, I noticed that one of the detainees
3 around the handcuffs was starting to bleed. And I looked at Corporal
4.and I said to him, "Hey, guy, that guy's bleeding. I
5 mean, some of this stuff you're telling me...whatever. This can't be
okay. He's bleeding. We've got to loosen those cuffs. We've got to
7 take them off. We've got to put a stop to this now."
8.
MJ: Okay.
9.
ACC: That went back and forth for a few minutes. It wasn't like
10 just one time, "Hey, he's bleeding," or anything like that.
11 Eventually, he got up, he went over and took the cuffs off. And then
12 pretty shortly thereafter, Specialist IMMOMMI left and I left, and I
13 would assume Specialist MS left soon thereafter. I don't know.
14.
MJ: During the time you were there, you said you'd...let's kind
15 of back up a little bit. There was a point where you put a foot on
16 them?
17.
ACC: Yes, sir.
18.
MJ: When was that?
19.
ACC: A detainee was low crawling and he tried to stand up, arch
20 up, and I just put my foot down on him.
21.
MJ: He was low crawling on all fours?
22.ACC: Negative, like a low crawl.
35
.6329751
DOD-046915
Okay,.
elbows and pulling along, and then he'd try to raise up and you put
your foot down,.
MJ:.like a low crawl, he was dragging himself on his
okay.
Now, did you tell them to crawl on the floor?
ACC: I'm sorry,.
sir?
MJ: Were you part of the group that told them to crawl on the
floor?
ACC: Yes,.
sir.
MJ: I'm sure that's before you put your foot on him.
ACC: Roger,.
sir.
MJ: And that was after the handcuffs had gone on, or before?
ACC: Before.
MJ: And how did that part of the incident come up?
ACC: At the time we just said,."Low crawl."
you know,.
MJ: And were they naked at the time?
ACC: In the beginning, no, but eventually, they were.
sir,.
MJ: Were they low crawling naked?
ACC: Yes,.
sir.
MJ: And you told them to low crawl?
ACC: Yes,.
sir.
MJ: And that was causing their genitals to drag along the
floor?
36 CO2976
a6e (0)(6)5,01) -
.
ACC: Yes, sir.
.
MJ: Now, when you walked in and you saw IMMO. SMOMMIOMM4 alles1 and..., and there were some others involved in this, also? .
ACC: Yes, sir.
.
MJ: And I suspect--how long did it take you to realize what was
happening here?
.
ACC: Pardon me?
.
MJ: You said you walked in, the detainees were in the cell
before...brought them out, right?
.
ACC: Right.
.MJ: They brought them out, ancgillphad said something to you
earlier, "Let's see what the MPs are going to be doing."
.
ACC: Roger.
.
MJ: And then, she brings them out, and then is that when the
abuse started when you were there?
.
ACC: Yes, sir.
.
MJ: So at that point, wasIIIIII,IIIIII 1111111 and
all involved in this?
.
ACC: IIMOOKAMMIS, 111111110Mili,11111111110 yes, sir.
.
MJ: And there were some other people involved, who you don't
know their names?
.
ACC: Yes, sir, I'm sorry, I wish I did. 37 .002977
1.MJ: No, no, no, no. The way it's charged, it says those four
2 names and others.
3.
ACC: Correct.
4.
MJ: So at that point, you realized that they were going to be
5 abusing these detainees?
6.
ACC: Yes, sir.
7.
MJ: And then did you, by your actions, join in with them in
8 this abuse?
9.
ACC: I did, sir.
10.MJ: Now, remember I talked to you about the conspiracy requires
11 an agreement, and that can be in a couple of ways. It could be, for
12 example in this case, you walk in saying, "Hey, I'll go along with
13 you guys, let's abuse the detainees," and that would be a verbal
14 agreement. Do you understand that?
15.
ACC: Yes, sir.
16.
MJ: Or by your actions, saying nothing at all, that could form
17 an agreement, also.
18.
ACC: Yes, sir.
19.
MJ: Do you believe your actions indicated your affirmative
20 agreement to go along with what they were about to do to maltreat the
21 detainees?
.
38 CO2978
DOD-046918
MCbkoSc i C-7k,
1 ACC: I think it was clear that it was a silent agreement that
was expressed through my actions.
.
3 MJ: And in your mind, that's what you were doing.
.
