Army Memo: Report on Detention and Corrections Operations in Iraq

DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY OFFICE OF TfiE PROVOST MAMML GENERAL . IWO ARMY PENTAGON • WASEMIGTON DC 20310-2000 REPLY TO ATTENTION OF DAPM-MP-Cl 6 November 2003 MEMORANDUM FORCommanding General, Combined Joint Task Force-7, Iraq SUBJECT: Assessment of Detention and Corrections Operations in Iraq 1. Reference Memorandum, CG, CJTF-7, Subject: Detention and Corrections Operations — Request for Assistance, dated 11 August 2003. 2. This report documents the detention and corrections operations assessment and assistance completed during the period of 13 October — 6 November 2003. 3. The report includes the background and methodology employed by the assistance team. It also addresses each of the areas specified in the request with recommended solutions in the near term (from now until the next unit rotations occur o/a Feb 04), mid term (0IF 2 rotation from o/a Feb 04-Feb 05), and long term (Feb 05 and after). 4. Planners from CJTF-7 PMO, CFLCC PMO, 800 th MP Brigade and its subordinate units, have established the groundwork for a successful transition from a Coalition Forces dependant correctional system to one managed and operated by the Iraqi Prison Department under the supervision and support of the Coalition Provisional Authority Ministry of Justice Prison Department (C.PA MOJ), with assistance of 01F-2 forces. 5. The team appreciated the courtesies and cooperation provided throughout the visit by all headquarters and staff elements. In particular, we received excellent support from 6. POC for the attached report is LTC Mark Inch, DSN 225-8499, commercial (703) 695-8499, mark.inch@us.army.mil or Mr. Michael Shannon, DSN 225-4357, commercial (703) 695-4357, Michael.Shannon@hoda-aoc.army.pentadonsnil, Corrections and Internment Branch, Office of the Provost Marshal General. DONALD"J RYDER General. US's Pro'./r.-... , sl Marshal Grneial REPORT ON DETENTION AND CORRECTIONS OPERATIONS IN IRAQ OFFICE OF THE PROVOST MARSHAL GENERAL OF THE ARMY November 5, 2003 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Table of Contents Executive Summary 1 Background 4 Methodology 6 Detention and Corrections System Management 9 Detainee Management (including movement, segregation and accountability)...... 16 Means of Command and Control of the Detention and Corrections System 24 Integration of Military Detention and Corrections Operations with CPA and adequacy of plans for transition to an Iraqi-run system 32 Detainee Medical Care, Health Management and Medical Operations Assessment 36 Detention facilities that meet required health, hygiene, and sanitation standards 42 Court Integration and Docket Management for Criminal Detainees 46 Detainee Legal Processing 54 Detainee Databases and Records (including integration with law enforcement and court databases) 60 Conclusion 67 Annexes/Resources: A. Facility Summaries B. Audit Instruments C. Assistance Team Briefing D. Corrections Train-the-Trainer Training Program E. Locally Employed Person Security Screening Program F. Emergency Action Plan SOP G. References 3 Executive Summary •-• Coalition Forces are detaining EPW's and Civilian Internees Sboth security internees and criminal detainees) in accordance With DOD DireCtiVeS and accepted U.S. and international practices. To date, Coalition Forces have procesied over 30,000 detainees. The transition to an Iraqi-run corrections operation is.progressing, though there is disparate progress in different re G 'ons/unit areas:of responsibility throughout the . country. . .. • • Eq,19V07 As reconstruction of larger regional prisont, detention cen ers and additional city jails approach completion (or are approved for funding), there will be , a future challenge to train sufficient Iraqi Corrections Officers in basic tasks,intermediate level supervision, and senior leVel mai • I ent. Generally, conditions in existing prisons, detention facilities and jails meet minimal standards of health, sanitation, security, and human rights established by the Geneva Conventions and encouraged in the Practical Guidelines for the Establishment of Correctional Services within United Nations Peace Operations. There is room for continued improvement in all areas. New prison facilities must be constructed during the next one to three years to achieve projected prison bed capacity requirements (approx 23,000 within five years). This will require a major capital investment to ensure appropriate security, health care, adequate living space, food service, and staff training (custody and control, security and safety, and basic human rights). In the near term, CPA should continue to prioritize training of Iraqi Correctional Officers in basic tasks and aggressively hire sufficient corrections subject matter experts to mentor Iraqi prison officials on the application of effective correctional practices and ensure humane treatment of detainees and prisoners. additionally, the CPA must work with the Iraqi Ministries of Justice, Finance, and Interior to develop the processes and procedures necessary to ensure adequate staff recruitment, training, and appropriate pay (wages equivalent to Iraqi police and paid in a timely manner). With the limited resources available, critical programs that will ensure that the fledgling Iraqi prison system will have adequate capacity vs,hde eserving basic human rights of prisoners and detainees While this report addresses each of the requested topic areas in the CJTF-7 memorandum, the major themes of this assessment include: 1. Consolidation, The Coalition Detention and Iraqi Prison systems will achieve greater efficiehcies In detainee and corrections o • - rations with a small number of large facilities. •• • •7":,"".:•i• --• . . • • . •• • • 2. Separation. Currently, due to the lack of Iraqi prison facilities and the ongoing consolidation efforts at the Abu Ghurayb complex, Iraqi criminals are detained with security internees (generally Iraqi-on-Coalition offenses) and EPWs; though segregated in different cells/compounds ••••••-••• - '• '; ' • 3. Standardization. There is a wire variance in standards and a roaches at the various detention facilitie However, it s ould also •e noted iffat the assessmen team members did not identify any military police units purposely applying inappropriate confinement practices. Conversely, Military Police units of the 800" 1 MP Si igade operating in the 101 sI ABN (AA) Division area of operation have established superb operations at Ilie Mosul Regional Correctional Facility in Badush. as have 800''' and B ilr sh (3 RMP) units at lhe al-Hillah Regional Correctional Facility and al-Macioal Jail. The 4111 1D collection point was equally impressive. Consistently, thOse units that had soldiers with previous military or civilian corrections experience employed more effective and appropriate procedures, knowing what 'right" looked like. Though Coalition Provisional Authority Memorandum #2 (Management of Detention and Prison Facilities) provides general guidelines, it does not providesufficient detail to serve as Standing Operating Procedures. On a larger scale, there is not clear boundary between which facilities will remain under the control of the Ministry of Interior (police) and those that will transfer to.the control of .the Ministry of Justice. Standardization Is not intended to result in centralized control of detainee and corrections operations or inhibit initiative, but merely to set and attain reasonable standards throughout the theater. 4. Enable CPA MOJ. The Corrections experts in CPA Ministry of Justice Prisons Department have experienced a high turnover rate and slow recruitment. The current 'administrators are proven experts in corrections, and appear very committed to the establishment of a viable Iraqi corrections . system. Unfortunately, they are understaffed and are still assessin • the current situation and immediate re • uirements. CPA MOJ woul s a so • enefit from aggressive y see ing a contractor (o.g., MPR , ynacotps, etc.) to develop and conduct Iraqi corrections officer training for initial entry, intermediate and manager level personnel. The training burden will increase when construction of the larger regional correctional facilities is complete. 5. Enable decentralized execution/initiative. The units in the 101 st ABN (AA) Div have achieved great success, due in great part to the supportive command climate established by the. Division. Commander and his emphasis on the use of Commanders Emergency Relief Program (CERP) funds for prison projects to augment CPA spending. The current level of reconstruction of prisons (both completed and funded for future construction) and the training of Iraqi personnel is solid, and will continue to excel with sustained adequate funding. The SOPs and standardized training programs developed by the 310th MP Bn in al-Hillah are very thorough and should be considered for use at other locations. Both the North and South are quickly approaching a monitoring stage, in which only a small corrections cell (one MP MAJ/CPT, one Engineer CPT/1 LT and two Corrections NCOs; E7/E6) will be necessary to work with CPA MOJ and the Iraqi Prisons personnel, at least until the larger regional facilities are established. CPA MOJ should take advantage of the initiative and energy of the military police units in theater by pushing funds to the commanders as quickly as possible, trusting the commanders to appropriately obligate both reconstruction and operational funds. Lessons learned regarding necessary changes in doctrine and organizational structure related to detention and corrections operations will not be addressed in any detail in this report. The team did identify a significant paradigm shift in standard EPW/Detainee operations doctrine, as applied to post-hostilities detention of security internees, let alone the reconstruction of the Iraqi prison system. Similar doctrinal lessons learned had been identified in Operation Enduring Freedom, leading to work on an MP Bottom­up Review and Force Design Update. The team will forward suggested doctrinal and organizational changes to the appropriate proponent schools for review and action . Background Prior to October 2002, Iraq housed over 100,000 inmates in prison facilities under the supervision of a number of government ministries; most notably the Ministry of Interior, Ministry of Labor and Social Services, Internal Security Agency, and the Military. Most prisons were operated in secrecy and did not conform to international standards for humane treatment or appropriate living conditions and correctional practices. Prior to the conflict with Coalition Forces, Saddam Hussein issued Decree 225 (Oct 02), releasing all prisoners. Only the prison officials in the Kurdish-controlled North defied that order. Following the decree, the already antiquated prison facilities fell into greater disrepair, which was only compounded during and after the war as Iraqi citizens looted and destroyed most of the existing prisons and jails. Further, there appears to have been a systematic program to destroy all prison administrative documents, to include policies and procedures, records of inmates and employee files. Consequently, the reconstruction of the Iraqi prison system—to include facilities, personnel, and practices—was practically initiated from scratch. In May 2003, five prison experts and an accountant from the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom, under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Justice International Criminal Investigative Training Assistance Program (ICITAP), conducted an assessment of the Iraqi Prison system. The team produced a report titled, "Prisons and Detention Centers in Iraq: An Assessment and Recommendations for Prisons in a Free Society", dated 15 June 2003. The report included a basic assessment of 21 prisons and detention centers in Iraq and provided a series of recommendations for establishing a humane, functioning corrections system. Concurrently, the team initiated planning for a future Iraqi-run prison system. They drafted Coalition Provisional Authority Order # 10, "Management of Detention and Prison Facilities," and the more expansive CPA Memorandum #2 (of the same Title), both published on 8 June 2002. The policy order places "full authority and control over all detention and prison facilities...[under] the Ministry of Justice." Regrettably, the policy does not clearly define the difference between MOJ-run Detention Facilities and Ministry of Interior/Police-run City Jails. The memorandum does provide general program guidance and standards, tracking closely with the Practical Guidelines for the Establishment of Correctional Services within United Nations Peace Operations, and even provides more detailed instruction in such areas as discipline, instruments of restraint, and treatment of prisoners awaiting trial. The memorandum provides sufficient guidance to develop standing operating procedures (SOP) for Iraqi facilities, but cannot serve as a substitute for a detailed SOP. Currently only the British financial specialist remains from the original team that conducted the initial assessment and support to CPA MOJ, while the six new staff members from the United States, Korea and Spain have less than 45-days experience in Iraq. The personnel turnover and slow rate of hiring has inhibited progress on the recommendations in the report, though the initiative of Coalition Forces has mitigated some of the impact. CPA MOJ continues to pursue hiring actions to eventually field an organization of 110 international staff (primarily US prison experts) and 102 Iraqi staff. 4 Until CPA MOJ brings on its additional personnel and is capable of functioning on its own, Coalition Military Police personnel and units will need to continue to support fait, detention center and • operations, and the Iraqi Cofrectional Officer training program. The units supporting these . sbc facilities are not currently organized for rotational deployment in support of contingency operations. On the other hand, according to the American Correctional Association, as many as 9,000 . civilian correctional officers serve in the U.S. Army Reserves and National Guard. The presence of civilian correctional officers in Reserve Military Police UnitS that deployed in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom was purely a matter of chance and coincidence (e.g., the 310th MP Bn has twelve civilian correctional officers). Since the transfer of authority (TOA) on 15 June 2003 bdtween CFLCC and CJTF-7, the 800th MP Brigade, a theater asset, was tasked to expand from its previous standard EPW operations, to add detention of Security Internees, High Value Detainees, Criminal Detainees and support the establishment of Iraqi jails and prisons throughout Iraq. Additionally, the Brigade's mission includes securing the MEK, providing assistance to the CPA Prisons Department, and coordinating detainee movements (including court appearances by Iraqi criminals). An implied task has been training Iraqi Correctional Officers (over 1,400 correctional officers to date). Currently the 800 th operates two 12, rn with a capacity of intement facilities (IF); on approximately 4,000 detainees an one in with a capacity of 61511i approximately 3,000 (will expand to 4,000 once he winterization project is complete), focused primarily on detaining security internees, but also holding criminal detainees till Iraqi prisons and detention centers expand capacity. The 800th MP Brigade reports that Military Police support 15 Iraqi Jails, Detention Centers and Prisons. This number varies depending on definitions of police jails, vice police detention cells, and police jails, vice detention centers and • risons. The 800th reports that quip Current capacity in these facilities is approximately 4,500 an , I ough again, may be less when applying an International Standard of twenty-five square feet per prisoner (as established by the CPA MOJ Prisons Department). Of those fifteen facilities, three are currently undergoing renovations to increase capacity, while eight other facilities in Iraq are undergoing various phases of refurbishment and construction. When current funded projects are complete, these facilities may increase capacity to as many as 10,500 criminal detainees. The current detainee population in Coalition facilities is approximately 10,600, consisting of: 3,860 MEK members; 3,660 security internees; 2,700 criminals; 162 juveniles; 117 EPWs and 101 high value detainees. . Methodology The Commanding General, CJTF-7, LTG Ricardo S. Sanchez, requested a team of subject matter experts to assess, and make specific recommendations concerning detention and corrections operations in Iraq. (End 1) US Central Command coordinated for technical assistance with the Department of the Army; the Executive Agent for the DoD EPW/Detainee Program. 'The Office of the Provost .Marshal General of the Army assumed responsibility for forming the team. The team members were selected based on experience and education in the field of corrections and in those additional areas indicated as requiring assistance (i.e., legal, medical, automation). From 13 October to 6 November 2003, MG Donald J. -Ryder, the Provost Marshal General of the Army, led the assessment/assistance team of subject matter experts, which included: MP; Director, Command & General Staff School; former Commandant, United States Disciplinary Barracks (USDB), Commander, 704 th MP Bn & Ft Lewis Regional Correctional Facility, and Staff Officer at the USDB; MA degree in Criminal Justice (Corrections) -111111110.111111111.0JA, Military Judge (OTJAG Rep); Mobilized Reservist, Indiana State Circuit Court Judge; Juris Doctor degree MP, Deputy Commandant, USDB; former Commander of Ft Knox Regional Correc tonal Facility and Mannheim Confinement Facility, MA degree in Criminal Justice (Corrections); American Correctional Association (ACA) Certified Correctional Executive and Auditor MP, Chief, Corrections & Internment Branch (OPMG); former Battalion Commander, 705th MP Bn (USDB) and Commander,- Ft Ord Area Confinement Facility; OIC for Somali Police and Prison program (UNOSOM II); MA degree in Geography (Middle East) S (Social Worker), Health Care Administrator, USDB (10 Years experience at SDB); Masters of Social Work degree, National Commission on Correctional Health Care (NCCHC) Certified Correctional Health Care Professional, ACA Certified Correctional Manager and Auditor PW/Detainee Program Manager (OPMG), former ACA Deputy Director of Standards and Accreditation and Executive Director of the California Correctional Association; US Air Force Reserves Counter-Intelligence Officer; MA degree in Public Administration (Corrections) 4111111.11111111.11pSP (Physician Assistant, OTSG Rep), Special Projects Officer (Department Health Education & Training, AMEDDCS); specializes in Preventive Medicine and Occupational Health; 17 years as a PA to include health care at USDB, Ft Lewis RCF and Ft Hood Installation Detention Facility; Masters in Public Health degree 41111111111111111111111111.MP, XO 327th MP Bn (currently conducting detention operations at Bagram, Afghanistan); 15 years experience in Internment/Resettlement (I/R) operations, to include 6 years in a Training Support Battalion and command of an MP Escort Guard Company during Desert Storm 6 MP, Concepts Developer (USAMPS); 12 years experience in I/R operations, to it chu e recent work on MP hR force design update; MA degree in Management . SG, Action Officer, Strategic Architecture Branch (USCEN1forme advised Kuwaiti MOD on communications and computer 41111rIrlitC0 systems; Undergraduate degree in Police Management and MA in Business Management; will remain in country as USCENTCOM J6 LNO 111111111111MM MP, hR Operations Officer, CFLCC PMO since Dec '02; former LNO to CPA and ICRC before TOA; MA in Criminal Justice (Corrections) with follow-on assi nment to the USDB -95C/31 E (Correctional Specialist), Guard Commander, USDB; 24 years of Corrections experience to include NCOIC of the Special Housing Unit and eight years at the USDB 95C/31 E, Senior Corrections Technical Advisor (USAMPS); 22 years corrections experience, to include 7 years at the USDB and two tours to GTMO; MA degree in Public Administration and Security Management A key objective of the assessment included developing recommendations on how to bridge from current operations to an Iraqi-run prison system, synchronized with the plans of the CPA MOJ Prison Department, setting realistic expeCtations for the reestablishment of a long-neglected prison system in a developing Nation. The team conducted a comprehensive review of the entire detainee and corrections system and provided recommendations addressing each of the following areas requested by the Commanding General, CJTF-7: 1. Detention and corrections system management. 2. Detainee management, including detainee movement, segregation, and accountability. 3. Means of command and control of the detention and corrections system. 4. Integration of military detention and corrections operations with CPA, and adequacy of plans for transition to an Iraqi-run system. 5. Detainee medical care and health management. 6. Detention facilities that meet required health, hygiene, and sanitation standards. 7.. Court integration and docket management for criminal detainees. • 8. Detainee legal processing. 9. Detainee databases and records, including integration with law enforcement and court databases. Team members interviewed leadership, staff representatives and soldiers from CFLCC, CJTF-7 (PMO/C3, C6, C7, SJA, IG, Surgeon), CPA (Ministries of Justice, Health, Interior [Police], and Labor & Social Services), UN (Office of Peace Keeping Operations, Corrections Liaison, New York), 1st AD, 4th ID, 82 nd ABN Div, 101st ABN (AA) Div, Multi-National Division (MND), 3 RMP (UK), and the leadership of all three Military Police Brigades supporting operations in Theater (18 1h, 22e, and 800 th) and MP units subordinate to the MP Brigades or attached to maneuver units, as well as the interim Director of the Iraqi National Prison Department. 7 Team members visited the majority of operational Coalition Security Internee Camps and Iraqi jails and correctional facilities. A summary of trends and observations concerning each facility visited are fisted at Annex A. Audit instruments used by team members conducting security, medical treatment, training, and legal assessments are at Annex B. The assessment team visited the following camps, jails, detention centers, and regional corrections facilities in Iraq: US Security Internee Camps and Collections Points: -800th MP Bde, 4 of 5 facilities -Three Division Collection Points (4th ID, 101st ABN (AA) Div, and 1 st AD DIF), two Brigade Collection Points, and the MEK compound Iraqi Prisons, Detention Centers, and Jails: -Existing or Pro 0sed Iraqi Regional Correctional Facilities: 3 of 3 partially operational prison and 2 of 5 proposed prison sit -ExiSting or Proposed Detention Centers (MOJ responsibilitiy) and Major City Jails (currently MOI responsibility): 8 petention and Corrections System Management General. Since the cessation of major hostilities, most Iraqi and third counts/ nationals detained by Coalition Forces are Civilian Internees, protected according to Geneva Convention IV (Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War). Very few Enemy Prisoners of War remain in U.S. custody. The division of Civilian Internees (CI) Into Security Internees (SI) and Criminal Detainees (CD), gives rise to two distinct and ideally separate detention systems, one run by Coalition Forces, the other by the Iraqi Prison Department and Iraqi correctional officers under the supervision of CPA MOJ Prisons11) Department. t5 The population of the Coalition forces and the emerging Iraqi Prison System is made up of various designations including Enemy Prisoners of War.(EPW)/Civilian internee (Cl) including the High Value Detainee, Security Internee (SI), Criminal Detainee (CD). Each population must be managed appropriate to their specific designation in accordance with Iraqi Law, US Policy and where applicable the Geneva Conventions and the Laws of War. Security Internees are civilians interned during conflict or occupation for their own protection or because they pose a threat to the security of coalition forces, its mission, or.are of intelligence value. This includes persons detained for committing offenses (including attempts) against coalition forces (or previous coalition forces) members of the Provisional Government, NGO's, State infrastructure or any person accused or committing war crimes or crimes against humanity. Certain Security Internees may also be classified as a High Value Detainee (HVD), which are Security Internees of significant intelligence or political value. When Coalition forces detain a Security Internee, the detaining unit will generally take the SI to a Brigade Collection Point, where Brigade-level personnel determine whether to continue detention, reclassify the detainee as a Criminal Detainee and transfer the individual to the Iraqi police, or release the individual. For those who remain in Coalition custody, the same vetting process occurs at the Division Holding Area. Again, if the Division-level personnel verify that the detainee is a Security Internee, then they transfer the SI to the 800th Military Police Brigade, either a Currently, the M out en ra and the 82 ABN Div to e ecunty Internees directly from Bri ade Collection Points or the detaining unit t and the British 3 RMP to With the anticipated closure o in Dec '03, the British will build a ecus y Internee Holding Facility; though the length they intend to hold SI's and procedures to transfer SI's tc.1111111111is unclear. 9 Criminal Detainees are persons who are detained because they are reasonably suspected of having committed a crime against Iraqi Nationals or Iraqi properties, .a crime not related to the Coalition Force Mission. Whether detained by Coalition Forces or Iraqi Police, the CD will most appropriately be held in a Police DetentiOn Cell or in . larger cities, a Police Jail (some Jails maintain over 300 detainees). Within 48-72 hours, the suspect should be brought before a magistrate, and if sufficient evidence . . exists to continue detention, be placed In an MOJ-run Detention Center. Currently, only 411111111111111.111111 have dedicated Detention Centers, while in the rest of the country, MOI-run police jails hold all Pre-trial CD's. Until sufficient ca city is built in the Iraqi prison system, criminal detainees are also held at and to a lesser extent, • If-a Criminal Detainee is convicted in an Iraqi Court, and sentenced to confinement, the CD should be moved to a MOJ-run prison (i.e., regional correctional facility). Currently, only have dedicated post-trial prisons, while most MOI-run poi s ave dedicat separate cells for convicted criminals. Sbme have 01\1\A) a-suggested that each Province should have a Regional Correctional Facility, but anticipated prisoner population may allow consolidation of smaller provinces' prisoners at a neighboring larger provincial facility (e.g., the three Northern Provinces can be amply served by one facility in Mosul and another in Dahuk [which also addresses the concerns of the Kurdish population], the proposed facility at Kanbani Saad would serve both Salah ad-din [Tikrit] and Diyala Provinces, and Basrah could likely handle the three or four of the Southeastern Provinces), at least in the mid-term. Also, each major population center should have a separate MOJ-run Women and Juvenile Facility. Currently,. have separate Women and Juvenile Facilities, while MOI-run police jails genera y ave designated separate cells for women and juveniles. Current planning for the Iraq Prison System is being modified from the 1 .5 Jun 03 ICITAP report, that proposes new construction, reconstruction and modernization of twenty-six prisons and detention centers for juveniles and adults at a cost of US$99 Million and is anticipated to increase the system wide capacity by approximately 10,000. Occupancy trends in the surrounding region are declining (UN samples from 97-02). Although at present Iraq appears to be experiencing a higher degree of criminal activity, one can reasonably expect over time given similarities in culture, religion and societal development that the country will be on par with its contemporaries in the region in relation to prison population trends. Presently, the region sustains a prisoner to population ratio of approximately 106 prisoners for every 100,000 persons. This ratio suggests that once Iraq achieves a normalized state (i.e., efficient police and court systems) the requirement for prisoner cells in Iraq will be 23,970 (adjusted down for over 65 population of 3.08%). Given a population growth rate of 2.84 (2001 est.) the 15-year requirement is upwards of 30,000 prisoner beds. 10 DODD0A-000016 Observations: NOTE: Observations related to the detention of Security Internees will be addressed under 'Means of Command and Control of the Detention and Corrections System? 1. The Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA) Order #10, Management of Detention and Prison Facilities promulgates full authority and control over all detention and prison facilities currently exercised by the Ministry of Labor and Social. Affairs and the Ministry of Interior to the Ministry of Justice (MOJ). Additionally, all employees of the Directorate of Adult Prisons and the Directorate of Juvenile Prisons in the Ministry of Labor and Social Services are transferred to the MOJ. . In reality, the transfer of facilities and employees is fragmented, with most facilities still under MOI (police) control. 2. The International Staff of CPA MOJ is The Department Director has been o while the interim Director, though . a proven expert in corrections and well known to several team members The 800th MP Bde has augmented the eight sta rnem with three Captains and several NCO's with Corrections experience, as well as a Major LNO. The performance and tangible results generated by the military augmentees have been absolutely superb, and worthy of special recognition. 3. The Iraqi National Prison Department currently has a staff of almost seventy personnel. The Iraqi interim Director has not expressed a desire to continue in his position and recognizes that he lacks the experience to run a National prison system (though he is willing to stay on as a senior supervisor). The laborious process for designating a national director is nearing completion, with the formal installation of a Director General for the Iraq Corrections Service expected by mid-November of 2003. The Iraqi Prison Department is currently located in 1111111111111111111110 and has little day-to-day contact with CPA MOJ Prisons Department. Prison wardens in the outer regions MEI communication and guidance from the Iraqi Prison epartmen . 4. The 800th MP Bde has missioned eight MP (I/R) Battalions and its specialized detachments to support the reestablishment of the Iraqi Prison system and todetachments 0,11 p toto- )- its security internee facilities. They have also tasked one Battalion to operate the HVD facility, and another to secure the MEKcompound. Due to the array of missions and extent of the Area of Operations,and earlier responsibility to operate the 3 rd ID/1 st AD Division Collection Poin the.800th MP (UR) Bde has not supported the reestablishment of Iraqi prisons in the 4 th ID and 82nd ABN Div AOs. The lack of support to those two [I 5. The 80e MP (UR) Brigade has used elements of several assigned MP UR Battalions and two Brigade Liaison Detachments to assist CPA MOJ and Maneuver Units to train Iraqi Correctional officers in the 101 st ABN (AA) Div, 1 st AD, and MND South Central AO's. Organic or attached Military Police or Civil Affairs units have worked with Police Jails in the British, 46 ID, and 82"d ABN Div AO's, and their respective training programs. Two Captains in the 80e MP Bde, supporting the 101 st ABN (AA) Div andIdlIllall. of the 310.Bn deserve special recognition for their personal efforts a initiative; two men that have made a difference. 6. There is not a dear long-term vision or projected end-state for facilities, staff levels, or anticipated prison population. The new staff at CPA MOJ is still conducting its initial survey of existing facilities and has not decided on what facilities will remain open, closed or be consolidated, creating challenges with establishing goals *and setting priorities for funding. 7. The ICITAP report states that there are 151 prisons in Iraq, with a total potential capacity of 11,078 beds. But not only are total number of facilities and projected capacity suspect, most facilities -have 01 Though some allowances can be made for short­term jails and detention centers, long-term prison facilities must achieve a higher standard, more in line with International Standards. 8. There is confusion on which facilities will transfer to the CPA MOJ Prisons Department oversight and funding, and which will remain under MOI (Police) control. A review of the CJTF7 IPS Report does not delineate Police stations- with mere detention cells, from police stations with actual jails. The report also does not delineate between MOJ-run Detention Centers (pre-trial) and MOJ-run prisons (post-trial correctional facilities). The report would be more useful if it also showed maximum capacity and current population. 9. There is concern among Iraqi Correctional Officers, currently employed as Iraqi Police guards (and appropriately paid equivalent to Iraqi police), that they will loose pay and stature, when transferred to the MOJ Prison Department. Iraqi Correctional Officers also e ress concern over winter uniforms, (14 t is unc ear ow transfer will take place rom mi supporter to.A and u timately to an independent Iraqi system. 12 10. The CPA MOJ Prisons Department must obligate US$10 Million by December 31, 2003. Money has been obligated against ongoing Construction In Baghdad Central, Basrah, Mosul, and al-l -iillah. CPA has also endorsed US$5.6 Million for projects at Kanbani Saad;al-Arnarah, Nasariyah and Baghdad city. There appears to be some confusion as to whether US$2.9 Million has been allocated to the Mosul facility, and US$2.1 Million to the proposed Dahuk facility. 11. There is a consistent theme of fruttration with the Iraqi Ministry of Finance and the emerging bureaucracy surrounding budgetary planning and execution, and the difficultly of getting projects funded and Pay disbursed in a timely manner. The CPA Iraqi Infrastructure Office now has one PDC for prison projects, and reports a consortium of seventeen construction companies prepared to execute projects under an abbreviated "fast-track" process. 12. There are conflicti emptions of the end state of the Prison complex (i. Central Correctional Facility). • Some believe the complex is programmed or estruction in three years, leaving only the death chamber as a memorial, while others believe it will assume a more GT1V104ike character, focused exclusively'on U.S. mission priorities. Th Complex has e out east compoun s currently as one Maximum-security pnson under renovation and partially operation under the CPA MOJ (though one tier is used exclusively for U.S. mission priorities), as well as the 320th MP Bn TOG an 13 b DODD0A-000020 6 5 IS DODD0A-000021 • Detainee Management (including movement, segregation and accountability) General. There is a wide variance in standards and approaches at the various detention facilities. Several Division/Brigade collection points and US. monitored Iraqi prisons e.g., weapons in the facility, improper restraint techniques, detainee management, etc.). Though there were no military police units purposely applying inappropriate-confinement practices. Conversely, Military Police units of the 800 MP Brigade operating in the 101 ° ABM (AA) Division area of operati n have established superb operations at the Mb Regional Correctional Facility i as have 800T and British (3 RMP) units at theallink Regional Correction Facility andal11111111 and Jails. The 4' ID collection point was equally iMpressivel -ConsadW, those units that had soldiers with previous military or civilian corrections experience employed more effective and appropriate procedures, knowing what "right' looked like. Though Coalition Provisional Authority Memorandum #2 (Management of Detention and Prison Facilities) provides general guidelines, it does not provide sufficient detail to serve as Standard Operating Procedures. On a larger scale, there is not clear boundary between which facilities will remain under the control of the Ministry of Interior (police) and which will transfer to the control of the Ministry of Justice. Standardization is not intended to result in centralized control of detainee and corrections operations or inhibit initiative, but merely to set and obtain reasonable standards throughout the theater. Currently, due to the lack of Iraqi facilities, Iraqi criminals are detained with security internees (generally Iraqi-on-Coalition offenses) and EPWs in the same facilities; though segregated in different cells/compounds. is within the same compound as the Central Correctional Facility an raqi-manned facility). At the High Value De ainee location, 30 EPWs are intermingled with the other security internees. These categories of offenders need to be separated as soon as facility construction and renovation projects permit, especially separating those facilities -run by US personnel (for security internees) and those run by Iraqi personnel (for Iraqi criminals). The management of multiple disparate groups of detained persons in a single location b 9k')D members of the same unit Absent specific mission constraints, intermingling these categories of . e ainees should be avoided. iniumamp rso There is virtually The CPA MOJ plan for hiring corrections experts to act in an oversig capacity and shadow training program for the leadership and management of the Iraqi Correctional System is sound and should be underway as soon as possible to begin building continuity in the system. Management expertise alone, however, will not enable a successful system. Staffing is a critical DODD0A-000022 element to the CPA/Iraqi Prison System. The training provided in support of CPA MOJ - • by the 800th MP Bde in an 'academy like setting provides a very basic course of -Instruction, butwill require enhancements in areas of security; custody, control and unarmed self-defense, as well tit Intermediate and Managerial level training. Observations. 1. The Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA) Memorandum #2, Management of Detention and Prison Facilities, provides general program guidance and standards, tracking closely with the Practical Guidelines for the Establishment of Correctional Services within United Nations Peace Operations, and even provide's more detailed instruction than the UN guidelines in a few areas, such as discipline, Instruments of restraint, and treatment of prisoners awaiting trial. The memorandum provides sufficient guidance to develop standard operating .--proceduree.(SOP) for the Iraqi prison system, but cannot serve as a substitute for a detailed facility SOP. 2. Military Police supporting some Iraqi facilities have established policies and procedures based on CPA Memorandum Number #2. Several of the MP units benefited from assigned soldiers with experience in Federal or State correctional system. The facilities under the 310 MP Bn and the 381 st MP Det (+) supporting the 101 st ABN (AA) Div have translated their local policies and procedures into Arabic, and set a good initial template for smaller Detention Facilities and Police Jails. The SOPs for the larger regional correctional facilities will need to be more comprehensive, consistent with the complexity of running such facilities. 3. There is a lack of transportation assets for Iraqi operated facilities. Facility administrators either have one vehicle or no vehicle to transport prisoners to court, medical appointments or transfer to another facility (101 st Abn (AA) Div did finance vans for their facilities). Some facilities without a vehicle must rely on the local police or Coalition military to assist in transporting detainees. The movement of detainees to facilities, court, or hospital is the responsibility of the confining power. Prior to Coalition presence, the Ministry of the Interior managed prisoner movement to and from their court appearances. The current CPA plan (est. US$3.1 Million) has the Ministry of Justice possessing dedicated assets embedded within the prison system for this activity. Prisoners are by nature a hig substantial force protection measures. Wiialfor a small number of prisoners resulting in a backlog on docket. This slow pace of movement requires th for longer periods of time. Greater efficiency and can be achieved through better docket management, dedicate movement control and alternatives to traditional court appearances. 17 4. Currently the 600th MP Bde and other military police units have trained over -1,400 Iraqi correctional officers In basic confinement tasks, both In Baghdad Lind. at remote locations. CPA MOJ has proposed a plan for a National Public Safety Training Academy and Regionalized In-Service Training Programs at an . estimated cost of US$360,000. The proposal is for one National Academy and three regional training centers. CPA MOJ has one staff member dedicated to the training program, requiring almost exclusive dependence Several Contract companies have expressed Interest, or Wou ice y. express interest, in developing a more comprehensive tiered training Program of Instruction, and running the actual Iraqi correctional officer training programs. -Though the current training program is sufficient for smaller short-term jails, it will not be sufficient to handle the numbers and skill-set required for larger and more complex regional prisons. These basic necessities include cleaning supplies, hygiene items, medical supplies, food, and programs to reduce prisoner idleness or prepare them for release. Some facilities have had issues with contractors meeting their deadlines or statement of work 7. Detainees are segregated into the following categories: Enemy Prisoners of War (EPW), Security Internees, High Value Detainees (HVD), and criminal detainees. The criminal detainee category is subdivided into: untried adult male, untried adult female, untried male juvenile, untried female juvenile, sentenced adult male, sentenced adult female, sentenced male juvenile, and sentenced female juvenile. There are facilities classified for males, females, and juveniles, but, except for HVD, some of the other categories are confined within the same facility. Violent criminals and non-violent criminal detainees are housed together with111111.111111.111.11111111.1.1, ContacLand non-contact-visitation varies from facility to facility. Some facilities have restricted visitation to non-contact 18 DODD0A-000024 visitation because of Visitation by female guests Is limited because o e s e a female Iraqi correctional officers available' for searching female visitors. Visitors are searched prior to access, but there are no criteria for whols authorized to visit. Presently, anyone can visit if they possess identification. • 10. A back long exists of criminal detainees due to difficulties in court docket C GP management, transportation, and security issues and a general lack of records availability. Iraqi criminal detainees compete with higher mission priorities for transportation and force protection requirements for transportation to court This has resulted in a backlog of magistrate hearings and an inability to effectivel schedule trials. The courts have also bee" 11. The 800th MP (VR) Bde units did not receive corrections specific training during their mobilization period. Corrections training is only on the METL of two MP (UR) Confinement Battalions, one currently serving in Afghanistan, and elements of the other atilIMMIS MP units supporting JTF-GTMO received ten days of training in detention facility operations, to include two days of unarmed self defense, as well as training in interpersonal communication skills, forced cell moves, and correctional officer safety. asimisam 19 b C .2 0 DODD0A-000026 b s al DODD0A-000027 b C DODD0A-000028 b 5 DODD0A-000029 Means of Command and Control of the Detention and Corrections System General. The Secretary of the Army is the DoD Executive Agent (EA) for administering the DoD EPW and CI program. The Army, in coordination with the Assistant Secretary of Defense, International Security Affairs (ASD-ISA), plans and develops policy for the operation of the program. This policy is captured in DoDD 2310.1 and AR 190-8. DoDD 2310-1 provides that persons captured or detained by the U.S. Military Services shall normally be handed over for safeguarding to U.S. Army Military Police, or to detainee collecting points or other holding facilities and installations operated by U.S. Army Military Police as soon as practical. AR 190-8 provides specific guidance on the administration and operation of both EPW and Cl facilities, directing the establishment of Internment facilities in the communications zone of each theater of operations for the purpose of receiving, accounting for, administering, security, and logistically supporting EPWs, though contingency plans may direct transfer of EPWs to CONUS. United States Army Military Police Doctrine calls upon specialized MP units to conduct Internment/Resettlement (I/R) operations. These units are almost exclusively Compo 2 and 3, units. Typically, a theater would be assigned one MP Brigade (I/R) to provide command, staff planning, and supervision of I/R operations performed by assigned and attached elements. The Brigade would establish I/R facilities in the COMMZ, and coordinate transfer of EPWs from the Corps Holding Areas to the I/R facilities. If the scope of responsibility (measured in number of subordinate MP (I/R) Battalions) exceeds its span of control, MP Brigade Liaison Detachments (BLD) can be assigned to extend the capability of the MP Brigade (I/R) to plan and supervise collection, internment, and evacuation operations of EPW's, Civilian Internees (Cis), Displaced Civilians (DCs), and US military prisoners. The BLDs can also act as a coordination link to allied and indigenous organizations to ensure that they are complying with the Geneva Conventions concerning EPWs and Cls; ensure that EPW operations in the theater follow US policies and directives, international agreements, and US policies implementing international law; and serve as an essential link with HN forces securing EPWs, Cls, and DCs, ensuring that policies consider the intent of the US to comply with international treaties pertaining to the care and handling EPWs, Cis, and DCs. Subordinate to the MP (I/R) Brigade are MP (I/R) Battalions and MP Guard and Escort Guard Companies. The MP (I/R) Bn is the key unit of employment in I/R operations, providing command, staff planning, administration, and logistical support to operate an I/R facility for EPWs, Cls, or US military prisoners. Each HHC, MP (I/R) Bn has not only its principal staff elements, but four compound control and works projects teams, of approximately 15 military police each. These teams typical conduct inprocessing and "in-the-wire" operations. By doctrine, when attached with an MP Guard company, the Battalion is capable of securing 500 US military prisoners, 2,000 EPWs, 2,000 Cls, or 4,000 DCs in an I/R facility (the number doubles with the addition of a second MP Guard Company). MP Guard companies can also provide fixed-facility security. 24 DODD0A-000030 The escort guard company provides supervision and security for evacuating and moving EPWs, Cls, DCs, US military prisoners, and other detained persons via vehicles, trains, planes, and road marches (but not by organic vehicles). Though few MP escort guard companies remainin the Army inventory, an MP Combat Support (CS) company can equally, if not more capably, perform -the prisoner escort mission, due to IL's authorized vehicle, radio, and weapon array. Except for two MP .1/11 Confinement) Battalions currently conducting confinement of US military prisoners at.and the other'detention operation's in Afghanistan, .)v9'1 and a small number of specia 'zed detachments, MP VR units have 95B/31B military .b police soldiers, vice 95C/31 E military police correctional specialist.. HQDA has approved a new Force Design Update to address expanding operational requirements consistent with UR operations. The FDU establishes one 95C131E Internment/ Resettlement company for each MP (VR) Bn, to enhance the capability of the MP UR [3n to handle high-risk detainees and support restoration of national prison systems, especially f011owing a regime change. The new MU is currently competing for resourcing in TAA-2011. The FDU also allows for the conversion of US correctional and confinement facilities to the new MTOE design, allowing rotational deployment of Active Component 95C/31E soldiers in support of contingency operations. The 800th MP Bde currently has eight MP (VR) Battalions, with both MP Guard and Combat Support companies. Five Battalions conduct detention of security internees, one secures the MEK, and the remaining two support the reestablishment of the Iraqi prison system. Due to unit redeployment rules, the 800 th will loose three Battalion HHCs in December, a fourth in January, and the remainder in March. The units that remain are generally under strength, as Reserve component units do not have an individual personnel replacement system to mitigate medical losses or the departure of individual soldiers that have reached 22 months of Federal active duty (i.e., activated prior to the soldier's unit activation or cross-leveled from a unit that had previously been activated). But with the acceptance that all Reserve and National Guard units will spend 12-months "boots-on-the-ground" the 800 th MP (I/R) Bde has a clear and logical plan to realign remaining Battalion and Company-sized units to meet its mission requirements (assuming proposed consolidation of the security internee facilities and anticipated progress in Iraqi manning of Iraqi prisons, detention centers, and jails). Observations. 1. The 800th Military Police Brigade (Internment/Resettlement) is currently a CFLCC asset TACON to CJTF-7 to conduct the internment and confinement operations in Iraq. All detention operations of EPWs and Secunty Internees are conducted . ni 5in the CJTE-7 AO—not the COMMZ—a 11 tigaMt and a separate High Value Detention site. The 800 MP (I/R) Bde is one of two MP (I/R) Brigades in the Army; the other having just completed a rotation to GTMO. 25 2. CFLCC has not requested an MP (UR) Brigade for OIF 2, but has requested four MP (UR) Battalions; four MP (Combat Supporg.COmpanies, four MP (Guard) Companies and two.MP Detachments (UR Brigade Liaison Detachment) to support Internment and confinement operations in Iraq. The request was based on anticipated security internee operational requirements in March, coupled with an expectation of reduced manning to the Iraqi prison system. 3. The 800th MP Bde has experienced challenges adapting its organizational structure, training and equipment resources from a unit designed to conduct standard EPW operations in the COMMZ, to Its current mission-set and the characteristics of the Iraqi and third country national detainee population. Specifically, the 800"'. MP (UR) Bde and its subordinate units Futther, the'doctrinal soldier to detainee population ratio and facility layout templates are predicated on a compliant, self-disciplining EPW population, and not criminals or high-risk security internees. 4. The HVD site is not a typical detention facility, adding the challenge and complexity of detaining once-privileged political and military leaders, some in the status of EPWs and others as security internees. Many of the HVDs are in poor physical health, and more advanced in age than the typical detainee population, ( \ ,\11\,) 1IIIIMIINIIIMIIIIIIMgmNsgamsg.omi. The facility procedures in respect to the two classifications is unclear, as HVDs are now being provided the same treatment regardless of their individual status, as opposed to specific and separate treatment for EPWs. EPW's and Civilian Internees should receive the full protections of the Geneva Conventions, unless those elements which are denied are due to specifically articulated military necessity (e.g., no visitation to preclude the direction of insurgency operations). Military necessity, though, grows more tenuous the greater the period of time between capture and length of detention. The current measures appear appropriate to the tactical situation. 5. The mission to secure the2compound is unique, but well suited for an MP (l/R) Battalion. The complex interaction with the MEK leadership and varied US agencies addressing the MEK requires a battalion level headquarters, trained to support a community construct (i.e., the "R" in Internment/Resettlement). But the size of the compound escort requirements for the MEK, and security of the 2 is better performed by an MP Combat Support company, than a traditionally aligned MP Guard company..(324th MP 8n) handle on the complex nature of the MEK situation w s impressive, as was the apparent good relations of all the unit's leadership with the MEK. 6. The initial classikation'of Iraqis as security internees requites more oversight and discipline. Though anecdotal in nature, -nurrierous cases exist where Iraqis — at most expressed displeasure or ill will with the U.S. personnel, -and have been held for several months, waiting for their case to be reviewed. The current release decision process Is hot following DOD policy for the Global War on Ten-or or policy related to the DOD Enemy POW Detainee Program. (DODD 2310.1). A more disciplined system would reduce the security IntemeepopUlation and inherent challenge of holding Iraqis that feel they have been unjustly detained. 7. AR 190-8 requires military police -to provide an area for intelligence collection efforts within EPW facilities. Military police, though adept at passive collection of intelligence within a facility, do not participate in Military Intelligence supervised interrogation sessions. Recent intelligence collection in support of Operation Enduring Freedom has posited a template where by military police actively set favorable conditions for subsequent interviews. Such actions generally ruri -counter to the smooth operation of a detention facili4r, attempting to maintain its population in a compliant and docile state. The 800 MP Bde has not been asked to change its facility procedures to set the conditions for MI interviews, nor participate in those interviews. 26 27 b S DODD0A-000034 b S DODD0A-000036 b S DODD0A-000037 Integration of Military Detention and Corrections Operations with CPA and adequacy of plans for transition to an Iraqi-run system General. In May 2003, five prison experts and an accountant from the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom, drafted Coalition Provisional Authority Order # 10, "Management of Detention and Prison Facilities," and the more expansive CPA Memorandum #2 (of the same Title), both published on 8 June 2002. The policy order places "full authority and control over all detention and prison facilities...[under] the Ministry of Justice." Currently only the British financial specialist remains from the original team that conducted the initial assessment and support to CPA MOJ, while the six new staff members from the United States, Korea and Spain have less than 45-days experience in Iraq. CPA MOJ continues to pursue hiring actions to eventually field an organization of 110 international staff (primarily US prison experts) and 102 Iraqi staff. The 800th MP (I/R) Bde currently supports the CPA MOJ Prisons Department with military staff augmentation (one Major, three Captains and several NCO's) and force protection during site surveys. On-site support and monitoring of all active MOJ and MOI prisons, detention centers, and jails is being conducted almost exclusively through the use of military assets. Until CPA MOJ brings on its additional personnel and is capable of functioning on its own, Coalition Military Police personnel and units will need to continue to support jail, detention center and prison operations, and the Iraqi Correctional Officer training program. Unfortunately, military police generally lack the requisite institutional knowledge to effectively work issues related to National prison system policy and the operation of more complex long-term regional correctional facilities. Only a small number of officers in the U.S. Army Military Police Corps Regiment hold advanced degrees and measurable experience in corrections, and there are currently less than 1,000 95C/31 E . military police corrections specialists authorized to operate the six Army correctional and confinement facilities. The units supporting these six facilities are not currently organized for rotational deployment in support of contingency operations. On the other hand, according to the American Correctional Association, as many as 9,000 civilian correctional officers serve in the U.S. Army Reserves and National Guard. The presence of civilian correctional officers in Reserve Military Police Units that deployed in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom was purely a matter of chance and coincidence (e.g., the 310th MP Bn has twelve civilian correctional officers). • Obseivations. 1. The current Interim Director and assigned Colleagues of the CPA MOJ Prisons Department are proven experts in the Field of Corrections. Though only in country for less than two months, they have aggressively attacked the issues Inherent In rebuilding a National P&on system, 11.1=11111011M1111111111MNIMIDO Also, a natural tendency to want to address individual facility issues has slowed their asses sment and construct of a National approach. The team continues its on-site assessments of the current facilities and proposed future sites for prisons, detention centers, and jails. There is much communication with military counter parts in the judicial syste 3. The weekly meeting is not as productive towards system development and transition planning as it could be. The large number of attendees, addressing primarily individual facility issues, tends to detract from the larger and more essential issues of reestablishing a National Prison System. 4. CPA and the 800th MP (I/R) Bde has only recently coordinated planning for redeployment of current units and the potential impact on the reestablishment of the Iraqi Correctional system. Though the 800 th MP (I/R) Bde has a clear plan for managing the reduction of military forces against anticipate security internee and criminal detainee population, it is predicated on an expectation of increased Iraqi correctional officers on duty, more_ active CPA MOJ Prisons Department oversight, and the transfer of Iraqi correctional officer training to civilian correctional experts. 5. There appears to be a different expectation between CPA MOJ and the Coalition military of facility standards and conditions for transfer of Iraqi-run facilities from military joint operations, to military oversight, and then to actual transfer to CPA MOJ Prisons Department oversight. The differing perspectives and level of corrections experience will also manifest itself in the actual conduct of Iraqi facility support (e.g., CPA MOJ personnel were unimpressed with the procedures and facility condition of the4.11111/1111. jail, where military leadership would rate the facility as satisfactory for Iraqi assumption of responsibility with periodic military or CPA oversight. This two perspectives is natural, and only exemplifies the importance of transferring the mission to reestablish the Iraqi Prison system from military units to the CPA MOJ Prisons Department; fully staffed with civilian correctional experts for planning, training, and facility oversight. 