4 ACC: Yes, sir.
.
5 MJ: Now after you had, by your actions, joined in with this,
6 did Imo make the detainees do something with physical exercise?
.
7 ACC: Yes, sir.
.
8 MJ: What did he make them do?
.
9 ACC: Made them low crawl and a lot of PT, jumping jacks, roll
10 left or right.
11.MJ: And at the time, they were naked?
12.
ACC: Both, and yes, there were times that they were naked, yes,
13.
sir.
14.
MJ: And III" did he do anything with some water?
15.
ACC: Yes, sir.
16.
MJ: What did he do with water?
17.
ACC: He poured water on the detainees, sir.
18.
MJ: Why did he do that?
19.
ACC: I have no idea, sir.
20.
MJ: Let me back up. This was October, correct?
21.
ACC: Yes, sir.
22.
MJ: Even for Iraq, I suspect it was cool.
39.
032979
DOD-046919
8
1 ACC: Yes, sir.
.
2 MJ: And was cold water being poured on them?
.
3 ACC: Yes, sir.
4.
MJ: Do you believe that was part of the abusive behavior that
5 these guys were doing?
6.
ACC: It was, sir.
7.
MJ: And you understand the law of conspiracy, is that once you
8 join the agreement, you're responsible for all the acts?
9.
ACC: I do, sir.
10.MJ: Now Specialist Cruz, I need to talk a little more about
11 your training and background. You indicated earlier you're an
12 intelligence analyst?
13.
ACC: I am, sir.
14.
MJ: In your military job.
15.
ACC: Yes, sir.
16.
MJ: And as such, have you received training in the Geneva
17 Convention?
18.
ACC: I did receive Geneva Convention training at basic training.
19.
MJ: And have you ever received any specialized training in
20 interrogation, proper interrogation techniques?
002980
40
1.ACC: In interrogation techniques, the only thing I really
2 received, sir, was like on the job training, sir, but no like
3 schoolhouse training.
4.
MJ: Now, at the time, were these guys, the MPs told you that
5 these guys were suspected of raping a 15-year old boy in another part
6 of the prison, correct?
7.
ACC: At the time, it went from being a solid, "They did it," to
8 "We think, and suspect." But at first, it was, "These guys raped a
9 kid."
10.MJ: Were these guys, to your knowledge, have any type of
11 intelligence value?
12.
ACC: No, sir.
13.
MJ: I mean, were they in the facility to begin with because of
14 that, to your knowledge?
15.
ACC: To my knowledge, they were never interrogated for any
16 intelligence value whatsoever, sir.
17.
MJ: They were simply there for other type of criminal
18 misconduct.
19.
ACC: Most likely if they were in the hard site, sir, it was
20 either there was some kind of criminal misconduct or they were a
21 disciplinary problem, which was held on that side.
22.
MJ: Okay.
41 .002981
1.ACC: I mean, just from the talks in the interrogation control
2 room, you kind of have a feeling which guys are of intelligence
3 value, and I never heard anything about these guys having any kind of
4 intelligence value.
.
5 MJ: And in your position, you would have heard that, right?
.
6 ACC: I believe I would, sir.
.
7 MJ: I mean, is it usual if someone is going to be coming--an
8 intelligence detainee or a detainee for which there may be some
9 interrogation, I'm assuming there's some type of interrogation plan
10 developed?
11.ACC: Roger.
12.
MJ: And they're identified. Are you involved in that part of
13 the plan?
14.
ACC: Roger.
15.
MJ: So it's not just, all of a sudden people show up and the
16 MPs start interrogating these guys.
17.
ACC: MPs don't run interrogations, sir. I mean, they can help
18 with setting conditions, which is like, where are they going to live,
19 which camp, well, maybe in some cases the MI guys decide which camp.
20 But the interrogation process itself is supposed to be done by
21.
interrogators.
G02982
42
1.MJ: And the MP's role is simply, for want of a better term,
2 care and custody?
3.
ACC: And security.
4.
MJ: And security of these guys. So your job----
5.
ACC: We're not responsible for feeding them, etceteras.
6.
MJ: But the MPs aren't responsible for interrogating them.
7.
ACC: They do not interrogate.
8.
MJ: They do not interrogate. And at your level, you're at the
9 tactical level down there where the rubber meets the road, and the
10 MPs were not there to interrogate, they were simply to provide
11 security and other types of things.
12.
ACC: I never once saw an MP do an interrogation.
13.
MJ: Never saw them----
14.
ACC: Now, I've seen them in the facilities and I've seen them
15 provide security and walk them to and from. But the interrogation
16 process itself is solely done by either civilian or military
17 interrogators.
18.
MJ: Through----
19.
ACC: MI or----
20.
MJ: You're MI, okay. So then would it be fair to say that to
21 your knowledge, there was no direction from any level to tell the MPs
22 to interrogate these guys?
43.002983
DOD-046923
1.ACC: I can't imagine that happening, sir.
2.
MJ: You just find that....
3.
ACC: I can't imagine anyone telling an MP to go interrogate.
4.
MJ: And then what they were doing to these guys, was it any way
or shape--do you believe that they were performing something of a
6 military authorized function of interrogating them, or did they just
7 want to take their chance to abuse detainees?
8.
ACC: They wanted to take their chance, sir.
9.
MJ: Did anyone make any remarks that would indicate to you that
10 that's what they were doing?
11.ACC: Yes, sir..
o
12.
MJ: And what was that?
. (41(-0 ) 0 V)
13.I mean I
ACC: At one point, when I asked Sergeant.
14 asked throughout the night, "Are we within our norms here? I mean, I
15 know what my IROE is," that's interrogation rules of engagement.
16.
MJ: And your IROE says you don't do this.
17.
ACC: Right, sir. You can't touch them except for handcuffing
18 them, sir. "What's your SOP, and what's your ROE," and he said that
19 he was in the green and he was good. And then right after that in
20 the same conversation, Corporal IMO said that--well, Sergeant
21 011111110said that, "Well, the thing is, this kind of thing right
22 here doesn't happen back home." He works in a correctional facility
44. CO2984
66,62)s,eit)
1 somewhere, I don't emember where, but he said he worked in the jail.
2 And then Corporal said, you know, he loves this shit. Hey,
3 this is what he lives for.
.
4 MJ: What was he referring to when he said that?
.
5 ACC: What's happening to the detainees, sir.
.
6 MJ: Now, I know you're not an MP, but when you walked in and
7 you saw what was happening, did you know it was wrong?
ACC: Yes, sir.
9.
MJ: Did you know your participation was wrong?
10.ACC: Yes, sir.
11.MJ: Even though you were upset about what happened to your
12 friend, do you think that gave you a legal reason to do this to these
13 detainees?
14.
ACC: No reason, sir.
15.
MJ: There's an explanation, but I'm just saying....
16.
ACC: There's no way to justify that, sir.
17.
MJ: And you knew it was wrong at the time, sir.
18.
ACC: Yes, sir.
19.
MJ: And today you know it's wrong.
20.
ACC: I do, sir.
21.
MJ: Does either side believe any further inquiry is required?
22.
TC: No, Your Honor. 45. CO2985
DOD-046925
1.CDC: No, Your Honor.
2.
MJ: Trial counsel, I would assume that the maximum permissible
3 punishment in this case is the jurisdictional limit of this court?
.
4 TC: Yes, sir.
.
5 MJ: Do you agree?
.
6 CDC: Yes, Your Honor.
.
7 MJ: Special Cruz, the maximum punishment authorized in this
8 case based solely on your guilty plea is confinement for one year,
9 reduction to the grade of Private El; forfeiture of two-thirds pay
10 per month for 12 months, a bad-conduct discharge, and a fine may also
11 be adjudged. Do you understand that?
12.
ACC: Yes, sir.
13.
MJ: Do you also understand that based on your plea alone, this
14 court could sentence you to the maximum punishment of which I just
15 stated?
16.ACC: I do, sir.
17.MJ: There is a pretrial agreement?
18.Yes, sir.
TC:.
19.
MJ: Mark the offer portion as Appellate Exhibit II, the quantum
20 as Appellate Exhibit III. Defense, have copies of both documents in
21.
front of the accused.
46.002986
DOD-046926
1.Specialist Cruz, I have before me what's marked as
2 Appellate Exhibit II, which is the offer portion of your pretrial
3 agreement. You should have both this document and also Appellate
4 Exhibit III. Did you sign this pretrial agreement?
.
5 ACC: The offer to plead guilty, sir?
.