33 6. At the current pace of academy graduation it will take 33 month to fill the anticipated staffing requirements based-on a western staffing model. The local staffing model is more manpower intensive. 34 S b 3 S DODD0A-000041 Detainee Medical Care Health Marla e ement and Medical 0. erations Assessment General. • As part of the CJTF-7 Detention Operation Assistance Visit, the medical operations and detainee health management were evaluated with emphasis on health management medical care, sanitation and hygiene conditions. Early in the assessment several key issues surfaced regarding mission definition, command and control, manpower, and logistics which made the discrete evaluation of sanitation and hygiene and general health care operations difficult to quantify and repOrt on specifically. Further, in keeping with the mission of enabling the Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA) to transition to the end state of assuming the role of prison operations (to include health care operations) and assessing U.S. military managed prisons, the need for recommendations specific to each system and to joint operations became evident. A review of available international guidance and CPA guidance provided the framework for the evaluation. Assessment tools incorporating' this framework were developed and formed the basis for data collection. Physical inspections of the following locations were accomplished:. 1%,.trVt . FTAMM:. ' C Z Additionally, interviews and discussions were held with key players to include the 800 th Bde Surgeon. (Medical Advisor to the Ministry of MP Health specifically tasked to assist with prison medical operations), and 'VO" -;-2-`01;tr,; . b% ViZarta Chief, Clinical Operations, CJTF-7 Surgeon's Office. D and the medical officers at each visited location. All available ICRC reports and responses were also reviewed loOking for trends along with individual findings. The separation of the Iraqi and U.S. military health care responsibilities is essential for the smooth operation of both systems. The goal of capacity building within the Iraqi correctional health care system and the differences within the systems require independent management and operations. As the Iraq; correctional health care system develops, the CPA can take on the oversight of all correctional health care and the assessment of the facility conditions for the Iraq Department of Corrections. The separation of these systems is dependent on the clear delineation of responsibility for each category of detainee. Mission confusion is significantly increased by co-locating Iraqi detainees and U.S. security detainees in the same compound. Iraqi and U.S. controlled detainees must be separated in order to support the primary mission of capacity building for Iraq and allowing U.S. military medical assets to focus on security detainees 36 Observations. 1. No clear delineation of the responsibilities for health care exists for the various detainee categories. This results In confusion regarding the responsibilities between the U.S. military and CPA health care systems. 2. The Iraqi correctional medical system Is in its initial phase of development and is not fully operational. This has resulted in the U.S. military providers covering many Iraqi responsibilities. 3. Health care providers have been operating in a high velocity change environment without a clearly communicated and established end-state. Expansion of mission responsibilities have challenged the health care delivery system. Despite the challenging environment of.providing unit health care and a large detainee population, U.S. military health .care providers are extremely dedicated and innovative. With further refinement of bperational orders detainee health care will improve due to their focused efforts: 4. There current( exists expertise and oversight in both the CPA Ministry of Health and the CTJF-7 Surgeon's officelp.1111. and staff) to b3 continue the effort of defining and meeting the mission of detainee health care for the immediate future. 5. There is a clear need for a published document regarding detainee categorization and health care directives. This document would clearly define each category of detainees and should further specify the medical care responsibilities by US military, coalition, or the CPA health care systems. Currently detainee populations at various locations are mixed or unclassified, resulting in US forces providing care for a greater population than its doctrinal capability. Additionally, detainees requiring level III health care of all categories are brought to the 28 th Combat Support Hospital (CSH) through default due to the level of services provided, force protection issues, and poorly defined alternatives. The US military detainee medical mission would be reduced to clearly achievable capacity if the definitions and responsibilities were published and adhered to. 6. The early stages of the CPA, MOH, and detainee operations, to include health care operations, has not yet resulted in significant relief of responsibilities for health care to all classes of detainees for US military medical forces. Since the end of hostilities, the end of the previous conditions, and the movement towards a CPA and eventual Iraqi self-rule, the efforts at rebuilding an operational Iraqi prison system and establishing a military interment and re-settlement operation has been monumental and progressive. 37 7. Facility conditions and operations prior to transition must also be re-mediated resulting in a multitude of tasks of various priorities. Current physical lay-out conditions in many facilities are abysmal and do not lend towards the basic needs of a safe environment, adequate shelter, food, hygiene, and sanitation. Further, the MOH is charged with health care within the country along with the corrections element that requires an overall health care model adoption which may be culturally dissimilar to US standards. 8. Regarding corrections health care the MOH, has retained the services of several physicians, has begun an aggressive re-building process, and currently has the direction of one military medical advisor for assistance. In order to further assist the CPA and MOH a process action team should be hired to accomplish several goals for the organizations. This team ideally should involve limited military assets and should include prison health care experts in the areas of healthcare administration, scope of care, training, quality assurance, logistics and clinical operations. Once this team is assembled and operational, specific tasks and timelines should be established and reviewed periodically. 9. There is a need to stabilize the US military corrections operations resulting in a clearly defined detainee health care mission. With the continued transition of Iraq corrections to the complete control and management by the CPA, the provision of health care services provided to detainees by military forces will dramatically drop. All US and coalition health care providers observed are extremely dedicated to the missions of providing healthcare to all assigned unit soldiers and to all detainees within their area of responsibility. This dedication has lead to innovative approaches to providing healthcare to multitudes despites the constraints of personnel and equipment. 10. The availability medical expertise within the theater of operations within the CJTF-7 Surgeons office, CENTCOM Surgeon's office, the 800th Military Police Brigade and interim assistance within the MOH is exceptional. The CTJF-7 Surgeon and his staff in coordination with the CENTCOM Surgeon, are fully involved with the various issues concerning detainee health care operations. As an example, they recently participated and responded to the Inspector General evaluation of detainee operations as well as participated in discussion between the MOH, and Bureau of Prisons. These offices have purview over all US and coalition medical operations within the theater of operations and respond directly to the CTJF Commander. They are dealing with both the day-to-day operation issues as well as conducting mid and long-term planning for continued operations. The specifics of detainee health care, sanitation and hygiene are being addressed on a priority basis. 38 11. The 800th MP Brigade Surgeon I., assigned, as are all the Brigade physician assets, on a 90-day rotation period. This rapid turnover of U.S. military physician personnel creates significant correctional health care management concerns and Inefficiencies. Clear lines of supervision and coordination are critical to ensure the unique health issues faced in confinementby health care professionals are understood and addressed to mitigate risk, provide quality health care, and meet administrative and logistical requirements. While not all physician rotations can be extended, the position of Brigade Surgeon should be tasked as a one-year rotation obligation either to an ,IR or AD physician versant in preventive medicine and/or correctional medical operations for continuity and mission oversight. The Brigade Surgeon would be charged with overseeing Brigade operations as well as coordinating with the CTJF-7 and CENTCOM Surgeon's offices. 12. Additionally; there is a medical advisor 2within The MOH providing oversight, assistance, and coordination while the CPA develops its correctional health care system. Until the issues stated in the above observations* can be accomplished this position should remain in effect and filled. 1111111.111. b 3 39 I, S DODD0A-000046 a '1 1 Detention Facilities that meet required Health, Hygiene; and Sanitation standards General. Significant variance in the health, hygiene and sanitation conditions were observed in the detention facilities throughout Iraq. Major progress in all these areas has been made according to the most recent reports by the International Committee for the Red Cross (ICRC). Most facilities have adequate water supplies, sewage management and appropriate food services to comply with the United Nations guidelines. Those facilities with deficiencies in these basic services are aggressively pursuing options to meet basic health standards. The highest priority for facility safety is adequate standing operating procedures and equipment to minimize loss of life during emergency operations (fires, explosions, riots, etc.). Fire suppression plans and equipment were non-existent in some facilities and no facility had written guidance on how to evacuate detainees under life threatening conditions. With primitive, over used electrical systems and open flame cooking in housing areas, the threat of fires is exceptionally high. Inadequate logistical support for facility operations is the root of most deficiencies observed in the areas of health, hygiene and facility sanitation. The Iraqi medical system is diligently working to provide appropriate logistical support (equipment, medications, and vehicles) to perform its mission. However, present shortfalls are taxing the U.S. military system into providing the services and locking overall responsibility for health care with the U.S. The military units lack adequate vehicles and medics to appropriately manage detainee operations. The administrative and logistical demands of a confinement facility are significant and require increased staffing and equipment support. Observations. 1. Institutional programs (work, recreation, education, spiritual services and mental health services) are critical components of a smoothly run confinement facility. Idleness in prison breeds resentment and disciplinary problems that fester into major resistance. The health, hygiene and sanitation conditions of all the detention facilities would be enhanced with detainee programs. Housekeeping and laundry details for detainee work programs would have major affect on the overall sanitation conditions. Detainee idleness aggravates mental illness and must be addressed as a basic health care SOP and equipment for emergency operations (fires,-explosions, and riots) are grossly inadequate and present immediate threat to life concerns. 2. Present shortfalls in logistical support (equipment, medications, vehicles) for the Iraqi medical system are taxing the U.S. military system into providing services and locking the overall responsibility for detainee care with the U.S. 42 DODD0A-000048 •••••••,..N-• 3. U.S. U.S. military medical units lack adequate personnel and vehicles to appropriately manage the detainee mission. 4. Iraqi medical personnel are specialists and lack the range of skill sets necessary to adequately serve the detainee population. Military health care providers are continuing to assume coverage for Iraqi doctors during non-duty hours, rather -than the Iraqis assuming 24/7 responsibility for care. 5411111.111111111011111$ is not appropriately staffed and equipped to manage chronically ill and special needs. detainees. The facility lacks hospital beds, diagnostic equipment and custodial personnel to perform paraprofessional duties. 6. The2 facility has major sanitation problems within The area is littered with trash, has pools. of water standing around latnnes an the bottles of water carried by detainees for water consumption are filthy. The tents lack floors and are inadequate to provide protection from the elements and form potential hostile fire. The area is not conducive to the long term Management of detainees and offers minimal options for improved sanitation. 7. The contacting of the food service provides culturally appropriate meals, but does not allow for special diets for medical needs. 8. The renovations of the criminal prison inIMMINIMMI will provide adequate living space, lighting, weather and hostile fire protection for the detainees. 9. The tents foll1111.11111111111MIMIIMI are inadequate for the climate and present major safely concerns due to hostile fire. 10. Initial issue clothing is being provided in most facilities, but the lack of laundry facilities and the harsh climate are resulting in the garments quickly becoming filthy. 11. Adequate cleaning supplies (brooms soap, disinfectant) were non-existent in many facilities. 12. Idleness is a serious problem facing all the detention facilities. Long term idleness will generate discontent and aggravate the conditions for the mentally ill detainees. 13. The mentally III were receiving no treatment and the field of mental health was not addressed by the Iraqi medical system. Mental illness is a grossly neglected area for the health care of Iraqi detainees. 43 0 DODD0A-000050 * - Court Inte ration and Docket Mane ent for Criminal Detainees General. CPA MemoranduM Number 3, CriMinal Procedures, reiterates the goal of transitioning the Iraqi Criminal Justice system from a `dependency" on military support as quickly as possible. When Coalition Forces completed the ground war phase of Operation Iraqi Freedom, 24 million -lraqi people had no functioning criminal justice system. Courthouses had been destroyed and/or looted, Looting was not limited to removal of furniture but the dismantling and removal of lights and fixtures, air-conditioning systems, drywall, and even pipes and ductwork in some cases. Judges and Prosecutors had to be screened and re-appointed/re-hired and the Courts purged of Baath Party members and other corrupt individuals and practices. Involvement of Military Police and Judge Advocates, as well as many other Coalition Fomes experts' has been extensive. Significant resources have been devoted to restoring the Iraqi Criminal Justice System. The task was monumental and unprecedented. A few examples underscore the significance of the work done by Coalition Forces and the efforts of the Coalition Provisional Authority: the abolition of Special Security courts which served as a means by which Saddam Hussein could purge his political opponents or naysayers under the guise of a "Court" process, a total review of Iraqi Criminal Law and Procedural law with an emphasis on conformance with International standards, creation of a Judicial Review Committee to insure that Judges and Prosecutors were of the highest integrity, creation of a Council of Judges, selection of a Minister of Justice, and re-opening of the Iraqi Judicial College. Release protocols play a significant role in population control and ultimately establishing facility, staffing requirements. As a general rule, establishing a Central Booking Facility (as in 2and ensuring a timely operation of the Investigative Courts decreases pre-(tAkelt4 trial criminal detainee populations. Another option is for magistrate hearings to be held at the facility en mass. From this process some will be determined eligible for release and others, who are remanded for trial, can be docketed. A review and enhancement of security at the court locations and knowledge of how many trials are anticipated will enable better military force protection planning. This will allow the docket to move more efficiently, aiding detainee population control. Observations. 1. While the majority of Iraqi courts are at least substantially operational, there is no plan or time line for withdrawal of JAG assistance and replacement with CPA personnel or civilian contractors. Their efforts, as well as the efforts of the MP support personnel, have been extraordinary. At the same time, the resources of CPA have been extremely limited or almost non-existent in some areas. It is critical that definitive planning with dates be discussed between CPA and Coalition Forces and a time-fine and action plan be developed. 46 • 2. Due to operational limitations, fazility.limitations and Force Protection Issues, there are Criminal Detainees collocated with other types of detainees, Including Security Internees. However, the Geneva Convention does not allow this. . Criminal Detainees are defined as all persons detained By Coalition Forces (including Iraqi police) solely in relation to allegations of criminal acts and who • are not security internees. Generally, Criminal Detainees are _Iraqi citizens (or non-coalition forces) charged with or being investigated for criminal acts against other Iraqi citizens (or non-Coalition fortes). Almost all of these Criminal • Detainees are awaiting trial in the Iraqi.Court system. 3. Significant efforts have been made to improve the Juvenile Court process but there is much work to do. The current detention Juvenile facility in 2is poor, but a good plan is in place to build a new detention facility. The Juvenile facility fin is Inadequate for numerous reasons but is being moved to a building that is near the2police station and is being refurbished. There are juveniles (under age 18) being held in Juvenile facilities that have "security holds" or Security Internee status. Some are alleged to have committed serious crimes against Coalition Forces. They are being held in the same facility as other juveniles charged with theft or other less serious crimes. Some may pose a security risk in the facility. Some pose no danger. The review process being used to review the status of the juveniles held as Security Internees is substantially the same as those for adults. The process is cumbersome and slow and labor intensive. Resource and manpower limitations have made it very difficult to get these cases reviewed and to release those individuals that pose very little or no danger. The efforts o111111111. should not go unmentioned. With due concern for not adequately recognizing the efforts of many others, he has almost single handedly lifted the Baghdad Juvenile Court, Detention Faoility and process from the rubble. 2and2 are currently working diligently to expedite the process in is cases involving juveniles detained for alleged offenses against Coalition Forces are quickly reviewed to determine whether the juvenile should continue to be held. 4. There exists no Iraqi method by which to investigate allegations of improper conduct and corruption by Judges and Prosecutors. Coalition Forces have established Judicial Review Panels and have been working extremely hard and successfully in screening former judges and re-establishing the operating judiciary. In addition, they have been monitoring the workflow and work product of judges and making on the spot corrections, and in some cases, disqualifying judges from service. Discussions have been ongoing among JAG personnel, and others assisting the courts, about the creation of an Internal Affairs Department or Anti-Corruption Agency. Indeed the 101 st Airborne Division has already developed a concept plan for such a process but it has not been implemented. 47 t'..t.p:k •. 5. There is a disconnect between the Ministry of Justice and the Ministry of -Finance with respect to the payment for services performed by MOJ personnel; Including priton guards and juvenile detention guards, as well as the payment for construction and remodeling of facilitiesand purchasing of supplies and equipment. While the now has a Coalition Forces/ Finance Officer hav ing. assigned, rather than having the time to assess and implement systems, there is concern that too much time is spent on a scavenger hunt trying to determine why payment has not been made or why payment was made when the job.was not done. The problem is becoming even more critical as employees, particularly Orison guards, are complaining about not being paid in a timely manner. This seems to be an on-going.problem that is permeating all facets of the efforts to restore the Iraqi Criminal Justice System and the Iraqi prison system. If not corrected, this situation is likely to deteriorate and could result in partial or massive walkout df Iraqi prison guards, court staff, and others. This would result in a massive re-introduction of a significant number of Military Police personnel and others to keep the system operating. 6. There is no standard docket management system in Iraq. While there exists the Iraqi Criminal Code and Procedural Code, each courthouse operates a little different than the other. The court system in the .area is operating: t a near pre-Coalition time. The court system in.is not as autonotnous from Coalition assistance as isGenerally, JAG personnel are assisting and coordinating with the identification of criminal detainees who need to come before the Investigative courts, transportation of same, docket scheduling and monitoring of the actual court process. This is a quasi-shepherding process. Coalition Forces are not operating the Courts but we are assisting. In imp elements of the 101 st have developed a plan to COM uterize the court docket system. These efforts, primarily the work of .and others members b3 of the 101st, could serve as a model for use throughout Iraq. They should be carefully documented and shared with CPA representatives: 7. While JAG personnel have been critical in getting the Court system operating, there is no plan to transition from JAG personnel serving as LNO's to civilian contractors/experts and no time line in place. Current and anticipated missions needs and planning dictates that a plan be implemented to phase out JAG involvement in the court system so that those assets can be used in other venues. In addition, as the environment becomes more secure and the courts more operational, persons with extensive experience with civilian court operations, superVision, docketing management and assistance will become more critical 'if the Iraqi Criminal Justice System (and civil Justice System) is to be successful after Coalition Forces and the CPA depart. There are U.S. and International Resources available to assist the courts, prosecutors and others. 48 8. White the efforts of the JAG liaison teams in re-establishing the Iraqi Court system have been exceptional, they have not had the time, or the resources to .adequately share the fruit of their efforts with other teams: Consequently there is not very much coordination and copying of best practices and lessons learned. There are insufficient personnel at the Ministry ofJustice to monitor these activities and to coordinate between the various JAG liaison teams. This situation is compounded by the fact that JAG personnel will begin to rotate out of country very soon. 9. It is particularly important to note some of the efforts of members of the Judge Advocate General's Corpspthe 800 th MP Brigade, and other units, too numerous to mention, in the re-opening and improvement of the Iraqi Court system: • In INA'S area, there are 31 Courts up and running, -including one juvenile 005 1,) 2-Court -The 101 st ABN (AA) Div has established a Court-Appointed Attorney Program (CAAP in the North. This innovative program was the effort all11111111110 h3 and others.-_-._ _ -A Judicial Education program for sitting Judges has also been launched by the 101' and CJ i.Ft in Mosul and by 1_1\10's in Baghdad. Establish a standardized filing system, file contents, file tracking system, and file security system - Prosecutor advocacy skill training, Victim & Witness coordination, and other initiatives have been implemented -Mar and the Office of the SJA, 101 st ABN (AA) Div, have established a.(93 prototype Central Booking Facility and Investigative Arraignment Court 49 b-s SO DODD0A-000056 t -c sl DODD0A-000057 s sa DODD0A-000058 S b Z aft 5"; Detainee Legal Processing General. Procedures have been implemented for the legal processing of detainees since the Inception of hostilities. These methods have undergone revision over time and now are centered on the identification and processing of Security Internees (including High Value Detainees) as well as Criminal Detainees. While the EPW mission remains significant, there is very little legal processing of EPW's as they are in a hold status until a determination is made to either release them or prosecute them before military commissions. Security Internees are defined as those persons who are detained by Coalition Forces when necessary for imperative reasons of security. In accordance with Article 78 of the Fourth Geneva Convention, Persons'held as Security Internees are . afforded the right of appeal of the decision to intern them. The decision to intern a person shall then be reviewed not later than six months from the date of the induction into the internment facility. CJTF-7 has developed and implemented procedures designed to insure that all persons detained are treated in accordance with all applicable laws and that there is timely processing. FRAGO 749 sets forth the requirements and details concerning the capturing, detaining, and proceSsing of detainees. Additional guidance has been provided to commanders to facilitate consistent processing of those persons identified as a Security Internee. Observations. 1. The Fourth Infantry Division has supplemented the guidance from CJTF7 and added a Detainee Disposition Worksheet and a Detainee Inquiry Response Form. Use of the Detainee Disposition Worksheet seems to more clearly identify the capturing unit, thus making subsequent communication easier. In addition, the form, to the extent the recommendations can be obtained in the field, documents the staff recommendation as to whether the person should be ­released after processing, held or turned over to the Iraqi police. It also provides an opportunity for the capturing unit to concur or non concur where release may be later contemplated and further states the 4 th ID's recommendation to the CJTF-7 Review Board. The Detainee Inquiry Response Form is used by el th ID to respond to inquiries from families of those persons captured by the 4 th ID. 2. At present there are approximatelyillelpSecurity Internees in custody. As many aselli have been interned and approximately.have been released. The future trend will likely continue, although it is driven by a number of factors (e.g., number of missions by Coalition Forces, frequency and accuracy of new intelligence information and the activity of any anti-Coalition forces). 54 S. While the Geneva Convention requires a 72-hour review, it should be noted that the CPA has concurred with CJTF7's determination ttiat the .teview --requirement starts when the detainee reaches the central collection point In Baghdad. CJTF-7.has established a 14-day grace period in which persons detained and initially identified as a Security Internee should be brought to the central collection point. This was done to accommodate the transportation and security issues that Coalition Forces operating far froM Baghdad were experiencing. 4. The 72-hour review is being conducted by JAG officers. In fact, regardless of whether the capturing unit has had JAG assets to conduct the 72 hour review, CJTF-Ts JAG Detention Cep team is conducting in some cases a second 72 hour review, The CJTF-7 Detention cell mission is headed by AgrAZZBEESS4 63 He has done an outstanding job staying on top of this unique mission. 5. Persons determined to be Criminal Detainees are referred to the Iraqi Criminal process. 6. Individuals determined to be Security Internees at the 72-Hour Review are interned under Article 78 of the Geneva Convention. They may appeal the decision to a Review and Appeal Board: Thereafter, if the appeal is denied, or in the event no appeal is made, the detainee's case must be reviewed by an Article 78 Board within six months. No six-month review boards have been required thus far but they will begin to occur in November. 