6 MJ: Yes.
.
7 ACC: Yes, I did.
.
8 MJ: Did you read it thoroughly before you signed it?
.
9 ACC: I read it, sir, yes, sir.
10.MJ: Do you understand the contents of your pretrial agreement?
11.ACC: I understand, sir.
12.
MJ: Did anyone force you in any way to enter into this
13 agreement?
14.
ACC: No, sir.
15.
MJ: Does this agreement contain all the understandings or
16 agreements that you have in this case?
17.
ACC: Yes, sir.
18.
MJ: Has anyone made any promises to you that are not written
19 into this agreement in an attempt to get you to plead guilty?
20.
ACC: No, sir.
47.CO2987
1.MJ: Counsel, are Appellate Exhibits II and III the full and
2 complete agreement in this case and are you satisfied there are no
3 other agreements?
.
4 TC: Yes, sir.
.
5 CDC: Yes, Your Honor.
.
6 MJ: Specialist Cruz, basically, a pretrial agreement means you
7 agree to plead guilty, and in return, the convening authority agrees
8 to take some favorable action in your case, usually in the form of
9 limiting a sentence that he will approve. Do you understand that?
10.ACC: Yes, sir.
11.MJ: The law requires that I discuss the agreement with you.
12 Let's go over Appellate Exhibit II together. The first paragraph
13 said you talked it over with your attorneys and you've decided to
14 plead guilty as you have done, pretty straight forward. Do you have
15 question about that provision?
16.
ACC: No, sir.
17.
MJ: Paragraph 2 says you agree to do as stated in the offer to
18 plead guilty, and in return, the convening authority will take the
19 actions set forth in Appendix I, which I've now labeled as Appellate
20 Exhibit III. In other words, you do what's in Appellate Exhibit II
21 and they do what's in--or he does what's in Appellate Exhibit III.
22 Is that your understanding?
48 .032988
DOD-046928
1.ACC: Yes, Your Honor.
2.
MJ: Now paragraph 3 has got a lot of parts to it. The first
3 one, 3 Alpha deals with the stipulation of fact. We've discussed
4 that, what it is and what it can be used for. Do you have any
5 question about the stipulation of fact?
6.
ACC: No, sir.
7.
MJ: Now 3 Bravo deals with your testimony in other cases, in
8 that the convening authority will give you testimonial immunity, and
9 after he does that, you have to cooperate fully with the trial
10 counsel in the investigation and prosecution of Specialist OM
11 Sergeant MI. Staff Sergeant 4111111MO, Corporal IMMO Specialist
12 IIMMIIMM, Specialist WM, PFC INOMMOO, and any other soldier or,/,/
13 civilian charged based on misconduct at the Baghdad Central
14 Confinement Correctional--excuse me, Confinement Facility at Abu
15 Ghraib. Now, what testimonial immunity means is that the convening
16 authority will sign a piece of paper saying that anything you say in
17 the course of this cooperation cannot be used against you. Do you
18 understand that?
ACC: Yes, sir..
19.W64_704
20.
MJ: And Mr. gift you've explained to him the difference 21 between testimonial and transactional immunity and he understands 22 what he's getting?
r‘ lonon
49 Ut.14..aua
1.CDC: Yes, Your Honor.
2.
MJ: And it talks about what "cooperate fully" means. It means
3 full disclosure to the trial counsel of all information known by you
4 relating to the treatment or maltreatment of any alleged abuses at
5 the Abu Ghraib facility; the identifications of anybody that you see
6 in digital photos on a compact disk entitled "CPU Exam," in the Abu
7 (-WV 70.1r-Criminal Investigation Division file. I'm assuming, Mr. Oftd, you
8 know what that refers to, the CPU Exam, do you know what that means?
.
9 CDC: No, Your Honor.
8
10 MJ: No, I'm saying, it says a compact disk titled this. 8
11 CDC: Oh, yes, sir, yes, sir. .
12 MJ: I don't know what it means, but I'm assuming you guys know
13 what it means, some disk that CID has.
14.
CDC: Yes, sir.
15.
MJ: And then testify at any Article 32 investigation, courts-
16 martial and evidentiary hearings relative to the investigation and
17 prosecution of imp gemV
1111111, glimpor anybody
18 else. Do you understand that?
ato) !vs-
ACC: Yes, sir.
20.
19.
MJ: Basically, you get the testimonial grant of immunity, then
21 you fully cooperate. Do you understand that?
22.ACC: I understand, sir.
50 .CO2990
1.MJ: And although it's not written in here, defense, I would
2 assume that it's also necessarily by implication the accused is also
3 subject to be interviewed by the defense counsel for the various
4 people named here.
.
5 CDC: Yes, Your Honor.
.
6 MJ: Do you understand that?
.
7 ACC: Yes, sir.
.
8 MJ: Three Charlie talks about the judge alone request, we've
9 already discussed that. Do you have any questions about that
10 provision?
11.ACC: No, Your Honor.
12.
MJ: Now, there's also a second three Charlie, which I'm
13 assuming is just a typo. And what this says, the government will not
14 be required to physically produce any witness from the United States
15 to testify on your behalf on sentencing. This s*mply means is that
16 under R.C.M. 1001, you can have witnesses come and testify on your
17 behalf on the sentencing proceeding. And what you're saying, you're
18 not going to require the government to produce them physically from
19 the United States. Do you understand that?
20.
ACC: Yes, sir.
21.
MJ: But it does not preclude you from presenting that evidence 22 to the court in all sorts of other ways. You can do it by letters, 51 .CO2991
1 stipulation of expected testimony, telephonic testimony or something
2 else. Do you understand that?
3.
ACC: Yes, sir..
(4) ciocc) r
4.
MJ: Paragraph 4 says you've talked it over with Mr.IIIIIs and
5 you're satisfied with his advice. Have you talked it over with Mr.
.
7 ACC: Thoroughly, sir.
8.
MJ: And you're satisfied with his advice?
9.
ACC: I am, sir.
10.MJ: Five says the government initiated these negotiations, but
11 you're pleading voluntarily and freely after advice of counsel. Is
12 all that true?
13.
ACC: Yes, sir.
14.
MJ: Paragraph 6 will not appear to apply to this case, since no
15 specification has been amended or consolidated. I assume that's
16 boilerplate, defense, just included--it doesn't apply, true?
17.
CDC: Yes, sir.
18.
MJ: Basically 6 is something lawyers put in every one of these
19 things, and nine times out of ten, it doesn't apply, and it doesn't
20 apply to your case. It's just in there.
21.Paragraph 7 has got some things that we'll talk about if
22 the agreement--what could cause the agreement to be canceled. If you
52 .002992
DOD-046932
1 withdraw from your guilty plea at any time, the agreement is
2 canceled. Do you understand that?
3.
ACC: Yes, sir.
4.
MJ: Do you want to withdraw from your guilty plea?
5.
ACC: No, sir.
6.
MJ: If you change your mind, let me know, okay?
7.
ACC: Yes, sir.
8.
MJ: Secondly, is if you fail to plead guilty as above, or if
9 the stipulation of fact is modified without your consent or the trial
10 counsel. Now, neither one of those things has happened. If either
11 one of those things were to happen, I'll revisit this provision. Do
12 you understand that?
13.
ACC: Yes, sir.
14.
MJ: And lastly, in 7 Charlie, it says, if the military judge
15 refuses to accept your plea or changes your plea of guilty during the
16 trial. That means if at any point between now and when sentence is
17 announced, if you tell me anything that is inconsistent with the
18 guilty plea, I will have to reopen this inquiry. And if I can't
19 resolve the inconsistency, I will have to enter a plea of not guilty
20 on your behalf. The case returns to the point when I asked, "How do
21 you plead?" and then proceeds from there forward as a not guilty plea
22 case. Do you understand that?
53.
CO2993
1.ACC: Yes, sir.
2.
MJ: So if that were to happen, you'd lose your pretrial
3 agreement and also the stipulation of fact is canceled. Do you
4 understand that?
5.
ACC: Yes, sir.
6.
MJ: Again, if that were to come up, we'll talk about it in more
7 detail. So far, that's not, but if it does, understand, that's from
8 now until the sentence is actually announced. Do you understand
9 that?
10.ACC: Yes, Your Honor.
11.MJ: And paragraph 8, it says that Appellate Exhibits II and III
12 are the full and complete agreements in the case and there's no other
13 agreements. Is that your understanding, also?
14.
ACC: Yes, sir.
15.