7. The number of detainees being processed has been so overwhelming that the CJTF-7 SJA has taken the initiative. The SJA has developed and implemented an interim step between the 72 Hour Review and the Review and Appeal Board (if an appeal is taken) and the 72 Hour Review and the six month review requirement in an effort to more quickly screen those cases that might warrant release by the Review and Appeal Board earlier than would otherwise occur under the normal required process. The SJA's initiative has proven to be very helpful in managing the numbers of detainees. While the Review and Appeal Board, currently composed of1111111110 and IMMENEES retains release authority for alt Security Internees, the 63 creation of the Review Panel has effectively served to speed up the review process and identify those persons worthy of release while not compromising the integrity of the process. With respect to the Geneva Convention requirements, the Review Panel affords the Security Internee additional opportunities for release and therefore, additional due process and consideration. The Review Panel consists of one MP officer, one MI officer and a Judge Advocate. The Review Panel screens for the Review and Appeal Board, both the six month review requirement and the appeal requirement. The Review Panel can meet more frequently than the Review and Appeal Board and has been invaluable 55 • 9. With the steady flow of detainees coming intrithe system and the impending requirement to hold 6 month reviews of Security Detainee/Intemee status beginning in November, It is unlikely that the current process will be able to accommodate the numbers of cases that will need to be reviewed in the future since there will be the requirement to hold 6 month reviews and handle appeals. Recognizing this, CJTF-7 has identified the need for additional personnel, both JAG and MI assets. On 25 August 2003, the CJTF-7 SJA submitted his memorandum justifying Reserve Component -Augmentee Support. A similar request has been made by the MI community. 10. In addition, as recently as 2 October 2003, the CJTF-7 SJA, again recognizing the upcoming increased demand for Security Internee case reviews, has requested and obtained approval for the creation of a separate Appellate Review Panel to review all appeals by Security Internees and a Six Month Review Panel to focus solely on the six month review cases. 11. In this manner, the Review and Appeal Board will hear only those cases that have been reviewed by a subordinate panel and recommended for release by that panel. 8. In an effort to give finality to the process of internment and to .provide a definitive legal response to attacks on Coalition Forces bl- 13. The CJTF-7 SJA has also made plans for the disposition of cases involving HVD's, regardless of their classification as either Security Internees or EPW's. Options include prosecution by the Central Criminal Court of Iraq and/or Military Commissions, depending on the allegations against the detainee (Operation Wolverine). 14. CJTF-7 has established a Criminal Review Board to review serious criminal cases involving an Iraqi victim so that a JAG legal review can be done and in those cases where a "reasonable prosecutability" threshold cannot be met, release can be ordered. In the alternative the detainees can be held as a Security Internee if the Board finds that the individual is a security threat. 15. Due to resource limitations and competing mission requirements, there have been some instances when a person ordered released has not been released in a timely manner, i.e., not within 24-48 hours, when ordered released. In some instances, the person has been inadvertently moved to another facility but not released. There has even been a delay in the receipt of some juvenile release orders. This situation is compounded by the fact that these juvenile detainees are housed with ordinary juvenile delinquents. 56 L S Si DODD0A-000063 b 3 SE DODD0A-000064 Detainee Databases and Records (including integration with law enforcement and court databases) General. The 800th MP BDE is using two main databases to track detainees. The National Detainee Reporting Systeni (NDRS) is being used to track EPWs and Security Internees. The Biometric Automated Toolset System (BATS) is used to establish a biometric record (digital fingerprint, eye scan and facial photo) to track all detainees that enter a US Forces managed detainee locations (EPW, High Value Detainee (HVD), Security Internees (SI) and Iraqi Criminal Detainees). The National Detainee Reporting System (NDRS) is the Department of Army approved EPW tracking system. Its use within CJTF-7 appears to be fairly well managed. Information is routinely gathered at each camp on EPWs and security internees and passed from the 800th MP BDE to CFLCC, thru CENTCOM to the National Detainee Reporting Center at HQDA. The operation of the NDRS appears to be occurring with only minor problems related to the application of Internment Serial Numbers (ISNs) for new detainees. The Biometric Automated Toolset (BATs) System is a good system to reliably track detainees, especially in the CENTCOM AOR, where central tracking individuals by governmental means is limited at best. Despite what name an individual is registered under, the biometrics collected on the individual assures positive identification in the future. BATs is designed as a centrally managed database with feeder inputs by the in­processing facilities at the detainee camps. The database is designed to compare new inputs and can be programmed to alert the administrator when an individual is entered in the database more than once (multiple arrests, etc). In addition, BATs is designed to be assessable via web-based applications in order to facilitate external organizations to query the database for analysis. Effective prison management relies heavily on the ability to accurately account for and manage information on prisoner designation, movement, and incidents. In the US few systems for the collection of data are interoperable between prisons systems let alone between other law enforcement agencies. The Iraqi prison system and the entire justice system have a unique opportunity to establish from the beginning a fully integrated and interoperable system of data collection and information management. The courts, police and the prisons departments all have the immediate need, with most using carbon paper as a duplication and paper management technique. There are several off the shelf programs that would enhance the data management of the Iraqi system. A contract for developing a comprehensive justice system would be an even better answer. The BATS system is an excellent system that with some enhancement to include docket management and police blotter and reporting could fit the need and set the Iraqi system apart from many other countries in their criminal justice information management. 60 DODD0A-000066 It is anticipated that this population will continue to grow during continued Coalition presence. There is not an efficient release process in place. Those among the SI population who are later classified, as CriminaVEnemy Combatants are to be treated IAW DOD policy. That is, treatment, not status of EPW's. They receive the protections of the Geneva Convention absent those exclusions deemed appropriate for safe, secure and humane custody and which are in the interests of the US and Coalition forces. Only those SI's who are ultimately determined to be EPW, CI, or an Enemy Combatant (EC) after the MI, Legal, and threat analysis are to be entered into the National Detainee Reporting System (NDRS) as well as the BATS. Observations. 1. NDRS appears to be operating with only minor problems. The area that needs more attention is training and the enforcing the policy of who is entered into NDRS. EPWs certainly should be tracked with NDRS. Currently Security Internees are entered into NDRS. Only after a clear determination is made that a Civilian Internee is going to classified as a Security Internee should an ISN be issued and the individual entered into the NDRS. Careful consideration must be given to which categories are entered since the NDRS database is reported to the International Red Cross, giving the Red Cross and International Community the impression that individuals who committed crimes against Coalition Forces privileges and classification as a legal EPW inappropriately. 2. Currently there is no effective central system administration of BATs. Data terminals are not located at all detainee camps and the BATS terminals that are distributed are not connected to the central server. As a result, some detainees are not being tracked at all, and most detainees are only being tracked at individual detainee camps. The data gathered is not being made available in a central location for analysis. Currently not all the detainee camps have connectivity via the SIPRNET. As a result, for effective data sharing, courier runs need to be established to the CJTF-7 C2 in order to update the BATs server with new detainee information. The C2 has established an action officer to control system administration. His actions should include establishing SOPs, TTPs and their monitoring to ensure data inputs are done properly and timely. 3. Currently not all detainee facilities have reliable data connectivity. The SIPRNET has been established as the network over which BATS will operate. However, that decision appears to have been made due to SIPRNET being the most reliable network available. As the telecommunications infrastructure matures in Iraq, consideration should be given to moving the BATS from SIPRNET (after the data has been properly vetted) to another less restrictive network (possibly CENTRIXS) as telecommunications becomes more commercialized. 61 4. Not all detainee facilities have a BATs terminal. As a backup method of tracking detainees, all sites also are managing an Excel spreadsheet of detainees. Consequently, a biometric record is not being established on all detainees. BATS terminals at all locations are essential to properly tracking all detainees that enter the system as well as providing for more comprehensive analysis. 5. Accountability for detainees is maintained by using the National Detainee Reporting Systeni (NDRS), the Biometric Automated Toolset (BAT) System or an Excel! spreadsheet for a facility or collection point without NDRS or BATs. There exists no tracking system for the courts, detention facilities or prisons. MINIEBEIMO 41.1111/1111 bZ b 3 62 b 5 DODD0A-000069 Conclusion The objective of the assessment was to observe detention and prison operations, Identify potential systemic and human rights Issues, and provide near-term, mid-term, and long-term recommendations to Improve operations and transition the fledgling Iraqi prison system from military controVoversight to the Coalition Provisional Authonity and eventually to the Iraqi government. The assessment focused oh detainee and corrections systems management (including detainee movement, segregation, accountability, and command and control), detainee medical care and health management, detainee legal processing, court integration and legat processing, detainee databases and records management, integration of military detention and corrections operations with CPA, and adequacy of plans for transition to an Iraqi-run system. The assessment revealed a wide variance of prison, detention center and jail operations. The. prisons are operating very efficiently under Iraqi control with oversight by Coalition soldiers. City jails.genetally reflect less stringent adherence to international standards of confinement, but in many cases are being operated satisfactorily by Iraqi personnel with Coalition oversight (e.g., the prison in.under.the 3 RMP (UK) and facilities in the 101 4 ABN (AA) Div AO). Conversely, the Baghdad facilities need. additional security and construction upgrades, improved sanitation, and are dependant on augmentation and continuous direction by Military Police, while some cities do not have functioning jails (e.g., 11111.16 and the team was unable to observe city jails in the 4 th ID/82.N Div Os. We applau•PA MOJ efforts to recruit enough subject matter expe s o ensure that approptiate prison construction is initiated, ensure that Iraqi correctional officer training academies are staffed and providing appropriate instruction, and provide mentors for Iraqi Correctional leaders so they are capable of operating their facilities without US or Coalition military support or supervision. Due to cultural differences and local realities, the answer is not for the Iraqi officials to replicate the U.S. system, but mold their Department using a set of reasonable International standards and realistic expectations. he current team in the CPA M • J risons Department has demonstrated a desire to worts with CJTF-7 on developing and implementing solutions to the challenges in the Iraqi corrections system. Recommend that DoD/CJTF-7 provide political support for CPA MOJ to enable them to better address the many challenges ahead for the Iraqi Corrections System. 64 DODD0A-000070 i...TIii -F.Cr, 0':Ifliii— Tent and wire within a perimeter wall, fully visible to others. Tent and wire within a perimeter wall fully visible to others. Tent and wire within a perimeter fence Building and Tent design, exterior wail.= three sides Wooden structure and wire within perimeter fence; new facility under construction Good hard stand and wire perimeter. Too small for long term operations. Block and tier design both single and multiple cell. Compound and facility perimeter walls. Three Compounds, one operational, two waiting funding. Block buildings with a tan meter perimeter wall. Annex A-Facility Summaries .. . IT,IFIPRF,7:.., g.7. ..'71 '' ' ' .!I T:¦;1V.TtliV'is:OgriliR.."-.Vii107*.;;.7:::.',......:.. Facility has both Criminal Detainees and The facility Is built on top of the old landfill for Security Internees housed In separate the prison; trash migrates up through the soil. compounds. SOPs are being revised. Tents have carpet; waiting for wood floorsAvinterization. Poor communication between towers and No running water In the facility, poor toilet compound control team. Poor detainee maintenance for both detainee and cadre. accountability procedures. No SOP. Local Contractors lay waste disposal hoses over contractors feed detainees. exterior wire, reducing Its effectiveness. EPWs, Criminal Detainees and Security An effective plumbing system and waste water Internees are housed In the same perimeter, removal system was built at the facility. Units but they are In separate compounds. The did not have adequate medical staff to meet Segregation Facility does not have a SOP. demands at facility capacity. Units do not have adequate communication equipment to properly operate the facility. Well developed and employed SOPs; well Tents have wooden floors and internees have established transfer system between Brigade mats; large internee population, clean and well and Dvislon Collection Point maintained. Solid operational procedures; small Internee Clean and well maintained. population Currently being utilized as a Division Collection The facility Is very clean and well maintained. : Facility for Security Internees. The facility is .There is no plumbing In the facility, requiring . operated by a Division MP Platoon, who have .the detainees'to be escorted for shower/latrine received no additional training for operating a .use. High Risk Detainee site. .. . Populations are not fully segregated by ..Clean and well maintainedallinir-designation. No Iraqi/CPA SOP for the facility. . or policy for Cadre to conduct forced cell movement e. i.. , i SOPs have recently been printed and are .The facility was exceptionally maintained and awaiting final approval; developed by civilian.!sanitary. Each cell had a bed available for correctional officers; excellent key control;.teach detainee. The faclItly has a tempory camera system; well trained Iraqi guards. .'medical facility; running water, and sewage 'treatment plant. ' .: .'.:i; Camp 111111W-67mp--­ 4th ID 101 ABN (AA) Div 1St AD DIF ..• frig— Camp Collection Point Collection Point Collection Point Prison Prison • 1.L0000-v0aaoa Z/0000-V00000 Prison Prison Prison Detention Center --'Jail A Jail B Detention Center 11111111W Detention Center Women's NW. Detention Center . Block buildings with 30 cell blocks and perimeter walls. Partially completed modem facility on German 2-floor unit management design (concrete structure); no perimeter wall One story block buildings with perimeter walls being converted Into prison facility. New Construction, single 2-story building with perimeter wall and separate admin building Programmed for destruction to build civic center Block buildings with perimeter walls, divided Into three compounds; one compound operational Block buildings with perimeter wails. • Block buildings with perimeter walls. Good hardstand structure with a perimeter wall. The facility Is too small for long term operations; will likely close. Annex A-Facility Summaries Iraqi (MOI) operated facility with oversight from The facility has exposed wiring and fighting. the 310th MP Bn. SOPs are in place and the Iraqi guards are trained and familiar with them. • Communications is good, but additional hand held radios are needed. Requires US$2.1 Million to complete N/A construction Not Operational. The FEST has submitted a NA plan for this facility. Not Operational . Though operational, preparing to move Poor sanitation; very old faciltly detainees to Prison B • Accountability of the detainees swell... The cells and latrines were Inadequate and not maintained within the facility. Prison "Er is .. properly maintained. ddetalneee slept on floor being refurbished In preperation for Prison mats. tells are a flre.hazard dtie to kerosene closing. heaters/stoves being utilized with limited ventilation and no firefighting eqUipment • . • Iraqi (MOJ) operated facility with oversight The cell blocks had poor sanitation due to .. from the 400th MP Bn. Facility has good " population and not well maintained. The accountability of detainees. facilities had severe overcrowding with bunk beds In close proximity to each other. Iraqi (M01) operated facility with British RMP The cell blocks were unsanitary and not oversight. Houses pre and post-trial male, properly maintained. The latrines were female and Juveniles. Post-trial will go to unsanitary and not properly maintained. 11111111.11Mpon completion. . Iraqi (MOM operated facility with oversight The facility does not have shower facilities on from the 400th MP Bn. Facility has good site. Unreliabis electrical system. accountability of detainees. Polices and ... prbcedures are posted In both English and Arabic. Annex A-Facility Summaries VIM Jail Juvenile. • Detention Center . Detention Center Jail Jail High Value HVD Detainees Good structure, potential permanent site.-Several variations poisible with single and multiple cells. Perimeter wail andsurrounded by military compound. Two building, 2 floor structure with perimeter wall; recently refurbished Block buildings with perimeter walls Block buildings with eight callblock3 and perimeter walls. Facility has four additional cellblocks under construction, and the space to expand to 2000+ capacity. Block buildings with perimeter walls. Two C-Huts are being built to Increase capacity. Single cell design, functional, but not optimal duo to location and overall facility design. Berm/wall and Wire perimeter. Currently being utilized as a Brigade Collection Facility for Security internees. The facility currently has no SOPs, and Is operated. by 3CT. 1AD. Not Operational. Accountability of the detainees is well maintained within the facility. The facility houses both pre and post-trall confinement, and mental health patients; excellent Iraqi leadership; prison stayed operational after Oct 02 release decree. Iraqi (MIDI) operated facility with oversight from the 310th MP Bn. SOPs are in place'tind the Iraqi guards are trained and familiar with them. The facility houses pre-trial maieluvenlielfemale offenders. Iraqi (M01) operated facility with oversight from the 310th MP Bn. SOPs are In place and the Iraqi guards are trained and familiar with them. They have good accountability of the detainees utilizing the BATS system. The facility has had no serious Incidents. relating to cadre or detainee to date, All three buildings have adequate showers for the detainees, two of the buildings have latrines; however none of the cella have plumbing inside the cells. Running water and new latrine and shower facilities; lacks exercise yard . The cells are Inadequate due to overcrowding. Many Cells did not have beds with detainees sieeping son the floor. There Is an open sewage area next to the facility In need of repair. Medical assistance Is available on site. The faclltly Is kept clean and organized. Food contractor provides three meals per day. Each cell has a swamp cooler to keep cella cool. The facility has exposed wiring and lighting. The building Is old and has Inadequate plumbing. Overall the facility Is properly maintained. Medical support Is provided by two physicians and the local hospital. The facility has gravel In the areas of exercise for the detainees, this can cause ankle. Injury. EL0000-voaaoa Annex A-Facility Summaries C 1) Excellent ORF procedures; unit has tazer as part of non-lethal package. Weapons maintained outside faddy. Insutfldent Lighting; one weapon kept Inside wire (Admin Tent) In lock box 17/0000-V00000 The facility has a single entrance gate w/ surveillance camera; weapons are not permitted Iside the facility, but are used In the towers and rooftops for overwatch. Towers around the facility provide good PrOtectiOn. Fad.. .. ... •. k.. N/A NA The facility has a single entrance gate, but does not have a sally port. Weapons are not permitted Iside the facility, but are utilized In the towers for overwatch. Guards did maintain key control within the facility. Facility does not have a sally port entrance. Weapons are authorized inside the - not In the cell blocks Facility does not have a sally port entrance. Weapons are authorized Inside the facility, but not In the cell blocks. There Is no key control In the facility.. r---- Annex A-Facility Summaries 9L0000-vo0000 There Is no control of weapons within the facility. Weapons were taken Into the cells with the detainees. A large cash of weapons Is maintained In the facility In an evidence room. New construction adding crash gates and sealing potential escapes routes; detainees will have to leave cells to use latrines/showers The facility has a single entrance gate, but does not have a sally port. Weapons were permitted Inside the facility administrative areas, but not Inside the cellblocks. Guards did maintain key control within the facility. Th. facility has towers with oversight of the taciltly. Facilty has two operational sally ports. The facility has an adequate badge system, and hey control program. Weapons are Maintained In the facility's control room. ovement within the facility Is.ntrolled, but Detalriese should never b .un .stlmated. Detainees gtoups, although they are prohlbked from communicating there remains risk whenever multiple detainees of this caliber are In proximity to each other. Annex A-Facility Summaries 9L0000-voaaoa Annex B AuditInstruments . Though the primary purpose of the site surveys was to identify trends and national level requirements, the team provided onsite guidance and assistance to units performing detention operations and assistance. to the Iraqi Correctional Officers, to include a two-day train-the-trainer session for 800"' MP (UR) Bde NCOs from it's assigned Battalions. The team also left examples of SOPS used at the United States Disciplinary Barracks with the 320"' MP (UR) Bn at.and have included SOPs, Training Plans and.(1) 111) Emergency. Action PI.ou.in this report. Though detailed observations, whether written or provided verbally, were given onsite or forwarded to respective unit and facility commanders, there is merit in conducting subsequent surveys. Attached is the audit instruments used by this assistance team, but more detailed guidance and standards are available from the American Correctional Association (ACA). We would caution, though, to the strict application of U.S. standards (even U.S. facilities fall short of many published standards); and only offer the ACA standards as general guidelineS. The baseline remains 1) Accountability, 2) Humane treatment, 3) Safe, Sanitary and Secure Facilities, and 4) Proper Segregation. Table of Contents Appendix 1.(Legal Data Collection Tool) . B-2 Appendix 2 (Health and Safety of a Correctional Facility) . .B-8 Appendix 3 (Corrections Training Academy Data Collection Tool) . 6-10 Appendix 4 (Prison Security Management Data Collection Tool) . B-12 Appendix 5 (Corrections Medical Operations Data Collection Tool) . B-14 B-1 Annex B Audit Instruments Appendix 1 (Legal Data) Legal Data Collection Tool Questionnaire for On-Site Visits ;PRO Date of visit. Facility/place visited. Name of person completing checklist . Name of translator/interpreter. Information for this checklist was obtained from the following person(s). Include title and telephone number, fax? and email? The questions are designed for a YES or NO response, unless otherwise obvious. Please write a "Y" or "N". In some cases a short answer is necessary. It is not necessary that every question is asked or all information obtained. Is the facility/place run by U.S. Military----Coalition Provisional Authority----Iraq? (Circle one) What is the primary mission of the prison/facility? What is the secondary mission? Initial Detention: List all of the means by which a person is detained at the facility. In other words, are they brought by Court Order and/or U.S. Forces and/or Iraqi authorities? What is the process? Is documentation submitted with each person left to be detained? . If so, what documentation? Who created the documentation? Please obtain a copy (copies) of such documentation. Is this documentation reviewed by someone at the prison/facility for completeness/correction/appropriateness? . What is the standard being used for detention? B-2 DODD0A-000078 Annex B Audit Instruments Is documentation completed by the prison/facility when a person being detained first arrives? . Who created this documentation? Please obtain a copy (copies) of such documentation. Is someone responsible for reviewing the paperwork submitted with the person being detained at the time they are being first placed in the prison/facility? . If so, who? Does this person have the authority to refuse to accept the person being detained? . If so, under what circumstances? Is the person being detained advised of the basis for their confinement? . Are they advised of what will happen to them next? (i.e., court appearance, how long they will be held, rights to counsel, whatever is applicable) . Is the person being detained given an individual identifier? . If yes, what are the identifiers being used? How are they tracked? Is the'person being detained given any initial briefing or otherwise advised of the rules of conduct for the prisori/facility? Is there an initial assessment of the person being detained to determine their physical and mental condition? . Security risk? .Special needs? . If so, is there an initial assessment form or guideline? . If so, please obtain a copy of it. Documentation: Is a master file or central documentation kept on each person being detained? . If YES, please provide a copy of any sample documentation that is being used. Ask where the documentation came from that is being used. Is there standardized information kept in each file? . If so, please list the standard information. Is one particular person or one particular office or section responsible for maintaining the file? . If so, who or what maintains the files and where are the maintained? B-3 Annex B Audit Instruments Classifications of Detainees: Are persons being detained classified? . If so, how many different classifications are used? What are the different classifications? Are pre-trial persons held apart from post-trial persons? . Are the different classifications of persons detained kept in the same place/cells they segregated? (Circle one) Are men and woman kept segregated? . Are pregnant women separated from the other population? Are juveniles identified and separated or moved to another facility? What is the current population of each classification on the date of the visit? What is the current population of pre-trial?.Of post-trial? How confident are they that this number is correct? Very confident----Confident----Not very confident .(circle one) Is this number verified by someone or by some method? . How is that number verified? Are there standards/criteria for classification? . Obtain copies of any documentation describing the process or SOP? Who makes the classification determination? Is the determination reviewed? . How quickly? Who? Is the determination reviewed periodically? . If so, how often? Regardless of classification, does everyone detained appear in court at some poirir 7 Which classification of those detained, if any appear in court for a hearing? Does someone at the prison/facility determine who and when the person detainee' court or does someone from the court make the determination? (Circle one) Is someone responsible for insuring a person detained appears in court when sf: Who? Is someone responsible for transporting a detained person to court? . Who? B-4 Annex B Audit Instruments Are there any SOP's describing the legal rights of the persons being detained in the prison/facility? . If so, please obtain a copy. Are the persons being detained advised of their legal rights, orally or in writing, when they are detained? If so how? Please obtain a copy of any written advisement. If an oral advisement is given, plea s make note of what is told to the detainee. Counsel: Can lawyers meet in the prisons/facilities with their clients? . If so, are these meetings conducted in private between the lawyer and the clients Are there any written policies relating to an attorney visiting his client in the prison If so, please obtain copies of such policies. If lawyers are permitted to consult with their clients, are there certain classificatio. persons detained that are not permitted to consult with an attorney? . If so, which classifications? Internal Discipline: Are prisoners/persons detained punished for disciplinary breaches afforded due law? . Who administors/imposes such punishment? What is the burden of proof required for such determination? What is the due process? If there is a SOP or other written guidance on the rights and/or the process by which detainee is punished for a violation of the prison/facility rules? . If so, please obtain a copy of it. Does the prison/facility have written behavioral or conduct rules for those person!, detained? . If so, please obtain a copy of it. If a person being detained is punished for violation of the prison rules, is the detPurr , . and punishment imposed reviewed by some authority? If so, by whom? How quickly after the initial determination? Detention and Correction systems management: Does the prison/facility utilize any computer based management system? If so describe it. B-5 Annex B Audit Instruments Does the prison/facility have any case management system? If so, describe it or obtain copies of the SOP. How often does the prison/facility transport prisoners to court for hearings? Daily---weekly----upon request----other (specify: .) (circle one) Can the prison/facility transport a person to court upon request by the court? How does the prison/facility communicate with the Court? By phone.by mail .by courier.by fax.(other please specifies: Circle one Has the Administrator/chief executive officer of the prison/facility been trained primarily by the CPA.U.S. Military.Iraqis .Other (please circle all that apply) What training has this person received within the last twelve months? Is the Administrator/chief executive officer aware of the International Standards that apply to this facility? . Do they believe they are in compliance with such standards? . If not, where are they lacking? Is the Administrator/chief executive officer satisfied with the level of training that they and their staff have received? . If not, what additional training do they believe is most necessary? Has the Administrator/chief executive officer and/or their staff received any specialized training in the legal rights of those being detained? . If so, when and by whom? If not, is this training the Administrator would like to see provided to they and their staff? Ask the Administrator to please rank the following types of training that is the most needed at this particular facility? (1 being the most needed and 6 being the least needed) .Training in the legal rights of persons being detained .Training in the classification of persons being detained .Training in how to keep accurate records and files on persons being detained .Training on maintaining good order and discipline in the prison/facility. .Train ing on appropriate methods and processes to punish those persons being detained for violations of prison/facility rules. .Training in improving the coordination and communication between the prison and the Courts. B-6 Annex 13 Audit Instruments Regardless of the priority stated above, is there any area stated above that you do not need training in? . If so, please list. Is their adequate food in the facility? . How many meals are served per day? . Are there enough beds in the facility? . Is there adequate medical care in the facility? . Is there a Doctor either in the facility or on call 24 hours a day? . Are mental health/counseling services available in the facility? . If so, please describe. Are family members and friends allowed to visit any person being held in the facility? . If only certain classifications of persons being detained are entitled to have visitors, which classifications are allowed visitors? Is there a protocol or SOP for family members and friends of persons being detained? If so please obtain a copy. Are their periodic reviews of every prisoner's status, to include the following: last court date; next court date; out. date (if applicable); and behavior/conduct? . If so, how are those reviews documented? Who is the Legal Advisor/Who provides Legal Advice for this particular prison/facility? (need name, office, telephone number and fax number, and email if available) B-7 Annex B Audit Instruments Appendix 2 (Health and Safety of a Correctional Facility) Framework for the Assessment of the YES NO N/A Health and Safety of a Correctional Facility A. Detainee Space 1. Adequate living space, lighting, weather and noise containment 2. Separation of special populations ( children, females, physically and mentally ill) B. Water Management ( availability and reliability) 1. Potable water for drinking and basic hygiene 2. System for fire suppression C. Sewage and Trash Removal 1. Septic system capable of sustaining basic sanitation 2. Daily trash removal and cleaning of the facility 3. Ready access to toilets and hand washing D. Food Service 1. Kitchen sanitation procedures 2. Food handler procedures for basic sanitation management 3. Food handling/storage in detainee living areas E. Ventilation 1. Adequate airflow to minimize stagnant air pockets 2. Ability to mitigate extreme temperatures. • F. Personal Hygiene 1. Hand washing facilities readily available 2. Shower facilities in adequate numbers to support routine showers 3. Laundry facilities 4. Adequate clothing and bedding to permit frequent rotation G. Housekeeping 1. Adequate cleaning material and equipment B-8 DODD0A-000084 Annex B Audit instrUments 2. Assess frequency of cleaning within the facility (how dirty is the facility and is there evidence of vermin and insect infestation). H. Programs , 1.Work — institutional work to maintain the facility 2. Recreation — space and activities to deal with boredom 3. Education essential for facilities with children — 4. Spiritual services — religious programs 5. Counseling programs — psychological services for the severely mentally ill, including suicide prevention and intervention. I. Emergency Plans 1. Disaster Management Procedures — riot control, hostage procedures, weather situations 2. Fire procedures and drills 3. Medical emergencies — mass casualty, hunger strikes, etc. B9 - Annex B Audit Instruments Does the Academy Provide Annual Refresher Training? Does the Academy have an Instructor Certification Process? Does.School have Viable POI/CMP? Does the Training Adequately Provide Students with the Basic Knowledge to Perform the Job? Remarks: B-11 Annex B Audit Instruments Appendix 4 (Prison Security Management Data Collection Tool) 1. Access Control a. Sallyport b. Pedestrian c. Vehicle d. Searches e. Posted Rules/Contraband f. Weapons Control 2. Perimeter Security a. Barrier (Fence/Wall) • b. Tower/mobile patrols c. Lighting 3. Control Center a. Communication (Internal/Outside Agencies) b. Two types of communications c. Duress System d. Emergency Plans e. Movement control f. Policies/SOPs/Post Orders 4. Accountability a. Inmate (Master Alpha Roster) -Headcounts -Bedcounts b. Staff (How many inside facility at any given time) -Badge system/Restricted entry c. Tool Control d. Key and Lock control e. Sharps Control -Needle /Syringe -Cooking Utensils f. Mail 5. Inmate Movement a. Escorted b. Unescorted c. Mass d. Supervised B-12 Annex B Audit Instruments 6. Prisoner Programs/Management a. Grievance System b. Discipline System c. Educational Programs d. Recreational Programs e. Food Service f. Sanitation g. Medical 7. Classification/Custody (Segregated by: ) a. Criminal b. High Risk Detainees c. MEK d. Pre-trial e. Administrative Segregation (Protective custody, mentally ill , medical, leaders) 8. Visitation a. Contact/Non-contact b. Legal c. Family d. Government Official B-13 Annex B Audit Instruments Appendix 5 (IRAQ Corrections Medical Operations Data Collection Tool) IRAQ Corrections Medical Operations Data Collection Tool The current medical oversight is being provided by: POC name: Specialty : (MD, PA, civilian, other). • Assigned unit or agency: YES NO N/A Initial Evaluation: Are health assessments performed on in-processing detainees? Are records kept of all initial and follow on medical assessments/treatments? Are there standing operating procedures for dealing with infectious diseases which address protection issues for both staff and prisoners? Health Care Operations: Are there procedures that address detainees medical needs for daily, chronic, specialized and/or emergency care? Are records kept of all detainee patient visits? Are detainees with mental health issues identified and managed? Are "special needs" (i.e. mentally ill, suicidal patients) detainees identified and managed? How are detainees that require specialized or hospital care managed? Are unique medical needs of women, nursing mothers, infants, and children addressed? Pharmaceuticals: How are medications managed (i.e. accountability, distribution, and storage)? How are healthcare operations assessed and reviewed? Are dental services available to detainees? Medical/legal issues: Is there a policy for the use of medical restraints? Is there a policy for the forced use of mood altering medications? Is there a policy for the management of suicidal detainees? Are detainees given the right to care and the right to refuse care? Health Education and Preventive Medicine: Are detainees trained on the prevention of communicable diseases? Are staff educated on the management of special needs detainees (i.e. mentally ill, infectious detainees, lactating women and other special populations)? B-14 U7 00000A-000089 OFFICE OF THE PROVOST MARSHAL GENERAL CJTF-7 DETENTION OPERATIONS ASSISTANCE VISIT 6 Nov 03 MG Donald J. Ryder Provost Marshal General 060000-V00000 OFFICE OF THE PROVOST MARSHAL GENERAL Agenda • Mission • Background • Methodology • Observations/Recommendations (9 Subject Areas) • Conclusion 1.60000-V0000a OFFICE OF THE PROVOST MARSHAL GENERAL Team Mission • Cdr, CJTF-7 requests a team of subject matter experts to assess, and make specific recommendations concerning detention and corrections operations in Iraq...assist in resolving the management and administration of detainee operations. — The team must be prepared to make specific recommendations and identify the resources required to ensure that detainees are held and processed in accordance with the requirements imposed by U.S. and international law. — The focus of the team will be to identify problems, propose solutions and recommend the resources necessary to implement the solutions. A report that merely documents problems will not be helpful. • Restated Mission: We view our team in an assistance role, as part of the CJTF-7 Team. A key aspect of the mission is to make.• recommendations on how to bridge from current operations to an Iraqi-run prison system that is synched with CPA plans, and adequately address general detention operations and management, legal/judicial systems, medical support and information systems management. Z60000-V00000 OFFICE OF THE PROVOST MARSHAL GENERAL Background • Oct 02, Saddam Hussein releases 100K inmates • Antiquated/fragmented Prison infrastructure systematically disassembled and heavily looted during hostilities • Jun 03, Publication of "Prisons and Detention Centers in Iraq: An Assessment and Recommendations for Prisons in a Free Society" • Jun 03, CPA issues Order #10 and Memorandum #2: Management of Detention and Prison Facilities • Jun 03 TOA, the 800th MP (I/R) Bde expands mission to include Security Internees, HVD, Criminal Detainees, and MEK • Since Jun 03, CPA Ministry of Justice Prisons Department personnel departure inhibits progress • 15 Sep 03, new CPA MOJ Prisons Department director arrives • Impact of CPA turn-over mitigated by initiative of 800th MP (1/R) Bde and other Military.Police Units in Theater £60000-V00000 OFFICE OF THE PROVOST MARSHAL GENERAL Methodology • Team Tasks (CJTF-7 Memo, dtd 11 Aug 03) • Team Composition (PMG and 13 SME's in Corrections, MP I/R Doctrine and Employment, Legal, Medical & Automation) • Command, Principal Staff and Soldier Interviews • Site Surveys(32 Facilities) . • Focus: — U.S. Security Internee Operations; OIF 2 requirements — Coalition Support to CPA MOJ Prisons Department for Criminal Detainee/Iraqi Prisons; OIF tisynGhronization and transition plan • Assistance packages and tra002-trainer program 1760000-V00000 DODD0A-000095 OFFICE OF THE PROVOST MARSHAL GENERAL Detention and Corrections System Management • Observations (12): — CPA MOJ Prisons Department are proven experts in corrections, but under-manned, resulting in over-reliance on Coalition MP support — 800th MP (UR) Bde has used elements of several assigned MP (1/R) Bns and two Brigade LNO Dets to assist CPA MOJ — Long-term vision or projected end-state for facilities, staff levels, or anticipated prison population is unclear — Conflicting perceptions 4111.1MOPrison complex end-state 0: ‘‘) 960000-vo0000 OFFICE. OF THE PRoyer9$11SHAL GENERAL .t affailiallComplex ..1.1¦111. Force Provider LSA A MP Bn. TOP & Soldier Living Security Internees 4141111EP Phase II: Move Security Internees Iraqi Criminals 7777 41.111.1110 Securi Internees Correctional Facility L60000-vo0000 OFFICE OF THE PROVOST MARSHAL GENERAL Detainee Management (including movement, segregation and accountability) • Observations (10): — CPA Memorandum #2, provides sufficient guidance to develop standard operating procedures (SOP) for the, Iraqi prison system — Memo #2 cannot serve as a substitute for a detailed facility SOP; CPA MOJ is working on a more comprehensive facility operational guide — No military police units purposely applying inappropriate confinement practices — Soldiers with previous military/civilian corrections experience employed more effective & appropriate procedures, knowing what "right" looked like 860000-V00000 OFFICE:OF THE PROVOST MARSHAL GENERAL Means of Command and Control of the. • Detentibn and Corrections System • Observations (7): - US Army MP doctrine calls upon, specialized Theater-level MP units to conduct Internment/Resettlement (I/R) operations in the COMMZ — 800th MP (I/R) Bde has experier1C8d challenges adapting its structure, training and equipment resources 'to its current mission-set — CFLCC has not requested a replacement MP (UR) Bde for OIF 2 — HQDA has approved a new Force Design Update to address new paradigm in I/R operations and expanding operational requirements. • 660000-V00000 .....•¦¦¦• ••¦•....... DODD0A-000100 OFFICE OF THE PROVOST MARSHAL GENERA', Integration of Military Detention. & Corrections• Operations with CPA; . adequacy of plans fOr transition to an traqi-run system • Observations (6): ..•.Nt — CPA MOJ efforts inhibited 1:) . /&hall staff, turn-over, security concerns,and a natural tendency to addr ..eS individual facility issues — MPs generally lack experience/institutional knowledge to effectively work National prison system policy — Few MP officers and only 95C/31 Es have experience in the operation of more complex long-term regional correctional, facilities . • 1. 01.000-V0000a OFFICE OF THE PROVOST MARSHAL GENERAL Detainee Medical Care, Health Management and Medical Operations Assessment • Observations (12): U.S. military providers cover many Iraqi responsibilities; delineation of responsibilities for health care is unclear between detainee categories — — U.S Military medical units lack adequate personnel/vehicles to appropriately manage the detainee mission — Rapid turnover of U.S. military physician personnel creates additional concerns or appropriate correctional health care management • zoimoo-voaaoa • OFFICE OF THE PROVOST MARSHAL GENERAL Detention Facilities that meet required . Health, Hygiene, and Sanitation Standards .14 • Observations (13): — Significant variance in the health, hygiene and sanitation conditions in . various facilities; ICRC reports major progress in all these areas — Most facilities have adequate water supplies, sewage management and appropriate food services to comply. with United .Nations guidelines — Present shortfalls in logistical support (equipment, medications, vehicles). for the Iraqi medical system are taxing the U.S. military system comoo-voaaoa *.• • . 14 OFFICE OF THE PROVOST MARSHAL GENERAL Court Integration and Docket Mangernent for Criminal Detainees • Observations (9): — Docket management and releaSe,protocols play a significant role in population control and ultimately.& staffing requirements.• — Mosul Central Booking Facility with onsite court facilities, coupled with timely Investigative Courts a solid model for large urban. areas • 1701.000-V00000 OFFICE OF THE PROVOST MARSHAL GENERAL Detainee Legal Processing Observations (15): — Criminal Detainees are referred to the Iraqi Criminal process -Security Internees are interned under Article 78 of the Geneva .. • Conventipns -4th ID has added a Review Panel of one MP officer, one MI officer and a Judge Advocate for release decisions -At present there are approx 411SSecurity Internees in custody; as (.RA)t many as.have been interned; and a0proximately•releaSed • 901.000-V0000a OFFICE OF THE PROVOST MARSHAL GENERAL Detainee Databases and Records (including • integration w/ law enforcement/court databases) • Observations (5): — Security Internee information recorded in NDRS and BATS — Not all have reliable data (NIPR/SIPR) or phone connectivity to connect BATS terminals to the central server, no central system administrator — Though there are several US State integrated prison systems, none are effectively integrated with law enforcement agencies and courts — CPA MOJ contracting for database system for Iraqi prison system • 901.000-V0000a • OFFICE OF THE PROVOST MARSHAL GENERAL Conclusion • Consolidation. — Achieve greater efficiencies with a consolidation attaining at ),) separate facility for HVDs — CPA MOJ expand Iraqi Regiorral.Correctional Facilities • Separation. Establish distinctly separate facilities for Security Internees (US run) and Iraqi Criminals (Iraqi run) • Standardization., — Provide standard guidance and training on detention operations and procedures for security internee facilities — CPA MOJ/MOI provide guidance on Iraqi prisons, Detention Centers, • and Jails • Enable CPA MOJ. (provide force protection/esbort) — Continue staff augmentation through OIF 1 — Establish decentralized Liaison -I:n:01F 2 — Encourage contracting of Iraqi training and International•patticipation • Enable Decentralized Execution/Initiative. Minimize bureaucracy (especially MOF) and support unit initiatives (101st *ABN (AA) Div) Is Lowoo-voacna OFFICE. OF THE PROVOST MARSHAL GENERAL Back-up. Slides 801.000-V0000a OFFICE OF THE PROVOST MARSHAL GENERAL. TEAM TASKS (Slide 1 of 2) • Detainee management, including detainee movement, segregation and accountability • Detainee databases and records, including integration with law enforcement and court databases • Interrogation prioritization and management (separate team) • Detention facilities that meet required health, hygiene and sanitation standards • Detention and Corrections systems management 601.000-V0000a OFFICE OF THE PROVOST MARSHAL GENERAL TEAM TASKS (Slide 2 of 2) • Court integration and docket management for criminal detainees betainee medical care and health management • Detainee legal processing Integration of military detention and corrections operations with CPA, and adequacy of plans for transition to an Iraqi-run system (i.e., "Bridging Mechanism") • Means of command and control of the detention and corrections system 01. 1.000-V0000a 1.1. 1.000-vo0000 OFFICE-OF THE PROVOST MARSHAL GENERAL Team Members (slide 1 of 3) Team Chief: MG Donald J. Ryder, Provost Marshal General Team Members: aglininim MP, Director, Command & General Staff School; former Commandant, United States Disciplinary Barracks (USDB), Commander, 704th MP BN & Ft Lewis Regional Correctional Facility, and Staff officer at the USDB; MA degree in Criminal Justice (Corrections).111111.JA, Military Judge (OTJAG Rep); Mobilized Reservist, Indiana State Circuit Court Judge; Juris Doctor degree MP, Deputy Commandant, USDB; former Commander of Ft Knox Regional Correctional Facility ,and Mannheim Confinement.Fapility;. MA in Criminal Justice (Corrections),;..American Correctional Association (ACA) Certified Correctional Exeatitive and Auditor MP, Corrections & Internment Branch Chief (OPMG), former attalion Commander, 705th MP Bn (USDB) and Commander, Ft Ord Area Confinement Facility; OIC for Somali Police and Prison program (UNOSOM II); MA degree in Geography (Middle East) zi. woo-voaaoa OFFICE OF THE PROVOST MARSHAL GENERAL Team Members (slide .2 of 3) 1111111111p, MS (Social Worker), Health Care Administrator, USDB (1Q Years experience at USDB); Masters of Social Work degree, National Commission. on Correctional Health Care (NCCHC) Certified Correctional Health Care Professional, ACA Certified Correctional Manager and Auditor ...• , 111111111111111W EPW/Detainee Program Manager (OPMG), former ACA Deputy Director of Standards and Accreditation and Executive Director California Correctional Association; US Air Force Reserves Counter-Intelligence Officer; MA degree in Public Administration (Corrections) MEMSP (Physician Assistant, OTSG Rep), Special Projects Officer (Department Health Education & Training, AMEDDCS); specializes in Preventive Medicine and Occupational Health; 17 years as a PA to include health care at USDB, Ft Lewis RCF and Ft Hood Installation Detention .• Facility; Masters in Public Health degree , 1111111. MP, XO 327th MP Bn (curr..6eit1jiat Bagram, Afghanistan); 15 years • experience in Internment/Resettlements(I/R) operations, to include . 6 years. in a Training Support Battalion and command of an MP Escort Guard Company during Desert Storm • 23 '. OFFICE OF THE PROVOST MARSHAL GENERAL Team Members (slide 3 of 3) MP, Concepts Developer (USAMPS); 12 years experience in I/R opera ions, to include recent work on . MF' l/R force design and employment; MA degree in Management 111111011, SG, Action Officer, Strategic Architecture Branch (USCENTCOM., J6);. formerly advised Kuwaiti MOD. on communications and computer systems; Undergraduate degree in Police Management and MA in Business Management; will remain in country as USCENTCOM J6 LNO 411111.1111111, MP, I/R Operations Officer, CFLCC,,PM0 since Dec '02; former LNO to CPA and ICRC before TOA; MA in Criminal Justice (Corrections) with follow-on assignment to the USDB '2) 111111111111, 31 E (Correctional. Specialist), -.Guard Commander, USDB; 24 years, of Corrections experience to include NCOIC of the Special Housing Unit and eight years at USDB 11.11111111, 31 E, Senior Corrections Technical Advisor (USAMPS); 22 years corrections experience, to include Tyers at USDB and two tours tO GTMO; MA degree in Public Administration and Security Management ci. imoo-voacioa •.•...... • -. . ANNEX 0 Corrections Train-the-Traitor Training Program Table of Contents Appendix 1 (Correctional Officer Safety) . 0-2 Appendix 2 (React to a Physical Attack using Unarmed Self-Defense Techniques) .D-10 Appendix 3 (Restrain a Detainee) . .D-41 Appendix 4 (Forced Cell Moves) . D-52 D-1 ANNEX D Corrections Train-the-TraiHer Training Program Appendix 1 Correctional Officer Safety SECTION 1. ADMINISTRATIVE DATA Oct 2003 SECTION I..ADMINISTRATIVE DATA All Courses. COURSE NUMBER(S).COURSE TITLES(S) Including This Lesson Task(s). TASK NUMBER.TASK TITLE Taught or Supported. None Reinforced. TASK NUMBER.TASK TITLE Task(s). None. The academic hours required to teach this lesson are as follows: Academic Hours HRS/MOI 0.7/CO 0.3/TP TEST TOTAL 1.0 HOURS • Test Lesson Hours Lesson No. Number Testing, 0 (to include test review) 0 (State if there are none.) Prerequisite. LESSON NUMBER.LESSON TITLE Lesson(s). ;None. Foreign Restrictions Security.Unclassified. Clearance/ Access D-2 References Student Study Assignments Instructor Requirements Additional Support Personnel Requirements Equipment Required Materials Required Classroom, Training Area, and Range Requirements Ammunition Requirements Instructional Guidance Proponent Lesson Plan Approvals ANNEX D Corrections Train-the-Trainer Training Program Number Title Date Additional Information None. One primary instructor. None STUDENT MATERIALS: pen/pencil and notebook. One 40-person classroom. None. Before presenting this lesson, instructors must thoroughly prepare by studying this lesson and identified reference material. NAME.RANK.POSITION.DATE Edward J. Baldwin Jr..SFC.Corrections SME.Oct 03 D-3 • ... 1..4 ANNEX D Corrections Train-the-Traijier Training Program SECTION H..INTRODUCTION Method of instruction CO Instructor to student ratio is 1:60. Time of instruction 0.1 Media: Slides. NOTE:. Show Slide #1 (Safety in Internment Facilities). NOTE: PRIOR TO CLASS OBTAIN AND DISPLAY NUMEROUS EQUIPMENT ITEMS FOR ASSISTING IN IDENTIFICATION OF SAFETY HAZARDS (I.E., BROOM, MP W/BUCKET, BUFFER, ETC.). You will soon be supervising detainees and as their supervisor you are responsible for their safety. A lot of the incidents or accidents discussed in this class may seem Motivator minor or that common sense could have prevented the accident. No matter how minor, people were still hurt or property was damaged. As for common sense some of the same accidents are still happening. NOTE:. Inform students of the following terminal learning objective requirements. NOTE:. Show Slide #2 (Action, Conditions, Standards). Terminal.At the completion of this lesson you will: Learning Objective ACTION: Discuss the potential safety hazards in an Internmery facility and discuss the appropriate actions in conducting 4Our duties in a safe manner. CONDITION: In a classroom environment, given a conference presentation. STANDARD: Recognize all potential safety hazards and perform duties in a Safe manner in an Internment environment. Safety None. Requirements Risk Low. Assessment Level Environmental.None. It is the responsibility of all soldiers and DA civilians to protect the environment Considerations.from damage. Evaluation.None. Instructional.Safety in an Internment facility relates to most of the classes you will receive but Lead-in.closely relates to supervise work activities within a confinement facility. D-4 SECTION III. Note: Enabling Learning Objective A ANNEX D Corrections Train-the-Trainer Training Program PRESENTATION Inform the students of the Enabling Learning Objective requirements. ACTION: Identify safety hazards to detainees and staff in a confinem771 environment. CONDITION: Given a conference presentation in a classroom environment. I STANDARD: Recognize safety hazards to detainees and staff in a correctional environment. NOTE: Show Slide #3 (Accident). Learning Step/Activity 1. Method of instruction: CO Instructor to student ratio is 1:60. Time of instruction: 0.1 hour(s). Media: Slides References: Security Classification: None Something that occurs unexpectedly or unintentionally and results and (or) injury is classified as an accident. '.1. Safety is a concern for all supervisors. The immediate supervisor . the. person that is supervising the detainees, more than likely is the one that will hr. accountable if there is an incident. NOTE: SHOW EQUIPMENT ITEMS AND HAVE STUDENTS DISCUSS 1-117 SAFETY HAZARDS FOR EACH ITEM. USE PERSONAL EXPERIEliaES. NOTE: Show Slides #4 and #5 (Institutional Safety). 2. We will discuss the situations listed. a. Locating safety hazards. b. Establishing safety standards. c. Training detainees to follow safety standards. d. Fire and accident prevention. NOTE: Instructor will discuss some of the most common accidents that c , cc,. a confinement facility. 3. As a corrections staff member you will have some responsibilitie -, supervision of detainees and safety standards. a. Setting the example by always following good safety pracir b. Being constantly alert to potential safety hazards. c. Making sure that safety equipment is issued and that the D-5 DODD0A-000118 Note: Enabling Learning Objective B ANNEX D Corrections Train-the-Trainer Training Program proper working condition before letting the detainees use them. d. Instructing the detainee on proper safety measures and ensuring the safe working habits of all the detainees. Inform the students of the Enabling Learning Objective requirements: ACTION: Identify ways to perform corrections staff member duties r.a safe manner. CONDITION: Given a conference presentations in a classroom environment. STANDARD: Recognize ways to perform your duties safely in an internment environment. Learning Step/Activityl. Method of instruction: CO/TP. Instructor to student ratio is 1:60. Time of instruction 0.3/0.3 Media: slides. References: Security Classification: None NOTE: Show Slides #6 and #7 (Officer Safety). SECTION V..We will discuss the situations listed. SECTION V..Safety rules to be observed when escorting fj&4r4 . ' SECTION V..Safety practices when approaching cell doors -:;no when walking underneath the tiers. SECTION V. Always look up. /./ SECTION V. Watch the detainee's hands. SECTION V. Use the windows to see the reflection like a Mir; c. Safety rules pertaining to cell searches. SECTION V..Proper procedure for breaking up an altercation between detainees and the proper action to take suddenly confronted by an armed detainee. , NOTE: SHOW JOB AIDS: I.E., WHISTLE, RUBBER GLOVES, MIRROR FLASHLIGHT, AND RADIO. 