MJ: There isn't anything else other than what's in this piece
16 of paper, I'm holding Appellate Exhibit II and Appellate Exhibit III?
17 Is that correct?
18.
ACC: They're the same thing, right, sir?
19.
MJ: No.
20.
ACC: Oh, yes, sir.
54 .G02994
1.MJ: What you are holding in your hand is the same thing, but
2 you're looking at something else I'm not going to look at for a
3 while.
4.
ACC: I understand, that's correct.
MJ: But that's the whole agreement.
6.
ACC: Yes, sir.
7.
MJ: Now, I'm not going to look at Appellate Exhibit III until
8 after I announce the sentence in your case. But I want you to look
9 at it now and read it silently to yourself and then tell me whether
10 that is what you and the convening authority agreed to.
11.CDC: Your Honor, can I approach the trial counsel?
12.
MJ: Sure.
13.
[CDC retrieved document from TC.]
14.
ACC: [Accused read Appellate Exhibit III.] Yes, sir.
15.
MJ: Is that what you agreed to?
16.
ACC: That is, Your Honor.
17.
MJ: Now, Specialist Cruz, you're going to get the benefit of
18 whichever is less, the sentence adjudged by this court or what the
19 convening authority agreed to in that document. If the sentence
20 adjudged by this court is greater than the one provided in the
21 pretrial agreement, the convening authority must reduce the sentence
22 to one no more severe than the one in your pretrial agreement. On
55 . G02995
the other hand, if the sentence of this court is less than the one in
2 your agreement, the convening authority cannot increase the sentence
3 adjudged. Do you understand that?
4.
ACC: Yes, Your Honor.
5.
MJ: Now, have you had enough time to discuss this pretrial
6 agreement with your defense counsel? Have you had enough time to
7 talk this over with----
8.
ACC: Yes, I have had enough time, yes, sir.
9.
MJ: Are you satisfied with his advice concerning this pretrial
10 agreement?
8
11 ACC: Yes, sir. .
12 MJ: Did you enter into the agreement of your own free will?
.
13 ACC: I did, sir.
14.
MJ: Did anyone try to force you to make this pretrial
15 agreement?
16.
ACC: No, sir.
17.
MJ: Do you have any questions about your pretrial agreement?
18.
ACC: No, sir.
19.
MJ: Do you fully understand the terms of the pretrial agreement
20 and how they affect your case?
21.
ACC: Yes, sir.
56 .CO2996
1.MJ: Are you pleading guilty not Only because you hope to
2 receive a lighter sentence, but also because you are convinced that
3 you are, in fact, guilty?
4.
ACC: I am, sir.
5.
MJ: Do counsel for both sides agree with the court's
6 interpretation of the pretrial agreement?
.
7 TC: Yes, sir.
.
8 CDC: Yes, Your Honor.
.
9 MJ: Now, Specialist Cruz, I just want to go over one other
10 thing that occurred to me. When you saw the--when you told me
11 earlier about you saw some bleeding on one of the detainee's wrists
12.
from the....
13.
ACC: The handcuffs, sir?
14.
MJ: From the handcuffs. And you said something to the effect
15 is that, "Would you stop doing this?" or something.
16.
ACC: I said, "We should loosen them."
17.
MJ: You were referring just to the handcuffs?
18.
ACC: Yes, sir.
19.
MJ: Were you referring to the continuing abuse being done at
20 the time?
21.
ACC: I left right after that, sir.
57 .G02997
DOD-046937
1.MJ: You left right after that. But up to that point, had you 2 said anything to anybody after you joined in with everybody else to 3 indicate you didn't want to participate?
8
4 ACC: No, sir, I never withdrew.
8
5 MJ: Until--you left after the handcuff....
8
6 ACC: Well, that's when I physically....
8
7 MJ: Physically left, okay.
8
8 Defense counsel, have you had enough time and opportunity 9 to discuss this case with your client? 10.
CDC: Yes, Your Honor. 11.MJ: And Specialist Cruz, have you had enough time and 12 opportunity to discuss your case with your defense counsel? 138ACC: Yes, sir. 148MJ: And have you, in fact, consulted fully with your defense 15 counsel and received the full benefit of his advice? 16 ACC: Yes, sir. 17 MJ: Specialist Cruz, I'm going to ask you to speak up a little 188bit. 19 ACC: I'm sorry, sir. 20 MJ: I think the court reporter may have a tough time hearing 218you. 22 ACC: Yes, sir.