2. We will discuss the job aids available to correctional personnel, the equipment that is designed to make our job safer, such as the body alarm. mirror, i-ubber gloves, flashlight, etc. NOTE:.What are your questions concerning safety in a confinement/ correctional facilities. NOTE: Show Slides #8 and #9 (Pre-attack Cues). SECTION V. We will discuss and identify PRE-ATTACK CUE be aware and look for the warning signs of D-6 DODD0A-000119 ANNEX D Corrections Train-the-Traiaer Training Program they prepare to attack. a. BLADING - this is shifting one foot in back of the other, so the detainee can move toward you more easily. b. CLENCHING THE FISTS - to prepare the detainee for attack by lubricating the finger joints, and to keep themselves under control. c. SHIFTING THE SHOULDERS BACK - to give you a message that he means business, as well as providing a certain amount of protection for himself, or as preparation before STRIKING YOU. d. TARGET GLANCE — looking for a weapon to attack with or an area on your body to strike. e. CONSPICUOUSLY LOOKING UP — the detainee may be trying to distract you by looking An a certain direction, prior to a surprise attack, or checking out his post-attack escape route. f. THOUSAND-YARD STARE — the detainee may try to depersonalize you, by looking straight through you. (A good example of this can be seen in the movie "The Silence of the Lambs" when Anthony Hopkins looks at Jody Foster as if she wasn't even there.) g. FACIAL WIPE — hiding or averting the face. (Sometimes people who are on the verge of losing control of themselves perform a facial wipe, by which they attempt to hide the level of anxiety they're experiencing by physically moving their hands over their faces. This may show up as removing a hat, slicking back the hair,. or something equally inconspicuous.) h. ROCKING ON THE BALLS OF THE FEET — as the detairOe gets more upset, these movements act as a means of diffusing their overlotd of adrenaline and anxiety. i. LOWERING THE BODY SLIGHTLY — causing the head to lower, just before moving into the attack. j. GROWLING — at the climax of their fear or anger, some humans even growl before they attack. k. FACIAL COLORING — changing from flushed to pale. (The body is moving blood from the extremities to the internal organs, to protect them in case of injury. I. BOISTEROUS PROFANITY — detainees will speak loud and yell words or profanity to demoralize you in an attempt to intimidate you, prior to attack. m. WAVING ARMS AND HANDS — detainees will wave their arms and hands rapidly as they speak, in an attempt to distract you prior to attack. NOTE: BE AWARE OF AND LOOK FOR THESE BEHAVIORS AND CUES, AS THEY ARE CLEAR SIGNS OF DANGER, BEING ABLE TO OBSERVE AND DETECT THESE CUES AND TAKE APPROPRIATE ACTIONS WILL MAKE THE DETERMINATION WHETHER OR NOT YOU WILL SAFELY ACCOMPLISH YOUR DUTIES. D-7 DODD0A-000120 ANNEX D Corrections Train-the-Traiaer Training Program NOTE: Show Slide #10 (React to Danger). NOTE: THERE ARE THREE GENERAL STEPS TO TAKE WHEN CONFRONTED BY A POTENTIALLY DANGEROUS SITUATION THAT MAY FEEL UNSAFE. SECTION V..STOP (WHAT YOU ARE DOING). SECTION V..THINK (OBSERVE THE SITUATION, AND ASSESS THE DANGER). SECTION V..REACT (TAKE APPROPRIATE ACTION). NOTE: Show Slide #11 (Time and Distance). QUESTION: WHAT IS REACTION TIME? ANSWER: THE AVERAGE AMOUNT OF TIME YOUR BODY WILL REACT Tr; ,4 GIVEN SITUATION. QUESTION: WHAT IS THE AVERAGE REACTION TIME IF YOU WERF ATTACKED BY A DETAINEE THAT IS APPROXIMATELY FIVE FEET A`;,' '- FROM YOU? ANSWER: LESS THAN .1/4 second. QUESTION: WHAT IS THE AVERAGE REACTION TIME IF YOU WERE ATTACKED BY A DETAINEE THAT IS APPROXIMATELY TEN FEET AWAY FROM YOU? ANSWER: LESS THAN .1/2 a second. QUESTION: WHAT IS THE AVERAGE REACTION TIME IF YOU WERE ATTACKED BY A DETAINEE THAT IS APPROXIMATELY TWENTY FEET FROM YOU? ANSWER: LESS THAN 1 and 1/. 4 SECONDS. NOTE: Whenever you are encountering a potentially dangerous detainee that makes an attempt to attack ALWAYS remember that he will always act faster mar: you think he will and you will always react slower than you think you will. SECTION IV..SUMMARY Method of instruction: CO Instructor to student ratio is 1:60 Time of instruction: 0.1 hour(s). Media: None. Determine if students have learned the material presented by - . Check on SECTION V..Soliciting student questions and explanations. Learning D -8 DODD0A-000121 ANNEX 0 Corrections Train-the-Trainer Training Program SECTION V..Asking questions and getting answers from the students. c. Providing immediate feedback in context to the material presented and correcting student misunderstandings. Review/. 1. RETAIN ATTENTION: As a correctional staff memeber you will be Summarize.responsible for the detainees safety and other corrections staff member safety as Lesson.well as your own. 2. SUMMARY: Supervising detainees includes enforcing safety standards, recognizing safety hazards and ensuring that safety equipment is being properly used. While performing your duties you will have to stay alert to ensure you perform your duties in a safe manner. 3. CLOSING STATEMENT: You, as the detainees immediate supervisor will be the person in the position to ensure the detainees follow established safety standards. The way you handle this responsibility could reduce or increase the amount of accidents in the facility. Transition to Next Lesson SECTION V..STUDENT EVALUATION Testing.None Requirements Feedback.SECTION V..Schedule and provide immediate feedback in context to the Requirement. material presented; correct student misunderstandings. SECTION V..Provide remedial training as needed. D-9 ANNEX D Corrections Train-the-Trainer Training Program . Appendix 2 React to a Physical Attack using Unarmed Self-Defense Techniques SECTION I. All Courses Including This Lesson Task(s) Taught(•) or Supported Reinforced Task(s) Academic Hours Test Lesson ADMINISTRATIVE DATA Course Number Task Number Individual 191-381-1370 ( .1 Version.Course Title Task Title React to a Physical Attack using Unarmed Self DefenseTechniques . Task Number Task Title The academic hours required to teach this lesson are as follows: Resident Hours/Methods 0.6 hrs Conference / Discussion 5.0 hrs'/ Demonstration 5.0 hrs / Practical Exercise Test. 1.6 hrs Test Review.0 hrs Total Hours:. 12 Hrs . Hours. Lesson No. Number. Testing (to include test review) Prerequisite Lesson Number.Lesson Title Lesson(s) Apply Priorities of Force Clearance Access Security Level: Unclassified Requirements: There are no clearance or access requirements for the lesson . Foreign FD5. This product/publication has been reviewed by the product developers w Disclosure coordination with the (installation/activity name) foreign disclosure authority Restrictions product is releasable to students from all requesting foreign countries without restrictions. D-10 ANNEX D Corrections Train-the-Traiaer Training Program References Number Title STP 19-95C1-4-Soldiers Manual for SMTG MOS 95C, Corrections Staff member, Skill Level 1. AR 190- 14 Carrying of Firearms and Use of Force for Law Enforcement and Security Duties AR 190-47 Army Corrections System Student None Study Assignments Instructor 1 Primary and 4 assistants per 60 students Requirements Additional Name Support Assistant Instructors Personnel None Requirements Equipment ID Required Name for Floor Mat 12X12 or wrestling mats'Instruction Strike Pad (Foam) *Knife (Mock) * Before Id indicates a TADSS Materials Instructor Materials: Required Student Materials: None Classroom, Gym or other suitable training area. Training Area, and Range Requirements .. Ammunition Id.Name . Requirements None , Date Additional Information _..1 30 Sep 2003 ... 12 Mar 1993 15 Aug 1996 ; Stu Qty-.Man Hours Ratio . 1:12.4 8 hrs Stu Instr Sit Qty Exc Ratio Ratio 1:2 1:12 1:2 1:12 1:2 1:12 Exp.Stu.lnstr Ratio.Ratio . Instructional NOTE: Before presenting this lesson, instructors must thoroughly prcp_. D-11 DODD0A-000124 ANNEX D Corrections Train-the-Trail er Training Program Guidance by studying this lesson and identified reference material. All instructors must conduct rehearsals prior to presenting this lesson in front of students to ensure each step is mastered and can be demonstrated effectively. Proponent.Name. Rank.Position. Date Lesson Plan Approvals . Edward J. Baldwin Jr. SFC Corrections SME.25 Oct 03 SECTION II. INTRODUCTION Method of Instruction: Conference / Discussion Instructor to Student Ratio is: 1:60 10 mins Time of Instruction: Media: Lame Group Instruction Motivator The concepts relating to self-defense have a long history and originated h ,.): far east. Some of the self-defense tactics include jujitsu, judo, tae kwon d: .• etc. A majority of the techniques taught in this lesson are derived from Aikido, which was founded in Japan in 1925 as an adaptation of jujitsu. Japanese warriors primarily used Aikido for a method Self defense. Pressure points, throwing, a!)c.i joint locking (holds) are its principle techniqUes. An 80-year-old man named Moriki Ushiba who was a master in many different styles of martial arts initially designed aikido. He developed these defer}§rve techniques because as he got older he found that when he would hit or kick ar, opponent he would feel pain as well. He designed Aikido as a means of using iiit. attackers strength and.energy against them just by redirecting their energy. Tilis program was designed for old people woman and children, so if they can pt-:iicrri ­these techniques then everyone here today should have no problem executing these techniques. You must be aware of your surroundings while working within an Internment laciity because whenever men or women are housed in a tightly controlled environrneril. tensions and stress levels increase. As a result there may be times as a staff member that you may find yourself being required to use force to defend yours9if When force is used to quell a disturbance or to defend ourselves we must.U. P-J minimum amount of force all times. Knowing that the propensity for exists be alert for and potential violent attack, as well as being aware of our avem.:!; r; possible escape. Terminal NOTE: Inform the students of the following Terminal Learning Objective Learning requirements. Objective At the completion of this lesson, you [the student] will: React to a physical attack using unarmed self-defense Action: D-12 DODD0A-000125 Safety Requirements ANNEX D Corrections Train-the-Tratter Training Program Condition: Standard: Given a situation that requires you to use physical force against an aggressive assailant who is attacking you in an Internment facility and all lower levels of force have been ineffective. React to a physical attack by selecting the appropriate unarmed self-defense technique and perform all the necessary steps to defend yourself against a physical attack as demonstrated by successfully completing the performance evaluation. There will be a lot of hands on training during this program of instruction. This is a controlled environment and the following safety precautions must be enforced by all instructors and students during this lesson: 1. All participants will only practice those techniques explained by the primary instructor. ALL students MUST relax and be flexible during each technique applied to reduce injury to limbs and joints. 2. There will be no horseplay or other types of disturbances during the class. 3. Instruct students when they feel pain or discomfort while (role playing) as the attacker during ANY techniqub to pat .themselves or pat the ground with a free hand, or say "CODE BLUE" this will inform the student applying the technique to release the pressure in that area. However, the student applying the technique may continue to execute the techryque slowly until the (role playing) attacker complies with the defendeis commands. On the command of "STOP", or "CODE RED" or at the sound of a whistle ALL students applying any technique will release the hold on the attacker and stop the technique being applied in order to minimize injury to one another. SECTION V..All watches, rings, glasses and necklaces etc...must be removed prior to the beginning of class and stored in a safe location away from the training area. 5. All participants must warm up major muscle groups prior to training to help prevent muscular injuries. 6. Additional instructors will be tasked to assist the Primary Instructor to help control and supervise the training as well as assist and critique students as necessary. 7. All techniques will be conducted step by step the first time using a talk through demonstration method of instruction a minimum of two times prior to allowing students an opportunity to conduct any practical exercises. 8. The techniques taught in this lesson will NEVER be conducted by any student at combat speed during this lesson. D- 1 3 DODD0A-000126 ANNEX D Corrections Train-the-Trainer Training Program Risk Low Assessment Level Environmental NOTE: It is the responsibility of all soldiers and DA civilians to protect theConsiderations environment from damage. This material will be tested utilizing a competency-based hands on performance Evaluation evaluation upon completion of the training. The United States Army has high standards to training and Defensive Tactics is one of those high priority-training programs that requires you to participate :r, ano Instructional.understand the policies on what type of techniques you will be authorized to IJER t ¦ =, Lead-In.defend yourself when the time arises. In any potentially dangerous situation: humans have one of two reactions that they will take know as tight or flight. r.k: says you have to stay and fight. But if you do stay you should at least pos se basic knowledge and skills to defend yourself, get away from an attacker confrontation whenever possible. The techniques you will learn in this lesFr)-give you the basic knowledge to do just that. You must be aware of your surroundings while in an Internment facility and be alert for potential attacks trc--. any violent attacker, as well as being aware of your avenues of escape. it -is important that as a staff member working inside of an internment facility that if yo, must use force to defend yourself that you must use the lowest level of force necessary to defend.Yoerself in any situation. This means that you will not only use physical force to defend yourself but, verbal persuasion as well. During lesson you will be instructed how to deescalate a physical confrontation ,afid g. away in order to sound an.alarm to alert other staff within the facility to assist yoti in successfully deescalating the situation. You must understand that this lessor NOT intended to teach any fighting offensive techniques it is intended on providinc• you the skills needed to successfully defend yourself if the situation arises . SECTION III. PRESENTATION SECTION V..Learning Step / Activity 1. Introduction of Natural Weapons of the Body. Method of Instruction: Demonstration Instructor to Student Ratio: 1:12 Time of Instruction: 10 mins Media: Large Group Instruction INSTRUCTOR NOTES: The primary instructor will ensure all assistant instructors Are positioned through out the training area to ensure students can see each demonstra'kt.,n Predesignated assistant instructors will demonstrate each technique, as the primary instru,. explains them. During demonstrations one predesignated assistant instructor will role-play as an att.ck,: the other demonstrates each technique. D-14 ANNEX D Corrections Train-the-Trailer Training Program The following techniques will be conducted initially by the instructors at a moderate pace in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of each technique before it is demonstrated step-by-step using the demonstration method of instruction. All instructors must conduct rehearsals prior to presenting this lesson in front of students to ensure each step is mastered and can be demonstrated effectively. After each step has been demonstrated, have the students perform these steps. Assist and critique students as necessary. • NATURAL WEAPONS OF THE BODY We all have areas of our body that we may employ as natural weapon when defending ourselves following is a list of these areas. • Finger. • Knuckles. • Edge of hand. • Heel of hand. • Head. • Knee. • Shin. • Heel. • Finger poke. • Grab. Elbow. NOTE: Conduct a check on learning and summarize the•learning activity. SECTION V..Learning Step / Activity 2. Perform Proper Stances/Falls. Method of Instruction: Demonstration Instructor to Student Ratio: 1:12 • Time of Instruction: 30 mins Media: Large Group Instruction INSTRUCTOR NOTES: The primary instructor will ensure all assistant instructors Are positioned through out the training area to ensure students can see each demonstration. Predesignated assistant instructors will demonstrate each technique, as the primary instructo; explains them. During demonstrations one predesignated assistant instructor will role-play as-an-attact,.. the other demonstrates each technique. The following techniques will be conducted initially by the instructors at a moderate pace in ::rtie l to demonstrate the effectiveness of each technique before it is demonstrated step-by-stq:, the demonstration method of instruction. Alt instructors must conduct rehearsals prior to presenting this lesson in front of stud ensure each step is mastered and can be demonstrated effectively. After each step has been demonstrated, have the students perform these steps. Assi-:,! • t critique students as necessary. D-15 DODD0A-000128 ANNEX D Corrections Train-the-Traiaer Training Program • Interview-stance. (1) This stance allows complete relaxation yet at the same time allows you a quicker reacticr, SECTION V..The upper body is erect and centered over the hips. The weight is distr. , ,. evenly between the left and right foot. The weak foot to the rear appi shoulder width apart at a forty-five degree angle. The hands are placer waist level in front of the body in a non-Aggressive manner. • Defensive-stance. (1) This is a preferred stance for defending yourself, because you are not braced, but are relaxed comfortable, balanced position from which you may be able to effectively del ,- (2) The upper body is erect and centered over the hips. The head should be carried vel the point of the chin toward the attacker. The knees should be slightly bent and weig'. distributed. The rear elbow is held down and in front of the ribs. The open palm of 1h­faces the attacker and is positioned in front between the shoulders. NOTE: After each step has been demonstrated, have the students perfoi steps. Assist and critique students as necessary. c. Movement Techniques (1) Step and Drag Step - (a) Forward - From the Defenshie Stance, Step forward with your lead foot and dray foot returning to a comfortable defensive stance. (b) Backwards - From the defensive stance, step backwards with your rear foot firSt your lead foot returning to a comfortable defensive stance. (c) Left and Right movements - Depending on which direction your moving in the if), that direction moves first then dragging the trail foot returning to a comfortable dr , stance. SECTION V..Falling Techniques (a) Back fall - cross your arms in front of your chest, squat to a crouch position, rolt buttocks and back keeping your chin tucked in, and slap the mat with both hand . . down. (b) Side fall - is a rolling fall. Roll 45-degrees over your shoulder striking the mat a, . one side of your body, arm will extend out and slapping the mat palms down. NOTE: Conduct a check on learning and summarize the learning activity. SECTION V..Learning Step / Activity 3. Apply Pressure Points. Method of Instruction: Demonstration D-16 DODD0A-000129 ANNEX D Corrections Train-the-Trainer Training Program Instructor to Student Ratio: 1:12 Time of Instruction: 1 hr Media: Large Group Instruction NOTE: Inform students that nothing is 100%; meaning that not every technique will cause the same reaction to every attacker and being able to identify more than one pressure point of the body will aid the defender in applying more than one technique if confronted by an attacker. INSTRUCTOR NOTES: The primary instructor will ensure all assistant instructors are positioned through out the training area to ensure students can see each demonstration. Predesignated assistant instructors will demonstrate each technique, as the primary instructor explains them. During demonstrations one predesignated assistant instructor will role -play as an attacker, while the other demonstrates each technique. The following techniques will be conducted initially by the instructors at a moderate pace in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of each technique before it is demonstrated step-by-step using the demonstration method of instruction. All instructors must conduct rehearsals prior to presenting this lesson in front of students to ensure each step is mastered and can be demonstrated effectively. After each step has been demonstrated, have the students perform these steps. Assist and critique students as necessary. CAUTION-CAUTION- CAUTION- CAUTION-CAUTION- CAUTION- CAUTION-CAUTION- CAUTION Remind students when they feel pain or discomfort while (role playing) as the attacker during ANY technique to pat themselves or pat the ground with a free hand, or say "CODE BLUE" this vyill inform the student applying the technique to release the pressure in that area. However, the student plying the technique may continue to execute the technique slowly until the (role playing) attacker complies with the defenders commands. On the command of "STOP", or "CODE RED" or at the sound of a whistle ALL students applying any technique will relese the hold on the attacker and stop the technique being ,applied in order to minimize injury to one another. APPLY PRESSURE POINTS: By applying pressure to certain areas of an attacker's body, you may be able to disarm him, escape or control the attack. Vital areas (Pressure Points) are those areas that are vulnerable to pressure applied by the hand, foot, or knee and may cause pain. Pressure points are sensitive to various types of applications, whether by hand, finger, knee, foot, or any available defensive tool. Proper application of pressure to a vulnerable area will either impede or incapacitate a violent attacker. You be aware that people have different tolerances for pain and some pressure points may not be as effective. When applying one technique and it does not appear to give you desired effect immediately move to another pressure point. These techniques can also be used when conducting force cell moves. Pressure points include: (1) Infra-orbital nerve (nose) - Secure the head by reaching around with weak hand and grasping . the chin. Ensure to keep your fingers away from the mouth. The head should be secured into the pocket of the around armpit area. With your strong hand (knife hand) apply pressure to nose by pushing in then up. Once assailant complies release the pressure not the hold . D - 1 7 DODD0A-000130 ANNEX. D Corrections Train-the-Trainer Training Program (2) Mandibular angle nerve (ear)— Secure the head by reaching around with weak hand and grasping the chin. Ensure to keep your fingers away from the mouth. The head should be secured into the pocket of the around armpit area. Hyper extend the head to the opposite side • where pressure is going to be applied. Slide your thumb downward from the top of the ear to bottom. You will feet a pocket towards the bottom of the ear, this is where you will push your thumb inward towards the opposite ear. Once assailant complies release the pressure not the hold. (3) Hypoglossal nerve (under jaw) with your grasping hand you should apply pressure uncle! the - jaw by pushing in and up. (4) Suprascapular (traps) -With a knife hand strike make contact with the muscle area o!, the trapezoids. (5) Brachial stun -impact should be made with a ridge hand or forearm across the bracl:::i' on the side of the neck. (6) Clavicle nerve - impact should be made by applying pressure in a downward motion clavicle/collar bone. (7) Jugular notch nerve -Place your index finger directly into the Jugular notch and app! .,, in a downward motion. (8) Radial nerve (Forearm) - With a knife hand strike apply pressure or impact. directly on tor •71 tr;=. ' forearm. (9) Median nerve (Forearm) -With a knife hand strike apply pressure or impact directly 1.;:1de: forearm. (10) Parainal nerve (leg) -impact should be made with the knee just above the back of the knee to the outside of the leg (thigh muscle area) NOTE: Conduct a check on learning and summarize the learning activity. SECTION V..Learning Step / Activity 4. Create and Maintain Distance. Method of Instruction: Demonstration Instructor to Student Ratio: 1:12 Time of Instruction: 30 mins Media: Large Group Instruction INSTRUCTOR NOTES: The primary instructor will ensure all assistant instructors are positioned through out the training area to ensure students can see each demonstroil , .:- Predesignated assistant instructors will demonstrate each technique, as the primary in explains them. D-18 DODD0A-000131 ANNEX D Corrections Train-the-Traiaer Training Program During demonstrations one predesignated assistant instructor will role-play as an attacker, while the other demonstrates each technique. The following techniques will be conducted initially by the instructors at a moderate pace in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of each technique before it is demonstrated step-by-step using the demonstration method of instruction. All instructors must conduct rehearsals prior to presenting this lesson in front of students to ensure each step is mastered and can be demonstrated effectively. After each step has been demonstrated, have the students perform these steps. Assist and critique students as necessary. CAUTION-CAUTION- CAUTION- CAUTION-CAUTION- CAUTION- CAUTION-CAUTION- CAUTION Remind students when they feel pain or discomfort while (role playing) as the attacker during ANY technique to pat themselves or pat the ground with a free hand, or say "CODE BLUE" this will inform the student applying the technique to release the pressure in that area. However, the student applying the technique may continue to execute the technique slowly until the (role playing) attacker complies with the defenders commands. On the command of "STOP", or "CODE RED" or at the sound of a whistle ALL students applying any technique will release the hold on the attacker and stop the technique being applied in order to minimize injury to one another. ONEHAND CHECK: - (1) One-hand check — While informing the individual to stop you will forcefully extend you your lead hand, hands open, lower portion of palm forward at the assailant at the same time he/she is making an attack. (2) Use the palm of your lead hand, direct the strike to the brachial plexus tie-in and immediately re-track turn towards your nearest avenue of escape. (This s}iould disturb your attacker's rhythm, thus giving you ample time to vacate the area.) . 