58 8 G02998
1.MJ: Are you satisfied that your defense counsel's advice is in
2 your best interest?
3.
ACC: Yes, sir.
4.
MJ: And are you satisfied with your defense counsel?
5.
ACC: I am, sir.
6.
MJ: Are you pleading guilty voluntarily and of your own free
7 will?
8.
ACC: Yes, sir.
9.
MJ: Has anyone made any threat or tried in any way to force you
10 to plead guilty?
11.
ACC: No, sir.
12.
MJ: Do you have any questions as to the meaning and effect of a
13 plea of guilty?
14.
ACC: Do I have any questions?
15.
MJ: Do you have any questions about the meaning and effect of a
16 plea of guilty?
17.
ACC: No, sir.
18.
MJ: Do you fully understand the meaning and effect of a plea of
19 guilty?
20.
ACC: I understand, sir.
21.
MJ: Do you understand that even though you believe you are
22 guilty, you have the legal and moral right to plead not guilty and to
59.
tir.6 4.6 19 9 .9
1 place upon the government the burden of proving your guilt beyond a
2 reasonable doubt?
3.
ACC: Yes, sir.
4.
MJ: Take one last moment now and consult with your defense
5 counsel and tell me whether you still wish to plead guilty. [Accused
6 conferred with his counsel.]
.
7 Do you still wish to plead guilty?
.
8 ACC: I want to plead guilty, sir.
.
9 MJ: Specialist Cruz, I find your plea of guilty is made
10 voluntarily and with full knowledge of its meaning and effect. I
11 further find that you have knowingly, intelligently and consciously
12 waived your rights against self-incrimination, to a trial of the
13 facts by a court-martial and to be confronted by the witnesses
14 against you. Accordingly, your plea of guilty is provident and is
15 accepted. However, I advise you that you may request to withdraw
16 your guilty plea at any time before your sentence is announced and if
17 you have a good reason for your request, I will grant it. Do you
18 understand that?
19.
ACC: Yes, sir.
20.
MJ: Accused and counsel, please rise. [The accused and his
21.
counsel stood.]
t03000
60
DOD-046940
1.Specialist Armin J. Cruz, in accordance with your plea of
2 guilty, this court finds you:
.
3 Of both Charges and their Specifications: Guilty.
.
4 Please be seated.
.
5 Specialist Cruz, we're now entering the sentencing phase of
6 the trial where you have the right to present matters in extenuation
7 and mitigation, that is, matters about the offenses or yourself that
8 you want me to consider in deciding your sentence.
9.In addition to testimony of witnesses and the offering of
10 documentary evidence, you may yourself testify under oath as to these
11 matters or you may remain silent, in which case, I will not draw any
12 adverse inference from your silence.
13.On the other hand, if you desire, you may make an unsworn
14 statement. Because the statement is unsworn, you cannot be cross-
15 examined on it. However, the government may offer evidence to rebut
16 any statement of fact contained in an unsworn statement.
17.An unsworn statement may be made orally, in writing, or
18 both. It may be made by you, by your counsel on your behalf, or by
19.
both.
20.Do you understand these rights?
21.
ACC: I understand, sir.
61.G03001
DOD-046941
1.MJ: Defense counsel, is the personal data on the front page of
2 the charge sheet correct?
3.
CDC: Yes, Your Honor.
4.
MJ: Has the accused been punished in any way prior to trial
5 that would be illegal punishment under Article 13?
6.
CDC: No, Your Honor.
7.
MJ: Has he been under any form of pretrial restraint, other
8 than the normal limitation on soldiers' movements in this theater?
9.
CDC: No, Your Honor.
10.MJ: Trial counsel, do you have any documentary evidence to
11 present on sentencing?
12.
TC: Yes, sir. The government would move to admit the enlisted
13 record brief of the accused.
14.
MJ: The ERB of the accused has been marked as Prosecution
15 Exhibit 2 for identification.
16.Defense counsel, have you had an opportunity to review this
17 document?
18.
CDC: Yes, Your Honor.
19.
MJ: There are some pen and ink corrections you've made?
20.
CDC: I'm sorry, sir?
21.
MJ: There's been some pen and ink corrections?
22.
CDC: Yes, Your Honor.
8
62 t 02