11 (3) Subsequently, allowing you to create and maintain distance using any of the previous techniques. Utilize your body alarm, radio or whistle to seek assistance as you are using your avenue of escape. TWOHANDED CHECK: - (1) Twohanded check this technique is applied in the same manner as the one hand -— ­ check with the following exceptions: use both palms and direct the strike to both sides of the brachial plexus tie-in. (2) Once contact is made with the attacker look for your nearest avenue of escape. (This should disturb your attacker's rhythm, thus giving you ample time to vacate the area). (3) Subsequently, allowing you to create and maintain distance using any of the previous techniques. Utilize your body alarm, radio or whistle to seek assistance as you are using your avenue of escape. ITHREE-POINT CHECK: (1) Three-point check — If a situation arises where time and space does not permit you to escape from a rushing attacker, use the wall behind you as a support and simultaneously lift the lead knee and direct strikes (palms) to the brachial plexus tie-in. (2) Once contact is made with the attacker, look for your nearest avenue of escape. (This should disturb your attacker's rhythm, thus giving you ample time to vacate the area). • D-19 ANNEX D Corrections Train-the-Trater Training Program (3) Subsequently, allowing you to create and maintain distance using any of the. previous techniques. Utilize your body alarm, radio or whistle to seek assistance as you are using your avenue of escape. TWO or MORE ASSAILANTS: (1) Two or more assailants- Never attempt to run or move between assailants. Assess the situation look for the nearest avenue of escape, and move toward the outer most portion of the attackers. (2) You will always attempt to keep one attacker between you and the rest or push that attacker into the rest of the attackers while you use your avenue of escape. (This should disturb your attacker's rhythm, thus giving you ample time to vacate the area). (3) Subsequently, allowing you to create and maintain distance using any of the previous techniques. Utilize your body alarm, radio or whistle to seek assistance as you are using your avenue of escape. NOTE: Conduct a check on learning and summarize the learning activity. Learning Step / Activity 5. Defend Against Lapel Grabs. Method of Instruction: Demonstration Instructor to Student Ratio: 1:12 Time of Instruction: 2hrs Media: Large Group Instruction INSTRUCTOR NOTES: The primary instructor will ensure all assistant instructors are positioned through out the training area to ensure students can see each demonstration. Predesignated assistant instructors will demonstrate each technique, as the primary instructor explains them. During demonstrations one predesignated assistant instructor will role-play as an atilcker, while the other demonstrates each technique. The following techniques will be conducted initially by the instructors at a moderate pace in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of each technique before it is demonstrated step-by-step using the demonstration method of instruction. All instructors must conduct rehearsals prior to presenting this lesson in front of students to ensure each step is mastered and can be demonstrated effectively. After each step has been demonstrated, have the students perform these steps. Assist and critique students as necessary. CAUTION-CAUTION- CAUTION- CAUTION-CAUTION- CAUTION- CAUTION-CAUTION- CAUTION Remind students when they [eel pain or discomfort while (role playing) as the attacker during ANY technique to pat themselves or pat the ground with a free hand, or say "CODE BLUE" this wilt inform the student applying the technique to release the pressure in that area. However, the student applying the technique may continue to execute the technique slowly until the (role playing) attacker complies with the defenders commands. On the command of "STOP", or "CODE RED" or at the sound of a whistle ALL students applying any technique will release the hold on the attacker and stop the technique being applied in order to minimize injury to one another. INSTRUCTOR NOTE: Prior to employing any technique the students must understand the FIVE phases of AIKIDO. Furthermore, everyone must understand the importance of employing all five phases every D-20 DODD0A-000133 ANNEX D Corrections Train-the-Trainer Training Program time someone attempts to harm him or her and if they employ the techniques properly they will be able to successfully defend themselves. FIRST PHASE: "Mind Direction" This is a distraction technique you must employ to temporarily redirect your attackers mind for a split second from the area or point on your attackers body that you intend on grabbing. (Simply slapping your attackers face lightly or kicking your attacker in the shin lightly may accomplish this). INSTRUCTOR NOTE: Bring a student to the front of the class and have him place his arm straight out to the side. Demonstrate the distraction technique by initially attempting to push his hand straight down while exerting a lot of energy. and not being able to move the hand down. Once you have the students attention attempt to push it down once again but also use your free hand and move it towards the students groin are illustrating the use of distracting his attention for a split second and the hand that was pushing the students hand down will be able to effectively accomplish this task (reinforcing your teaching of the distracting technique. SECOND PHASE: "Energy Direction" This is a technique you must employ to temporarily redirect your attackers strength and energy. This is accomplished in conjunction with first phase, by slight moving your attackers energy in the opposite direction (2-4 inches) for a split second causing him to exert more energy in the opposite direction in which you intend to move in order to effectively employ any given technique. (an example of this is when your attacker is pulling your arm in a direction and your entire body moves that way over exaggerating your movement this will cause him to push the opposite direction with more energy than you, allowing you to employ your defensive technique more effectively with little or no force on your part). THIRD PHASE: "Proper Grip and Technique" This is utilized simultaneously with phase 1 & 2 and is where you must employ your intended defensive technique properly. These techniques will be explained as we advance through the lesson): - FOURTH PHASE: "Pain Compliance_ This is where'yothmust effectively apply a technique in a manner that causes the attacker to no longer present a threat to you. This is accomplished by applying only enough pressure to a specific area of the body (ie: wrist/foot or pressure point) to keep the acker on the li threshold of pain, care must be given to ensure that you do not keep steady pressure on aii area for too long or the attacker will become oblivious to the pain and resist your technique and attack you more aggressively. FIFTH PHASE: "Proper Release" This is where you must effectively position your attacker in a manner that he will not be able to re-attack you upon your release of him. This is accomplished by utilizing the fourth phase in conjunction with your communication skills to direct him into a compliant position facing away from your escape route, allowing you to release him and subsequently, allowing you to create and maintain distance using any of the previous techniques. Utilizing your body alarm, radio or whistle, seeking assistance as you are using your avenue of escape. NOTE: When applying wrist hold techniques, proper grip is of utmost importance. If you have a proper grip, your attacker will not be able to get out of the hold easily thus defeating his efforts and placing you in a safe controlling position. Using the wrist holds enables you to assist the attacker to the ground giving you the ability to gain even more time and space as well as to create and maintain distance. Be aware that it only takes 2 to 5 lbs. Of pressure to break the wrist, 6 to 8 for the elbow, 8 to 10 for the shoulder, and this can be accomplished with two fingers if a person resists the hold. When an attacker grabs you and you apply one of the wrist holds properly you will not break your attackers joints. The attacker will fracture his own joints if he resists the hold. Again always ensure to give orders to the attacker, so that he knows what you want him to do i.e. "STOP", "GET DOWN ON THE FLOOR" etc... Inform the students: An attacker will grab you in one of three ways. We will discuss these three as Palms Up, Palms Down and Palms Facing In. The first lapel grab we will discuss and demonstrate will be if an attacker grabs you with hi:: Palms Up. D-21 DODD0A-000134 ANNEX 'D Corrections Train-the-Traiger Training Program NOTE: The following techniques will be conducted initially by the instructors at a moderate pace in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of each technique before it is demonstrated step-by­step using the demonstration method of instruction. Palms Up defense using 'Wrist Hold #1": Role Playing (Attacker): Reach and grab the shirt of the defender with both hands Palms Up. Defender: Utilizing the first phase (Mind Direction) kick the shin of your attacker, white simultaneously employing the second phase (Energy Direction) leaning and pulling your upper body slightly to the rear 2­4 inches. This will distract the attacker and cause him to respond by pulling you forward. As you are employing phase 1 & 2 simultaneously utilize the third phase (Proper Grip) by grabbing the left hand of your attacker in the following manor using the `Wrist Hold #1" defensive technique. Wrist hold #1. (Proper Technique) Reach and grab the meaty part of the little finger of the attackers left hand with your left hand and simultaneously grab the meaty part of his right thumb with your right hand and place your thumbs together on the center of the back of the attackers hand just below the knuckles. Bend the attackers wrist straight back to his elbow, causing him to drop to his knees. With both of your hands twist the attackers left hand to the right causing him to lie on his back. While maintaining control of the attackers hand with both of your hands ensure that you maintain your balance (the general rule of thumb is that your feet are always wider than your knees.and.your knees are always wider than your shoulders).. ; :: - . Next; hyper extend his left arm ands-lide your letf.hand down the attackers arm and grasp his arm just before the elbow. your Simultaneously, twist the attackers left hand to the right with your right hand and pull t */s arm to the left with your left hand, while walking around his head (using the step-drag-step) technique learned previously in this lesson causing him, to lie flat on his stomach. 'NOTE: Do not cross your feet while walking around the attackers head or you will be pulled off balance. Once the attacker is flat on his stomach, slide your left hand back up to the attackers hand and re­grab his hand using wrist hold #1 as you did in step a above. Execute the fourth phase (Pain Compliance) by slightly bending the attackers hand straight back to his elbow while keeping his arm straight and moving it along his torso towards his head. While applying pain compliance verbally direct your attacker to look away from you place his free hand under his groin and cross his legs. NOTE: (CAUTION) Only apply enough pressure to the attacker until he is compliant to your commands, but do NOT release your grip until you are ready to move away from him. Remain cognizant that it only takes 2 to 5 lbs of pressure to break the wrist, 6 to 8 lbs of pressure to break the elbow and 8 to 10 lbs of pressure for the shoulder to break. The attacker will fracture his own joints if he resists the hold. Again always ensure to give verbal instructions to the attacker, so that he knows what you want him to do. The fifth phase (Proper Release) can now be executed by you releasing his left hand subsequently, allowing you to create and maintain distance using any of the previous techniques. Utilizing your body alarm, radio or whistle, seeking assistance as you are using your avenue of escape. D-22 ANNEX D Corrections Train-the-Traqer Training Program NOTE: Following the demonstration of this technique at least two times have students pair off into lines with half facing the front and the other half facing the rear of the training area so that you can begin the step by step method of instruction. Inform the students that those that are facing the front of the class will be the defender first and once each step is explained and practiced the students will change rolls and you will repeat the steps. NOTE: Direct the students to "simulate" grabbing one another when (role playing) as the attacker, by placing their left hand, fingers extended and joined palm facing their own face directly in front of their face. This will facilitate proper grip as well as prevent unnecessary injury to wrists. To help the students be able to practice the technique on themselves direct the students to perform the following: Place your left hand in the center of your chest, palm up, and bend your fingers upward, so that your pinky finger is against the breastbone. With your right hand grasp the meaty part of your thumb with your fingers. Place your right thumb tip between the index finger and middle finger below the knuckles. Bend the wrist straight back to the elbow until they feel pressure. This is the proper grip and technique. The second lapel grab we will discuss and demonstrate will be if an attacker grabs you with his Palms Down. NOTE: The following techniques will be conducted initially by the instructors at a moderate pace in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of each technique before it is demonstrated step-by­step using the demonstration method of instruction. Palms down defense using 'Wrist Hold #2": Role Playing (Attacker): Reach and grab the shirt of the defender with both hands Palms Down. Defender: Utilizing the first phase (Mind Direbtion) lift your right hand and slap the left side of the attackers face, while simultaneously employing the second phase (Energy Direction) leaning and pulling your upper body slightly to your left 2-4 inches. This will distract the attacker and cause hirp lio respond by pulling you to the right. As you are employing phase 1 & 2 simultaneously utilize the third phase (Proper Grip) by grabbing the top of your attackers right hand (meaty part of the little finger) in the following manor using the 'Wrist Hold #2" defensive technique. .Wrist hold #2. (Proper Technique) Reach and grab the meaty part of the little finger of the attackers right hand with your right hand, while placing your right thumb in the webbing of his forefinger and thumb. With your right hand quickly twist the attackers right hand to your right in a clockwise circular fashion. Simultaneously reach up with your left hand and place the webbing of your forefinger and thumb just above the attackers right elbow and continue to twist your attackers hand to the right causing your attacker to bend at the waist. You will utilize both phase 4 & 5 in this next step. With both of your hands continue to twist the attackers right hand in a clockwise circular motion to the right as he is moving to your right, you must step back to your right with your right foot (maintaining your balance) and quickly release your attacker causing him to hit the floor. Subsequently, allowing you to create and maintain distance using any of the previous techniques. Utilizing your body alarm, radio or whistle, seeking assistance as you are using your avenue of escape. D-23 DODD0A-000136 ANNEX D Corrections Train the-TrimerTraining Program NOTE: (CAUTION) Only apply enough pressure to the attacker until he Is compliant to your Commands, but do NOT release your grip until you are ready to move away from him. Remain cognizant that it only takes 2 to 5 lbs of pressure to break the wrist, 6 to 8 lbs of pressure to break the elbow and '8 to 10 lbs of pressure for the shoulder to break. The attacker will fracture his own joints if he resists the hold. Again always ensure to give verbal instructions to the attacker, so that he knows what you want him to do. NOTE: Following the demonstration of this technique at least two times have students pair off into lines with half facing the front and the other half facing the rear of the training area so that you can begin the step by step method of instruction. Inform the students that those that are facing the front of the class will be the defender first and once each step is explained and practiced the students will change rolls and you will repeat the steps. NOTE: Direct the students to "simulate" grabbing one another when (role playing) as the attacker, by placing their Tight hand, fingers extended and joined palm facing their down towards the defender. This will facilitate proper grip as well as prevent unnecessary injury to wrists. To help the students be able to practice the technique on themselves direct the students to perform the following: Place your left hand across the center of your chest, palm down, your fingers are extended, joined and parallel to the ground. With your right hand reach across the top of your left hand and grasp the meaty part of your little finger with your fingers. Plate .your right thumb tip in the webbing of the forefinger and thumb. Twist and bend the left wrist outward until you feel pressure. This is the proper grip and technique. The third lapel grab we will discuss and demonstrate will be if an attacker grabs you with his Palms Facing In. , NOT: The following techniques will be conducted initially by the instructors at a moderate pace in order to•demonstrate the effectiveness of eachiechnique before it is 'demonstrated step-by-..,step using the demonstration method of instruction. Palms Up defense using "Wrist Hold #3": ri Role Playing (Attacker): Reach and grab the shirt of the defender with both hands Palms Facing In. Defender: Utilizing the first phase (Mind Direction) kick the shin of your attacker, while simultaneously -employing the second phase (Energy Direction) leaning and pulling your upper body slightly to your left 2­4 inches. This will distract the attacker and cause him to respond by pulling you to your right. As you are employing phase 1 & 2 simultaneously utilize the third phase (Proper Grip) by grabbing the left hand of your attacker in the following manor using the "Wrist Hold #3" defensive technique. Wrist hold #3. (Proper Technique) Reach and grab the meaty part of the thumb of the attackers left hand with your right hand and place your thumb on the back of the attackers hand just below the knuckles of the ring finger and little finger, while simultaneously placing the palm of your left hand on top of your right thumb (keeping your thumb in place) causing your attacker to bend backward and to his left at the waist. You will utilize both phase 4 & 5 in this next step. With both of your hands continue to quickly twist the attackers left wrist to your right and forward bending his wrist back to his elbow and outward over his shoulder at an approx angle of 45 degrees, you must step backward slightly to your right with your right foot (maintaining your balance) and quickly release your attacker causing him to hit the floor. Subsequently, allowing you to create and maintain distance using any of the previous techniques. Utilizing your body alarm, radio or whistle, seeking assistance as you are using your avenue of escape. D-24 ANNEX D Corrections Train-the-Trainer Training Program NOTE: (CAUTION) Only apply enough pressure to the attacker until he is compliant to your commands, but do NOT release your grip until you are ready to move away from him. Remain cognizant that it only takes 2 to 5 lbs otpressure to break the wrist, 6 to 8 lbs of pressure to break the elbow and 8 to 10 lbs of pressure for the shoulder to break. The attacker will fracture his own joints if he resists the hold. Again always ensure to give verbal instructions to the attacker, so that he knows what you want him to do. NOTE: Following the demonstration of this technique at least two times have students pair off into lines with half facing the front and the other half facing the rear of the training area so that you can begin the step by step method of instruction. Inform the students that those that are facing the front of the class will be the defender first and once each step is explained and practiced the students will change rolls and you will repeat the steps. NOTE: Direct the students to "simulate" grabbing one another when (role playing) as the attacker, by placing their left hand, fingers extended and joined palm facing their own face directly in front of their face. This will facilitate proper grip as well as prevent unnecessary injury to wrists. To help the students be able to practice the technique on themselves direct the students to perform the following: Place your left hand in the center of your chest, palm up, keeping your fingers extended and joined and place your pinky finger is against your breastbone. With you right hand grasp the meaty part of your thumb with your fingers. Place your right thumb tip between the ring finger and little finger on the back of your left hand below the knuckles. Turn your wrist outward away from your body until you feel pressure. This is the proper grip and technique. NOTE: Conduct a check on learning and summarize the learning activity. Learning Step / Activity 6. Defend Against Wrist Grabs Method of Instruction: Demonstration Instructor to Student Ratio: 1:12 Time of Instruction: 30 mins Media: Large Group Instruction INSTRUCTOR NOTES: The primary instructor will ensure all assistant instructors are positioned through out the training area to ensure students can see each demonstration. Predesignated assistant instructors will demonstrate each technique, as the primary instructor explains them. During demonstrations one predesignated assistant instructor will role-play as an attacker, while the other demonstrates each technique. The following techniques will be conducted initially by the instructors at a moderate pace in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of each technique before it is demonstrated step-by-step using the demonstration method of instruction. All instructors must conduct rehearsals prior to presenting this lesson in front of students to ensure each step is mastered and can be demonstrated effectively. After each step has been demonstrated, have the students perform these steps. Assist and critique students as necessary. CAUTION-CAUTION- CAUTION- CAUTION-CAUTION- CAUTION- CAUTION-CAUTION- CAUTION D-25 DODD0A-000138 ANNEX D Corrections Train-the-Traiaer Training Program Remind students when theyfeel pain or discomfort while (role playing) as the attacker during ANY technique to pat themselves or pat the ground with a free hand, or say "CODE-BLUE" this will inform the student applying the technique to release the pressure in that area. However, the student applying the technique may continue to execute the technique slowly until the (role playing) attacker complies with the defenders commands. On the command of "STOP", or "CODE RED" or at the sound of a whistle ALL students applying any technique will release the hold on the attacker and stop the technique being applied in order to minimize injury to one another. WRIST GRABS. (1) Attacker grabs you by one of your wrists with one of his hands. (Weak Thumb Principle) (a) Spread your fingers on the hand of the wrist that is grabbed. (b) Twist that hand and pull against the opening of the attackers forefinger and thumb. (c) Attacker will release his grip. • (d) Subsequently, create and maintain distance using any of the previous techniques. Utilize your body alarm, radio or whistle to seek assistance as you are using your avenue of escape. (2) Attacker grabs you by one of your wrists with two of his hands. (Weak Thumb Principle) (a) Spread your fingers on the hand of which wrist is grabbed. (b) Twist that hand and pull against the opening of the attackers forefingers and thumbs. (c) If he does not release his grip, use your free hand to grab your other hand and pull against the opening of the attackers forefingers and thumbs. (d) Attacker will release his grip. (e) Subsequently, create and maintain distance using any of the previous techniques. Utilize your body alarm, radio or whistle to seek assistance as you are using your avenue of. escape. Attacker grabs one of your wrists across your body and none of the above ,Works. ./ / The attacker is facing you and reaches across your body to grab your right wrist with hrs right hand. (b) You must slightly pull your right arm to the right approx 2-4 inches to redirect his energy causing your attacker to pull your right arm to his right. (c) Continue to move your right arm to his right using his energy until the palm of your right hand is parallel to the ground above his wrist, then immediately rotate your right hand in a clockwise circular motion to the right in order to grasp the back of the attackers right wrist. Immediately cover the top of the attackers fingers on his right hand with your left hand palm down. With both of your hands apply pressure against the attacker's wrist in a downward fashion. At this point, you will cause the attacker to drop to his knees. Subsequently, create and maintain distance using any of the previous techniques. Utilize your body alarm, radio or whistle to seek assistance as you are using your avenue of escape. NOTE: These techniques can be utilized whether either the left or right hand is grabbed across the body. Attacker grabs one of your wrists using the opposite hand and none of the above works. The attacker is facing you and grabs your right wrist with his left hand. (d) First, you must slightly pull your right arm to your left approx 2-4 inches to redirect his energy causing your attacker to pull your right arm to his left. (c) Continue to move your right arm to his left using his energy until the palm of your right hand is parallel to the ground above his wrist, then immediately rotate your right hand in a counterclockwise circular motion to the right in order to grasp the back of the attackers left wrist. Immediately cover the top of the attackers fingers on his left hand with your left hand palm down. D-26 DODD0A-000139 ANNEX D Corrections Trainthe-Trainer Training Program (e) With both of your hands apply pressure against the attacker's wrist in a downward fashion. (f) At this point, you will cause the attacker to drop to his knees. Subsequently, create and maintain distance using any of the previous techniques. Utilize your body alarm, radio or whistle to seek assistance as you are using your avenue of escape. NOTE: These techniques can be utilized whether either the left or right hand is grabbed. Attacker grabs both of your wrists simultaneously. The attacker is facing you and grabs both your right and left wrists simultaneously. First, you must simultaneously slightly pull both your right and left arms outward to the side approx 2-4 inches to redirect his energy causing your attacker to pull your arms inward. Continue to move your right arm to his left using his energy until the palm of your right hand is parallel to the ground facing upward under his right wrist. Immediately grab the meaty part of the thumb of his right hand your right hand and pull downward to his right in a counterclockwise circular motion. As he lets go of his grip, immediately cover the top your right thumb with your left hand palm down. Apply pressure against the attacker's wrist in a downward fashion. At this point, you will cause the attacker to fall backward rapidly. Subsequently, create and maintain distance using any of the previous techniques. Utilize your body alarm, radio or whistle to seek assistance as you are using your avenue of escape. NOTE:.Conduct a check on learning-and summarize the learning activity. 7. Learning Step / Activity 7. Defend against a .Bear Hug, Head Lock, Choke Hold, and Full Nelson Method of Instruction: Demonstration . Instructor to Student Ratio: 1:12 Time of Instruction: 2hrs Media: Large-Group Instruction „1 / INSTRUCTOR NOTES: The primary instructor will ensure all assistant instructors are positioned through out the training area to ensure students can see each demonstration. Predesignated assistant instructors will demonstrate each technique, as the primary instructor explains them. During demonstrations one, predesignated assistant instructor will role-play as an attacker, while the other demonstrates each technique. The following techniques will be conducted initially by the instructors at a moderate pace in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of each technique before it is demonstrated step-by-step using the demonstration method of instruction. All instructors must conduct rehearsals prior to presenting this lesson in front of students to ensure each step is mastered and can be demonstrated effectively. After each step has been demonstrated, have the students perform these steps. Assist and critique students as necessary. CAUTION-CAUTION- CAUTION- CAUTION-CAUTION- CAUTION- CAUTION-CAUTION- CAUTION Remind students when they feel pain or discomfort while (role playing) as the attacker during ANY technique to pat themselves or pat the ground with a free hand, or say "CODE BLUE" this will inform the student applying the technique to release the pressure in that area. However, the student applying the technique may continue to execute the technique slowly until the (role playing) attacker complies with the D-27 ANNEX 0 Corrections Train-the-Traizer Training Program defenders commands. On the command of "STOP", or "CODE RED" or at the sound of a whistle ALL students applying any technique will release the hold on the attacker and stop the technique being applied in order to minimize injury to one another. Bear Hug Defense: Attempted Bear Hug from the Front (Pinning the Arms) As a defender you must assume a good natural interview-stance. Upon being approached by an attacker that has his arms out in a threatening manner with the intent to grab you from your front around your torso you must immediately assume a defensive stance as explained previously in this lesson. Your reaction will be unexpected by your attacker and a last minute response by standing your ground. (if your arms are pinned) make a fist with your strong hand placing it on your chest with the knuckles facing outward, you must slide your hand up or down your chest until it is directly in­front of your attackers sternum. As he applies pressure to you he will feel pain to his sternum causing him to release his grip on you. Subsequently, create and maintain distance using any of the previous techniques. Utilize your body alarm, radio or whistle to seek assistance as you are using your avenue of escape. Attempted Bear Hug from the Front (Not Pinningthe Arms) As a defender you must assume a good natural interview-stance. Upon being approached by an attacker that has his arms out in a threatening manner with the intent to grab you from your front around your torso you must immediately assume a defensive stance as explained previously in this lesson. Your reaction will be unexpected by your attacker and a last minute response uy standing your ground. (if your arms are not pinned) -with your strong hand use one of your natural weapons of your body the edge of your hand and apply one of the pressure points as learned earlier in this lesson by applying pressure to the (Infra-orbital nerve). As you apply pressure to his nose area he will feel pain causing him to release his grip on you. Subsequently, create and maintain distance using any of the previous techniques. Utilize your body alarm, radio or whistle to seek assistance as you are using your avenue of escape. Attempted Bear Hug from the Rear (Pinning the Arms) As a defender you must assume a good natural interview-stance. Upon being approached by an attacker that has his arms out in a threatening manner with the intent to grab you from the rear around your torso you must immediately assume a defensive stance as explained previously in this lesson. Your reaction will be unexpected by your attacker and a last minute response by standing your ground. (if your arms are pinned) lower your center of gravity by spreading your feet as wide as you can and step to your strong side maintaining your balance. D-28 DODD0A-000141 ANNEX D Corrections Train-the-Trainer Training Program Make a fist with your weak hand and reach back as hard and as fast as you can to strike your attacker in the groin area. As he will feel pain to his groin he will release his grip on you. Subsequently, create and maintain distance using any of the previous techniques. Utilize your body alarm, radio or whistle to seek assistance as you are using your avenue of escape. Attempted Bear Hug from the Rear (Not Pinning the Arms) As a defender you must assume a good natural interview-stance. Upon being approached by an attacker that has his arms out in a threatening manner with the intent to grab you from the rear around your torso you must immediately assume a defensive stance as explained previously in this lesson. Your reaction will be unexpected by your attacker and a last minute response by standing your ground. (if your arms are not pinned) lower your center of gravity by spreading your feet as wide as you can and step to your strong side maintaining your balance. Make a fist with your strong hand and strike the back of the attackers hand with your knuckles until he releases one of his fingers. As he releases a finger, you must grab the free finger with your hand that is on that side and rotate it outward causing his hand to become inverted. This pain will cause him to release his grip on you. Subsequently, create and maintain distance using any of the previous techniques. Utilize your body alarm, radio.or whistle to seek assistance as you are using your avenue of escape. Head Lock Defense: As a defender you must assume a good natural interview-stance. Upon being 1%proached by an attacker that has his arms out in a threatening manner with the intent to grab you from your front around your head you must immediately assume a defensive stance as explained previously in this lesson. Your reaction will be unexpected by your attacker and a last minute response by standing your ground. Immediately turn your head inward towards your attackers stomach, reducing injury from your attacker punching your face. With your hand that is to the rear of your attacker reach up his back to his throat and apply one of the pressure points learned previously in this lesson either (Hypoglossal nerve under the jaw or Mandibular angle nerve under the ear). While applying pressure to one of these areas simultaneously utilize the hand that is to the front by reaching under the attackers leg and pinch a tiny area near the femoral nerve. This technique will cause your attacker extreme pain and he will release his grip on you. Subsequently, create and maintain distance using any of the previous techniques. Utilize your body alarm, radio or whistle to seek assistance as you are using your avenue of escape. Choke Defense from the Front: D-29 DODD0A-000142 ANNEX D Corrections Train-the-Trainer Training Program As a defender you must assume a good natural interview-stance. Upon being approached by an attacker that has his arms out in a threatening manner with the intent to grab you from your front around your neck you must immediately assume a defensive stance as explained previously in this lesson. Your reaction will be unexpected by your attacker and a last minute response by standing your ground. Immediately bring your strong hand up, over and under your attackers wrists close to your throat. Bring your weak hand against your strong hand and apply pressure against your wrists twisting to your strong side. This technique will cause your attacker to release his grip on you utilizing the weak principle as learned previous in this lesson. Subsequently, create and maintain distar: ,_:E.- using any of the previous techniques. Utilize your body alarm, radio or whistle to seek assistance as you are using your avenue of escape. Choke Defense from the Rear: As a defender you must assume a good natural interview-stance. Upon being api.• an attacker that has his arms out in a threatening manner with the intent to grab v: rear around your neck you must immediately assume a defensive stance as expi.1:( , previously in this lesson. Your reaction will be unexpected by your attacker and a last minute response by statici ,, ,c, your ground. Upon the attacker bringing his arm around your throat immediately lower your center ot gravity by spreading your feet as wide as you can and step to either your strong cif maintaining your balance while simultaneously tucking your chin into his elbow'/ Reach up with both of your hands and grab your attackers elbow and pull down. Pull your attackers elbow to either your weak or strong side (depending on which elbow is) (if he grabs you with his right arm you will step back with your left foot and vIsf. ,: versa) and step back with either your weak or strong foot throwing your attacker to the ground over your hip. NOTE: Do NOT attempt to throw your attacker over your shoulder or you will cause yourself unnecessary pain and suffering. This technique will cause your attacker to release his grip on you subsequently, .• i maintain distance using any of the previous techniques. Utilize your body alarm, radio or whi.st!: assistance as you are using your avenue of escape. Full Nelson Defense (Prevention): As a defender you must assume a good natural interview-stance. Upon being appr an attacker that has his arms out in a threatening manner with the intent to grab .•-rear in an attempt to place you in a full nelson you must immediately assume a cis stance as explained previously in this lesson. Your reaction will be unexpected by your attacker and a last minute response by ••;.1 • your ground. D-30 DODD0A-000143 ANNEX D Corrections Train-the-Trater Training Program Being aware of your surroundings will assist greatly in prevention from being placed in a full nelson. As soon as you feel anyone touching your mid section from the rear lock your arms and clinch them together pinning anyone that may be attempting to do you harm. Immediately lower your center of gravity by spreading your feet as wide as you can and step to your strong side maintaining your balance. With either your strong or weak hand grab a free finger of your attacker and rotate it outward causing his hand to become inverted. This pain will cause him to release his grip on you. Subsequently, create and maintain distance using any of the previous techniques. Utilize your body alarm, radio or whistle to seek assistance as you are using your avenue of escape. Full Nelson Defense: As a defender you must assume a good natural interview-stance. Upon being approached by an attacker that has his arms out in a threatening manner with the intent to grab you from the rear in an attempt to place you in a full nelson you must immediately assume a defensive stance as explained previously in this lesson. Your reaction will be unexpected by your attacker and a last minute response by standing your ground. Upon being placed in a full nelson immediately lower your center of gravity by spreading your feet as wide as you can and step to your strong side maintaining your balance, simultaneously, use the knuckles of your fists to strike the back of the hands of your attacker causing him to release a finger. As he releases a finger, you must grab the free finger with the hand that is on that side and -rotate it outward causing his hand to become inverted. This pain will cause him to refease.his. grip on you. Subsequently, create and maintain distance using any of the previous • techniques. Utilize your body alarm, radio or whistle to seek assistance as you are using your avenue of escape. NOTE: Conduct a check on learning and summarize the learning activity. Learning Step / Activity 8. Defend against a Knife Attack Method of Instruction: Demonstration Instructor to Student Ratio: 1:12 Time of Instruction: 2 hrs Media: Large Group Instruction INSTRUCTOR NOTES: The primary instructor will ensure all assistant instructors are positioned through out the training area to ensure students can see each demonstration. Predesignated assistant instructors will demonstrate each technique, as the primary instructor explains them. During demonstrations one predesignated assistant instructor will role-play as an attacker, while the other demonstrates each technique. The following techniques will be conducted initially by the instructors at a moderate .n. order to demonstrate the effectiveness of each technique before it is demonstrated step-by .;OP the demonstration method of instruction. D-31 DODD0A-000144 ANNEX D Corrections Train-the-TrajQer Training Program All Instructors must conduct rehearsals prior to presenting this lesson in front of students to ensure each step Is mastered and can be demonstrated effectively. After each step has been demonstrated, have the students perform these steps. Assist and critique students as necessary. CAUTION-CAUTION- CAUTION- CAUTION-CAUTION- CAUTION- CAUTION-CAUTION- CAUTION Remind students when they feel pain or discomfort while (role playing) as the attacker during ANY technique to pat themselves or pat the ground with a free hand, or say "CODE BLUE" this will inform the student applying the technique to release the pressure in that area. However, the student applying the technique may continue to execute the technique slowly until the (role playing) attacker complies with the defenders commands. On the command of "STOP", or "CODE RED" or at the sound of a whistle ALL students applying any technique will release the hold on the attacker and stop the technique being applied in order to minimize injury to one another. NOTE: When confronted by an attacker with any potentially sharp object or stabbing weapon you must be mentally prepared to defend yourself and not go into shock if you get cut during the physical altercation. Most of the time the act of getting cut causes people to go into shock and die, so we must tell ourselves the following every time we are confronted with a sharp object or stabbing weapon: "I am going to get cut but I am not going to die" this will help us be more effective when utilizing the following defensive techniques. Knife Attack with the Attacker (Standing) with a knife in front of your Face or Throat As a defender you must assume a good natural interview-stance. Upon being approached by an attacker carrying a knife or potentially sharp stabbing weapon you must immediately.' . assume a defensive stance as explained previously in this lesson. • your ground. Your reaction will be unexpected by your attacker and a last minute response banding As soon as the attacker places the knife close to your face/throat area, raise your hands slowly as if you are surrendering. Keep your hands close to your body and when you get your hands parallel to the height of his wrist, (with both of your hands palms open) simultaneously strike the inside of his wrist and the center of the back of his hand as hard as you can. This will cause the attackers hand to open up and drop the knife, subsequently allowing you to grab the back of his hand and employ wrist hold # 3 as described previously in this lesson to disarm your attacker. Subsequently, create and maintain distance using any of the previous techniques. Utilize your body alarm, radio or whistle to seek assistance as you are using your avenue of escape. b. Knife Attack Thiusting down to your Chest As a defender you must assume a good natural interview-stance. Upon being approached by an attacker carrying a knife or potentially sharp stabbing weapon you must immediately assume a defensive stance as explained previously in this lesson. Your reaction will be unexpected by your attacker and a last minute response by standing your ground. D-32 DODD0A-000145 ANNEX D Corrections Train-the-Trainer Training Program As soon as the attacker attempts to slash or stab you in a downward manner you must redirect his energy by pivoting on the ball of your outside foot (opening an avenue of approach of the attacker) simultaneously, reaching up with both hands in a circular motion touching the forearm of the attacker redirecting his blow in towards him. Keep your hands close together in a circular fashion when you make contact with him causing the attacker stab himself with the knife. Subsequently, allowing you to create and maintain distance using any of the previous techniques. Allowing you the opportunity to utilize your body alarm, radio or whistle, to seek assistance as you are using your avenue of escape. c. Knife Attack Straight Thrust to Stomach As a defender you must assume a good natural interview-stance. Upon being approached by an attacker carrying a knife or potentially sharp stabbing weapon you must immediately assume a defensive stance as explained previously in this lesson. Your reaction will be unexpected by your attacker and a last minute response by standing your ground. As soon as the attacker attempts to stab you in a thrusting straight forward manner you must redirect his energy by pivoting on the ball of your outside foot (opening an avenue of approach of the attacker) simultaneously, reaching across the top of his hand and grab the back of his hand and employ wrist hold # 3 as described previously in this lesson to disarm your attacker. Subsequently, allowing you to create and maintain distance using any of the previous techniques. Allowing you the opportunity to utilize your body alarm. radio or whistle to seek assistance as you are using your avenue of escape. d. Knife Attack Thrusting upward to your Abdomen. As a defender you must assume a good natural interview-stance. Upon being approached by an attacker carrying a knife or potentially sharp stabbing weapon you must immediately assume a defensive stance as explained previously in this lesson. Your reaction will be unexpected by your attacker and a last minute response by standing your ground. As soon as the attacker attempts to stab you in a upward manner at your abdomen you must redirect his energy by pivoting on the ball of your outside foot (opening an avenue of approach of the attacker) simultaneously, using your outside forearm to strike the attackers elbow area redirecting the weapon away from your body. Next, step forward with your outside leg and utilize your inside forearm to strike the attackers Brachial nerve in a stunning manner. This will cause your attacker to hit the ground rapidly subsequently, allowing you to create and maintain distance using any of the previous techniques. Allowing you the opportunity to utilize your body alarm, radio or whistle to seek assistance as you are using your avenue of escape. Knife Attack Slashing side to side at your Stomach D-33 DODD0A-000146 ANNEX D Corrections Train-the-Trainer Training Program As a defender you must assume a good natural interview-stance. Upon being approached by an attacker carrying a knife or potentially sharp stabbing weapon you must immediately assume a defensive stance as explained previously in this lesson. Your reaction will be unexpected by your attacker and a last minute response by standing your ground. As soon as the attacker attempts to slash you in a side-to-side manner at your abdomen you must do the unexpected and move forward as he is swinging his arm side-to-side and assumes a natural pause on his upswing. Care must be taken to time your forward movement to allow you an opportunity to secure his slashing arm against his stomach with your weak arm simultaneously, using your forearm to strike the attackers Brachial nerve in a stunning manner. This will cause your attacker to hit the ground rapidly subsequently, allowing you to create and maintain distance using any of the previous techniques. Allowing you the opportunity to utilize your body alarm, radio or whistle, to seek assistance as you are using your avenue of escape. NOTE: Conduct a check on learning and summarize the learning activity. Learning Step / Activity 9. Defend against a Punch to the race Method of Instruction: Demonstration Instructor to Student Ratio: 1:12 Time of Instruction: 30 mins Media: Large Group Instruction INSTRUCTOR NOTES: The primary instructor will ensure all assistant Instructors are positioned through out the training area to ensure students can see each demonstiation. Predesignated assistant instructors will demonstrate each technique, as the primary instructor explains them. During demonstrations one predesignated assistant instructor will role-play as an attacker, while the other demonstrates each technique. The following techniques will be conducted initially by the instructors at a moderate pace in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of each technique before it is demonstrated step bystep using the demonstration method of instruction. All instructors must conduct rehearsals prior to presenting this lesson in front of students to ensure each step is mastered and can be demonstrated effectively. After each step has been demonstrated, have the students perform these steps. Assist and critique students as necessary. CAUTION-CAUTION- CAUTION- CAUTION-CAUTION- CAUTION- CAUTION-CAUTION- CAUTION Remind students when they feel pain or discomfort while (role playing) as the attacker during ANY technique to pat themselves or pat the ground with a free hand, or say "CODE BLUE" this will inform the student applying the technique to release the pressure in that area. However, the student applying the technique may continue to execute the technique slowly until the (role playing) attacker complies with the defenders commands. On the command of "STOP", or "CODE RED" or at the sound of a whistle ALL D-34 DODD0A-000147 ANNEX D Corrections Train-the-Traizer Training Program students applying any technique will release the hold on the attacker and stop the technique being • applied in order to minimize injury to one another.. • Straight Punch Defense: As a defender you must assume a good natural interview-stance. Upon being approached by an attacker with his hands in the form of a fist you must immediately assume a defensive stance as explained previously in this lesson. Your reaction will be unexpected by your attacker and a last minute response by standing your ground. As soon as the attacker attempts to punch you with a straight punch to the jaw, you must redirect his energy by pivoting on the ball of your outside foot (opening an avenue of approach of the attacker) simultaneously, reaching up with both hands touching both the elbow and wrist of the attacker in the following manner. Simultaneously using open hands push forward with your outside hand while puiiino . yourself with your inside hand making contact with the attackers elbow with the ouisic.iz ,! ho and the inside of the wrist with the inside hand. When your hands make contact with his arm and hand you will redirect his energ y •,;. him to move by you and to the floor this will subsequently, allow you to create an ,,.3 distance using any of the previous techniques. Allowing you the opportunity to ut;-: - body alarm, radio or whistle, to seek assistance as you are using your avenue of e,i -aps-, b. Roundhouse Punch Defense: As a defender you must assume a good natural interview-stance. Upon being apprua.cnel t!•‘ an attacker with his hands in the form of a fist you must immediately assumeia defensivt , stance as explained previously in this lesson. Your reaction will be unexpected by your attacker and a last minute response by standing your ground. As soon as the attacker attempts to punch you with a roundhouse punch to the ski head, you must do the unexpected by moving closer to him to redirect his energy by pivoting on the ball of your inside foot (opening an avenue of approach of the attacker) simultaneously, reaching up with your weak hand blocking the inside of his wrist while simultaneously moving the forea.rm of your other hand up to the side of his neck to initial ,:! a Brachial stun. You must simultaneously step inside of the attacker with your strong foot. Next, pivot on the ball of your strong foot and step backward with your weak foot in counterclockwise circular fashion. As the attackers momentum is moving forward you will redirect his energy and thro... , the ground. Subsequently, allowing you to create and maintain distance using any of the pi -E!:.techniques. Allowing you the opportunity to utilize your body alarm, radio or whislif­assistance as you are using your avenue of escape. D-35 ANNEX D Corrections Train-the-Trainer Training PrOgram NOTE: Conduct a check on learning and summarize the learning activity. Learning Step / Activity 10. Defend against a Kick Method of Instruction: Demonstration Instructor to Student Ratio: 1:12 Time of Instruction: 30 mins Media: Large Group instruction INSTRUCTOR NOTES: The primary instructor will ensure all assistant instructors are positioned through out the training area to ensure students can see each demonstration. Predesignated assistant instructors will demonstrate each technique, as the primary instructor explains them. During demonstrations one predesigriated assistant instructor will role-play as an attacker, while the other demonstrates each technique. The following techniques will be conducted initially by the instructors at a moderate pace in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of each technique before it is demonstrated step-by-step using the demonstration method of instruction. All instructors must conduct rehearsals prior to presenting this lesson in front of students to ensure each step is mastered and can be demonstrated effectively. After each step has been demonstrated, have the students perform these steps. Assist and critique students as necessary. CAUTION-CAUTION- CAUTION- CAUTION-CAUTION- CAUTION- CAUTION-CAUTION- CAUTION ••Remind students when they feel pain or discomfort while (role playing) as-the attacker during ANY technique to pat themselves or pat the ground with a free hand, or say "CODE BLUE" this will -inform the student applying the technique to release the pressure in that area. However, the student *lying the technique may continue to execute the technique slowly until the (role playing) attacker co plies with the defenders commands. On the command of "STOP", or "CODE RED" or at the sound of a whistle ALL students applying any technique will release the hold on the attacker and stop the technique being applied in order to minimize injury to one -another. a. Kick to the Groin Defense. As a defender you must assume a good natural interview-stance. Upon being approached by an attacker that will potentially kick you, you must immediately assume a defensive stance as explained previously in this lesson. Your reaction will be unexpected by your attacker and a last minute response by standing your ground. As soon as the attacker attempts to kick you in a upward manner at your groin area you must redirect his energy by pivoting on the ball of your outside foot (opening an avenue of approach of the attacker) simultaneously, using your outside forearm to strike the under side of the attackers leg redirecting the kick away from your body. This will cause your attacker to hit the ground rapidly subsequently, allowing you to create and maintain distance using any of the previous techniques. Allowing you the opportunity to utilize your body alarm, radio or whistle to seek assistance as you are using your avenue of escape. n DODD0A-000149 ANNEX D Corrections Train-the-Traiaer Training Program NOTE: Conduct a check on learning and summarize the learning activity. Learning Step / Activity 11. Defend against Club Attack Method of Instruction: Demonstration Instructor to Student Ratio: 1:12 Time of Instruction: 30 mins Media: Large Group Instruction INSTRUCTOR NOTES: The primary instructor will ensure all assistant instructors are positioned through out the training area to ensure students can see each demonstration. Predesignated assistant instructors will demonstrate each technique, as the primary instructor explains them. During demonstrations one predesignated assistant instructor will role-play as an attacker, while the other demonstrates each technique. The following techniques will be conducted initially by the instructors at a moderate pace in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of each technique before it is demonstrated step-by-step using the demonstration method of instruction. All instructors must conduct rehearsals prior to presenting this lesson in front of students to ensure each step is mastered and can be demonstrated effectively. After each step has been demonstrated, have the students perform these steps. Assist and -.. •.. critique 'students as necessary. CAUTION-CAUTION- CAUTION- CAUTION-CAUTION-CAUTION- CAUTION-CA.UTION-CAUTIGN Rerhind students when they feel pain or discomfort while (role playing) as the attacker durin01/4NY technique to pat themselves or pat the ground with a free hand, or say "CODE BLUE" thisfivill inform the student applying the technique to release the pressure in that area. However, the student applying the technique may continue to execute the technique slowly until the (role playing) attacker compties.with the defenders commands. On the command -of "STOP", or "CODE RED" or at the sound of a whistle ALL ,students applying any technique will release the hold on the attacker and stop the technique being applied in order to minimize injury to one another. Club Attack down at your head As a defender you must assume a good natural interview-stance. Upon being approached by an attacker carrying a club or other club type weapon you must immediately assume a defensive stance as explained previously in this lesson. Your reaction will be unexpected by your attacker and a last minute response by standing your ground..• As soon as the attacker attempts to swing at you in a downward manner you must do the unexpected by moving forward under his arms and place your strong foot between his feet. Next, pivot on the ball of your strong foot and step backward with your weak toot in a counterclockwise circular fashion while simultaneously reaching up and grabbing the club with both of your hands. ANNEX D Corrections Train-the-Trainer Training Program As the attackers momentum is moving forward you Will redirect his energy and throw him over your strong hip to the ground disarming him. Subsequently, allowing you to create and maintain distance using any of the previous techniques. Allowing you the opportunity to utilize your body alarm, radio or whistle, to seek assistance as you are using your avenue of escape. NOTE: Do NOT attempt to throw your attacker over your shoulder or you will cause yourself unnecessary pain and suffering. Club Attack Slashing side to side at your Stomach As a defender you must assume a good natural interview-stance. Upon being app -(_,,,,cf-,•c. an attacker carrying a club or other club type weapon you must immediately assun , :' defensive stance as explained previously in this lesson. Your reaction will be unexpected by your attacker and a last minute response by .-your ground. As soon as the attacker attempts to swing at you in a side to side manner you rh: unexpected by moving forward to inside his chest area as he is on the up swing your strong foot between his feet. Next you must pivot on the ball of your strong foot and step backward with your a circular fashion while simultaneously reaching up and grabbing the club with bc' - hands. As the attackers momentum is moving forward you will redirect his energy and throw b; 1 -7. over your strong hip to the ground disarming him. Subsequently, allowing you to create and maintain distance using any of the proviou techniques. Allowing you the opportunity to utilize your body alarrh, radio or whi;;;t1 v assistance as you are using your avenue of escape. NOTE: Do NOT attempt to throw your attacker over your shoulder or you will cause your self unnecessary pain and suffering. SECTION IV. SUMMARY Method of Instruction: Conference / Discussion Instructor to Student Ratio is: 1:60 Time of Instruction: 20 mins Media: Large Group Instruction Check on Determine if the students have learned the material presented by soliciting sii, Learning questions and explanations. Ask the students questions and correct misunderstandings. Review / Summarize Lesson SECTION V. STUDENT EVALUATION 'o DODD0A-000151 ANNEX D Corrections Train-the-Trainer Training Program Testing.NOTE: Describe how the student must demonstrate accomplishment of the TLO. Requirements Refer student to the Student Evaluation Plan. Feedback.NOTE: Feedback is essential to effective learning. Schedule and provide Requirements feedback on the evaluation and any information to help answer students' questions about the test. Provide remedial training as needed. DODD0A-000152 ANNEX D Corrections Train-the-Trainer Training Program Appendix A Test React to a Physical Attack using Unarmed Self-Defense Techniques PERFORMANCE EXAM The following is a competency-based performance evaluation. All students must be able to effectively execute each task to standard. 1..Demonstrate the Interview-stance & Defensive-stance. 2. .Explain what the 5-Phases Are: a. M. b. E. c. P. d. P. e. P. 3..Demonstrate the Proper Wrist Hold # 1 Technique. 4..Demonstrate the Proper Wrist Hold ft 2 Technique. 5..Demonstrate the Proper Wrist Hold # 3 Technique. 6..Defend yourself against a Single Wrist Grab. 7..Defend yourself against Double Wrist Grab. 8..Defend yourself against a-Bear Hug from the Front Pinning your Arms. 9..Defend yourself against a Be'ar Hug from the Front Not Pinning your Arms. 10..Defend yourself against a Bear Hug from the Rear Pinning your Arms. 11..Defend yourself against a Bear Hug from the Rear Not Pinning your Arms. 12..Defend yourself against a Head Lock. 13..Defend yourself against a Choke Hold from the Front. 14..Defend yourself against a Choke Hold from the Rear. 15..Defend yourself against Full Nelson. 16..Prevent a Full Nelson from Being Applied. 17..Defend yourself against a Club Attack. 18..Defend yourself against a Straight Punch. 19..Defend yourself against a Round House Punch. 20..Defend yourself. against a Kick. 21..Defend yourself against a Knife Attack. a. Standing b. Slashing Down c. Slashing Up d. Slashing side to side e. Straight Jab n _A n DODD0A-000153 ANNEX D Corrections Train-the-Trainer Training Program Appendix 3 Restrain a Detainee SECTION 1. ADMINISTRATIVE DATA Oct 2003 SECTION I..ADMINISTRATIVE DATA All Courses.COURSE NUMBER(S).COURSE TITLES(S) Including This Lesson Task(s). TASK NUMBER.TASK TITLE Taught or Supported Reinforced. TASK NUMBER.TASK TITLE Task(s). None The academic hours required to teach this lesson are as follows - Academic Hours HRS/M01 1.5/CO . 0.5/DM 1.0PE1 TEST TOTAL 3.0 HOURS Test Lesson. Hours.Lesson No. Number (State it there are none.) Prerequisite.LESSON NUMBER.LESSON TITLE Lesson(s) Foreign Restrictions Security.Unclassified. fl A 4 ANNEX D Corrections Train4he-Trainer Training Program Clearance! Access Number.Title. Date.Additional References Information ____ -i1 -.-11 _i Student Study Assignments Instructor One primary and six assistant instructors. Requirements Additional Support None Personnel Requirements Equipment Twenty ratchet style handcuffs w/key, and twenty leg restraints w/key. Required Materials INSTRUCTOR MATERIALS: t None. Required Classroom,.One 40-person classroom. Training Area, and Range Requirements Ammunition.None. Requirements Instructional.Before presenting this lesson, instructors must thoroughly prepare by stud). , . Guidance lesson and identified reference material. . .. Proponent NAME RANK POSITION Lesson Plan .. . Approvals Edward J. Baldwin Jr.. SFC Corrections SME SECTION IL.INTRODUCTION n_no